oracle常用经典sql查询.docx
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oracle常用经典sql查询
oracle常用经典SQL查询
常用SQL查询：
1、查看表空间的名称及大小
selectt.tablespace_name,round（sum（bytes/（1024*1024））,0）ts_size
fromdba_tablespacest,dba_data_filesd
wheret.tablespace_name=d.tablespace_name
groupbyt.tablespace_name;
2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
selecttablespace_name,file_id,file_name,
round（bytes/（1024*1024）,0）total_space
fromdba_data_files
orderbytablespace_name;
3、查看回滚段名称及大小
selectsegment_name,tablespace_name,r.status,
（initial_extent/1024）InitialExtent,（next_extent/1024）NextExtent,
max_extents,v.curextCurExtent
Fromdba_rollback_segsr,v$rollstatv
Wherer.segment_id=v.usn（+）
orderbysegment_name;
4、查看控制文件
selectnamefromv$controlfile;
5、查看日志文件
selectmemberfromv$logfile;
6、查看表空间的使用情况
selectsum（bytes）/（1024*1024）asfree_space,tablespace_name
fromdba_free_space
groupbytablespace_name;
SELECTA.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTESTOTAL,B.BYTESUSED,C.BYTESFREE,
（B.BYTES*100）/A.BYTES"%USED",（C.BYTES*100）/A.BYTES"%FREE"
FROMSYS.SM$TS_AVAILA,SYS.SM$TS_USEDB,SYS.SM$TS_FREEC
WHEREA.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAMEANDA.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
7、查看数据库库对象
selectowner,object_type,status,count（*）count#fromall_objectsgroupbyowner,object_type,status;
8、查看数据库的版本
SelectversionFROMProduct_component_version
WhereSUBSTR（PRODUCT,1,6）='Oracle';
9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
SelectCreated,Log_Mode,Log_ModeFromV$Database;
10、捕捉运行很久的SQL
columnusernameformata12
columnopnameformata16
columnprogressformata8
selectusername,sid,opname,
round（sofar*100/totalwork,0）||'%'asprogress,
time_remaining,sql_text
fromv$session_longops,v$sql
wheretime_remaining<>0
andsql_address=address
andsql_hash_value=hash_value
/
11。
查看数据表的参数信息
SELECTpartition_name,high_value,high_value_length,tablespace_name,
pct_free,pct_used,ini_trans,max_trans,initial_extent,
next_extent,min_extent,max_extent,pct_increase,FREELISTS,
freelist_groups,LOGGING,BUFFER_POOL,num_rows,blocks,
empty_blocks,avg_space,chain_cnt,avg_row_len,sample_size,
last_analyzed
FROMdba_tab_partitions
--WHEREtable_name=:
tnameANDtable_owner=:
towner
ORDERBYpartition_position
12.查看还没提交的事务
select*fromv$locked_object;
select*fromv$transaction;
13。
查找object为哪些进程所用
select
p.spid,
s.sid,
s.serial#serial_num,
s.usernameuser_name,
a.typeobject_type,
s.osuseros_user_name,
a.owner,
a.objectobject_name,
decode（sign（48-command）,
1,
to_char（command）,'ActionCode#'||to_char（command））action,
p.programoracle_process,
s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,
s.statussession_status
fromv$sessions,v$accessa,v$processp
wheres.paddr=p.addrand
s.type='USER'and
a.sid=s.sidand
a.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'
orderbys.username,s.osuser
14。
回滚段查看
selectrownum,sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameName,v$rollstat.extents
Extents,v$rollstat.rssizeSize_in_Bytes,v$rollstat.xactsXActs,
v$rollstat.getsGets,v$rollstat.waitsWaits,v$rollstat.writesWrites,
sys.dba_rollback_segs.statusstatusfromv$rollstat,sys.dba_rollback_segs,
v$rollnamewherev$rollname.name（+）=sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameand
v$rollstat.usn（+）=v$rollname.usnorderbyrownum
15。
耗资源的进程（topsession）
selects.schemanameschema_name,decode（sign（48-command）,1,
to_char（command）,'ActionCode#'||to_char（command））action,status
session_status,s.osuseros_user_name,s.sid,p.spid,s.serial#serial_num,
nvl（s.username,'[Oracleprocess]'）user_name,s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,st.valuecriteria_valuefromv$sesstatst,v$sessions,v$processp
wherest.sid=s.sidandst.statistic#=to_number（'38'）and（'ALL'='ALL'
ors.status='ALL'）andp.addr=s.paddrorderbyst.valuedesc,p.spidasc,s.usernameasc,s.osuserasc
16。
查看锁（lock）情况
select/*+RULE*/ls.osuseros_user_name,ls.usernameuser_name,
decode（ls.type,'RW','Rowwaitenqueuelock','TM','DMLenqueuelock','TX',
'Transactionenqueuelock','UL','Usersuppliedlock'）lock_type,
o.object_nameobject,decode（ls.lmode,1,null,2,'RowShare',3,
'RowExclusive',4,'Share',5,'ShareRowExclusive',6,'Exclusive',null）
lock_mode,o.owner,ls.sid,ls.serial#serial_num,ls.id1,ls.id2
fromsys.dba_objectso,（selects.osuser,s.username,l.type,
l.lmode,s.sid,s.serial#,l.id1,l.id2fromv$sessions,
v$locklwheres.sid=l.sid）lswhereo.object_id=ls.id1ando.owner
<>'SYS'orderbyo.owner,o.object_name
17。
查看等待（wait）情况
SELECTv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.countcount,SUM（v$sysstat.value）sum_value
FROMv$waitstat,v$sysstatWHEREv$sysstat.nameIN（'dbblockgets',
'consistentgets'）groupbyv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.count
18。
查看sga情况
SELECTNAME,BYTESFROMSYS.V_$SGASTATORDERBYNAMEASC
19。
查看catchedobject
SELECTowner,name,db_link,namespace,
type,sharable_mem,loads,executions,
locks,pins,keptFROMv$db_object_cache
20。
查看V$SQLAREA
SELECTSQL_TEXT,SHARABLE_MEM,PERSISTENT_MEM,RUNTIME_MEM,SORTS,
VERSION_COUNT,LOADED_VERSIONS,OPEN_VERSIONS,USERS_OPENING,EXECUTIONS,
USERS_EXECUTING,LOADS,FIRST_LOAD_TIME,INVALIDATIONS,PARSE_CALLS,DISK_READS,
BUFFER_GETS,ROWS_PROCESSEDFROMV$SQLAREA
21。
查看object分类数量
selectdecode（o.type#,1,'INDEX',2,'TABLE',3,'CLUSTER',4,'VIEW',5,
'SYNONYM',6,'SEQUENCE','OTHER'）object_type,count（*）quantityfrom
sys.obj$owhereo.type#>1groupbydecode（o.type#,1,'INDEX',2,'TABLE',3
'CLUSTER',4,'VIEW',5,'SYNONYM',6,'SEQUENCE','OTHER'）unionselect
'COLUMN',count（*）fromsys.col$unionselect'DBLINK',count（*）from
22。
按用户查看object种类
selectu.nameschema,sum（decode（o.type#,1,1,NULL））indexes,
sum（decode（o.type#,2,1,NULL））tables,sum（decode（o.type#,3,1,NULL））
clusters,sum（decode（o.type#,4,1,NULL））views,sum（decode（o.type#,5,1,
NULL））synonyms,sum（decode（o.type#,6,1,NULL））sequences,
sum（decode（o.type#,1,NULL,2,NULL,3,NULL,4,NULL,5,NULL,6,NULL,1））
othersfromsys.obj$o,sys.user$uwhereo.type#>=1andu.user#=
o.owner#andu.name<>'PUBLIC'groupbyu.nameorderby
sys.link$unionselect'CONSTRAINT',count（*）fromsys.con$
23。
有关connection的相关信息
1）查看有哪些用户连接
selects.osuseros_user_name,decode（sign（48-command）,1,to_char（command）,
'ActionCode#'||to_char（command））action,p.programoracle_process,
statussession_status,s.terminalterminal,s.programprogram,
s.usernameuser_name,s.fixed_table_sequenceactivity_meter,''query,
0memory,0max_memory,0cpu_usage,s.sid,s.serial#serial_num
fromv$sessions,v$processpwheres.paddr=p.addrands.type='USER'
orderbys.username,s.osuser
2）根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况
selectn.name,
v.value,
n.class,
n.statistic#
fromv$statnamen,
v$sesstatv
wherev.sid=71and
v.statistic#=n.statistic#
orderbyn.class,n.statistic#
3）根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
select/*+PUSH_SUBQ*/
command_type,
sql_text,
sharable_mem,
persistent_mem,
runtime_mem,
sorts,
version_count,
loaded_versions,
open_versions,
users_opening,
executions,
users_executing,
loads,
first_load_time,
invalidations,
parse_calls,
disk_reads,
buffer_gets,
rows_processed,
sysdatestart_time,
sysdatefinish_time,
'>'||addresssql_address,
'N'status
fromv$sqlarea
whereaddress=（selectsql_addressfromv$sessionwheresid=71）
24．查询表空间使用情况
selecta.tablespace_name"表空间名称",
100-round（（nvl（b.bytes_free,0）/a.bytes_alloc）*100,2）"占用率（%）",
round（a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2）"容量（M）",
round（nvl（b.bytes_free,0）/1024/1024,2）"空闲（M）",
round（（a.bytes_alloc-nvl（b.bytes_free,0））/1024/1024,2）"使用（M）",
Largest"最大扩展段（M）",
to_char（sysdate,'yyyy-mm-ddhh24:
mi:
ss'）"采样时间"
from（selectf.tablespace_name,
sum（f.bytes）bytes_alloc,
sum（decode（f.autoextensible,'YES',f.maxbytes,'NO',f.bytes））maxbytes
fromdba_data_filesf
groupbytablespace_name）a,
（selectf.tablespace_name,
sum（f.bytes）bytes_free
fromdba_free_spacef
groupbytablespace_name）b,
（selectround（max（ff.length）*16/1024,2）Largest,
ts.nametablespace_name
fromsys.fet$ff,sys.file$tf,sys.ts$ts
wherets.ts#=ff.ts#andff.file#=tf.relfile#andts.ts#=tf.ts#
groupbyts.name,tf.blocks）c
wherea.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_nameanda.tablespace_name=c.tablespace_name
25.查询表空间的碎片程度
selecttablespace_name,count（tablespace_name）fromdba_free_spacegroupbytablespace_name
havingcount（tablespace_name）>10;
altertablespacenamecoalesce;
altertablenamedeallocateunused;
createorreplaceviewts_blocks_vas
selecttablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'freespace'segment_namefromdba_free_space
unionall
selecttablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_namefromdba_extents;
select*fromts_blocks_v;
selecttablespace_name,sum（bytes）,max（bytes）,count（block_id）fromdba_free_space
groupbytablespace_name;
26。
查询有哪些数据库实例在运行
selectinst_namefromv$active_instances;
===========================================================
#########创建数据库----look$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/buildall.sql#############
createdatabasedb01
maxlogfiles10
maxdatafiles1024
maxinstances2
logfile
GROUP1（'/u01/oradata/db01/log_01_db01.rdo'）SIZE15M,
GROUP2（'/u01/oradata/db01/log_02_db01.rdo'）SIZE15M,
GROUP3（'/u01/oradata/db01/log_03_db01.rdo'）SIZE15M,
datafile'u01/oradata/db01/system_01_db01.dbf'）SIZE100M,
undotablespaceUNDO
datafile'/u01/oradata/db01/undo_01_db01.dbf'SIZE40M
defaulttemporarytablespaceTEMP
tempfile'/u01/oradata/db01/temp_01_db01.dbf'SIZE20M
extentmanagementlocaluniformsize128k
charactersetAL32UTE8
nationalcharactersetAL16UTF16
settime_zone='America/New_
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