英语考研二级阅读理解真题.docx

英语考研二级阅读理解真题.docx

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英语考研二级阅读理解真题

英语考研二级阅读理解真题

　　英语考研二级阅读理解真题1

　　Text2

　　Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated"aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose"achievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalSciense.

　　Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach（whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram）canclose63percentoftheachievementgap（measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades）betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

　　Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindinsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students（whocompletedtheproject）atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents（59.1percent）wererecipientsofPellGrants，afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed，whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree

　　Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudentsTheycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

　　Manyfirst-generationstudents"struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation，learntherulesofthegame，andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,"theywriteAndthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdonttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudentsBecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudentseducationalexperience，manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove

　　26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas

　　[A]reducedtheirdropoutrates

　　[B]narrowedtheachievementgao

　　[C]misseditsoriginalpurpose

　　[D]depressedcollegestudents

　　27Theauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause

　　[A]theproblemissolvable

　　[B]theirapproachiscostless

　　[qtherecruitingratehasincreased

　　[D]theirfindingappealtostudents

　　28Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents

　　[A]studyatprivateuniversities

　　[B]arefromsingle-parentfamilies

　　[qareinneedoffinancialsupport

　　[D]havefailedtheircollage

　　29.Theauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents

　　[A]areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap

　　[B]canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents

　　[C]maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects

　　[D]areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege

　　30.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat--

　　[A]universitiesoftenr~ectthecultureofthemiddle-class

　　[B]studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources

　　[C]socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences

　　[D]collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion

　　英语考研二级阅读理解真题2

　　Text2

　　AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou’remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveaverageeffect”,or“illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.

　　Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe’rehotstuff.

　　PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself-enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotograghofthemselves’fromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage-whichmustdid-theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoself-enhancethemust（thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal）weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhothoughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherself-esteem.“Idon’tthinkthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion”,saysEpley.“It’sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves’.Ifyouaredepressed,youwon’tbeself-enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpley‘sstudy,itmakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally-ononelevel,theydon’tevenrecognisethepersoninthepictureasthemselves,Facebooktherefore,isaself-enhancer’sparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyleit’snotthatpeople’sprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversity,”buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.

　　26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefoundthat______.

　　[A]ourself-ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

　　[B]illusorysuperiorityisbaselesseffect

　　[C]ourneedforleadershipisunnatural

　　[D]self-enhancingstrategiesareineffective

　　27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeople’s______

　　[A]rapidwatching

　　[B]consciouschoice

　　[C]intuitiveresponse

　　[D]automaticself-defence

　　28.Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherself-esteemtendedto______

　　[A]underestimatetheirinsecurities

　　[B]believeintheirattractiveness

　　[C]coveruptheirdepressions

　　[D]oversimplifytheirillusions

　　29.Theword“Viscerally”（Line2,para.5）isclosestinmeaningto_____.

　　[A]instinctively

　　[B]occasionally

　　[C]particularly

　　[D]aggressively

　　30.ItcanbeinferredthatFacebookisself-enhancer’sparadisebecausepeoplecan_____.

　　[A]presenttheirdishonestprofiles

　　[B]definetheirtraditionallifestyles

　　[C]sharetheirintellectualpursuits

　　[D]withholdtheirunflatteringsides

　　英语考研二级阅读理解真题3

　　Text2

　　Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincluedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexanmle,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.

　　Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenemcomersintotwocategories:

legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrantionsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedon’tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.

　　Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday’sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.

　　Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.

　　Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem.

　　26“Birdsofpassage”referstothosewho____

　　[A]immigrateacrosstheAtlantic.

　　[B]leavetheirhomecountriesforgood.

　　[C]stayinaforegintemporaily.

　　[D]findpermanentjobsoverseas.

　　27Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationstystemintheUS____

　　[A]needsnewimmigrantcategories.

　　[B]hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants.

　　[C]shouldbeadoptedtome