高考英语阅读理解综合练习题及详细答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解综合练习题及详细答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解综合练习题及详细答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Itseemsthatelectronicdevicesjustkeepgettingsmaller.ScientistsintheUnitedStateshaveannouncedthecreationofthefirsttransistorwithonlytwodimensions（二维）.

   Atransistorisasmallelectronicdevicethattransfersorcarrieselectroniccurrent.Scientistshopethesenew2Dtransistorswillbeusedforbuildinghigh-resolution（高分辨率）displaysthatneedverylittleenergy.

   Twogroupsofscientistscreatedthese2Dtransistors.Theyreportthatthetransistorsareonlyafewatomsthick.

   Usuallytransistorsaremadewiththeelementsilicon（硅）.Computerprocessors,memorychips,TVscreensandotherelectronicdevicescontainbillionsofsilicon-basedtransistors.Buttheseverysmallelectricalpartshavecertainlimitations.

   DimitrisIoannouisanelectricalengineeringprofessoratGeorgeMasonUniversity.Hesaysthetraditionaltransistorhasbeenimprovedasmuchasitcanbe.Headdsthatresearchershavebeenlookingfornewmaterialswithspecialfeaturesandtheywanttransistorstobeseenthroughandsoft.

   "Ifthelayersareverythin,thetransistorcanbecomeflexible,soitdoesn'thavetoberigid（坚硬的）,likeitwouldbeinasiliconchip.Sopeoplecanthinkofapplicationslikewearableelectronics,televisionscreensandotherthings,"saidIoannou.

   Thesenewtransistorscanalsocarryhighercurrent.Theyalsocanmovethecurrentmuchfasterthantraditionaltransistors.Thisisimportantforhigh-definitionscreens.

   DimitrisIoannousaysthescientificsuccesscouldproveveryusefulinthefuture."Now,howgoodandhowusefulitwillbe,it'sstillinthestageofresearch,butitcertainlyisanadvance,"saidIoannou.

（1）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthenewlycreatedtransistorisTRUE?

A.Theyareexpectedtobeusedinhigh-resolutiondisplays.

B.Thetransistorsaremadewiththeelementsilicon.

C.Theyarerigid,justliketraditionaltransistors.

D.Theyhavealreadybeenputintoactualuse.

（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5mean?

A.Thetraditionaltransistorshavebeenchangedintotwo-dimensionalones.

B.Manyofthetraditionaltransistorshavebeenimprovedovertheyears.

C.Thetraditionaltransistorhasbeendevelopedtoitsfullest.

D.Thetraditionaltransistorhasbeendevelopedquitewell.

（3）WhatisDimitrisIoannou'sattitudetowardsthecreationofthenewtransistors?

A.Negative.

B.Neutral.

C.Indifferent.

D.Positive.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国科学家发明了新的二维晶体管，介绍了新型二维晶体管的相关信息及未来前景。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Scientistshopethesenew2Dtransistorswillbeusedforbuildinghigh-resolution（高分辨率）displaysthatneedverylittleenergy.”可知，科学家们希望能用这些新的二维晶体管来制造高分辨率的显示器。

故选A。

（2）考查句义猜测。

划线句句意为“他说传统的晶体管已经尽可能地改进了”可推知，传统的晶体管已经开发到了极致。

故选C。

（3）考查观点态度。

根据最后一段中的DimitrisIoannou所说的话可推知，他对于这种新型的晶体管持有积极乐观的态度。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Ibecameamagicianbyaccident.WhenIwasnineyearsold,Ilearnedhowtomakeacoindisappear.I'dreadTheLordoftheRingsandriskedcomingintotheadultsectionofthelibrarytosearchforabookofspells（魔法）—ninebeingthatcuriousageatwhichyou'reoldenoughtoworkthroughmorethan1,200pagesofmysteriousfantasyliteraturebutyoungenoughtostillholdouthopethatyoumightfindabookofreal,actualmagicinthelibrary.ThebookIfoundinsteadtaughtbasicsleight-of-hand（戏法）technique,andIdevotedthenextmonthstopractice.

   Initially,themagicwasn'tanygood.Atfirstitwasn'tevenmagic;itwasjustatrick—abadtrick.Ispenthourseachdayinthebathroomrunningthroughthesecretmovesinfrontofthemirror.Idroppedthecoinoverandover,athousandtimesinaday,andaftertwoweeksofthismymomgotacarpetsamplefromthestoreandplaceditunderthemirrortoeradicatethesoundofthecoinfallingagainandagain.

   Ihadheardmydadworkthroughpassagesofnewmusiconthepiano,soIknewhowtopractice—slowly,deliberately,goingforprecisionratherthanspeed.AndthenItriedtheillusion（错觉）inthemirrorandanunbelievablescenetookplace.Itdidnotlooklikeamagictrick.Itlookedlikeamiracle.IknewthatIhadgotwhatIwanted.

   OnedayImadetheperformanceontheplayground.Wehadbeenplayingfootballandwerestandingbythebackstopinthefieldbehindtheschool.Adozenpeoplewerewatching.Ishowedthecointoeveryone.Thenitdisappeared.Thekidsscreamed.Theyyelled,laughed,scrambledaway.Everyonewentcrazy.Thiswasbrilliant.

（1）Whatdidtheauthorentertheadultsectionofthelibrarytodo?

A. Tokillhistime.

B. Tofindabookofmagic.C

 ToreadTheLordoftheRings.   D.Tolearnknowledgeofliterature.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"eradicate"inParagraph2mean?

A. Getridof.                         

B. Giveout.                         

C. Imitate.                         

D. Distinguish.

（3）Whatcontributedtotheauthor'ssuccess?

A. Hismother'shelp.                                            

B. Thesecretofquickmoves.

C. Theinspirationfromhisfather.                       

D. Hisrepeatedhardpractice.

（4）Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheresultofhisperformanceontheplayground?

A. It'sfantastic.                 

B. It'sfunny.                 

C. It'sawkward.                 

D. It'sdisappointing.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者变成魔术师是偶然的，并且具体讲述了自己九岁时学习如何让硬币消失的经历。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“I'dreadTheLordoftheRingsandriskedcomingintotheadultsectionofthelibrarytosearchforabookofspells”我读过《魔戒》，并且冒险进入图书馆的成人区寻找魔法书，可知，作者进入图书馆的成人区是为了寻找魔法书。

原文中使用了不定式表达目的。

故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段讲述作者一开始练习让硬币消失时的练习经历，他每天要在镜子前练1000遍左右，那么硬币也就会掉在地上1000次左右。

所以划线单词所在句子句意应为：

两周后，妈妈从店里买了一块地毯，把它放在镜子下面，以掩盖硬币一次又一次落下的声音。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Ihadheardmydadworkthroughpassagesofnewmusiconthepiano,soIknewhowtopractice—slowly,deliberately,goingforprecisionratherthanspeed.AndthenItriedtheillusion（错觉）inthemirrorandanunbelievablescenetookplace.Itdidnotlooklikeamagictrick.Itlookedlikeamiracle.”可知，作者是在父亲练习钢琴的经历的启发下，领悟到了练习的真谛，最终取得了成功。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Theyyelled,laughed,scrambledaway.Everyonewentcrazy.Thiswasbrilliant.”，可知作者在操场上表演完硬币消失之后，其他同学欢呼、大小并且都不知道是如何做到的，每个人都很疯狂。

作者认为这个经历是非常棒的。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一盘故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Imagineaschoolwhereself-awarenessiscelebrated,studentsareencouragedtosolvemathsproblemsbywritingonthewallsandapplyinglearnedlessonstoreallifeismoreimportantthanhomework.TheseareafewoftheconceptsthatmakesSpaceofMindSchoolunique.

   Locatedinahomebuiltin1896inFlorida,US,theprogramservesstudentsingrades2through12andwillacceptkindergartenstudentsnextyear.Italsooffersanafter-schoolprogramforstudentswhoattendtraditionalschools,aswellaseveningprogramsforadultsandeducatorsandweekendeventsforfamilies.

   Thereisadifferentatmospherefromthatofatraditionalschoolbuilding.Tablesandbrightlycoloredwallsarewhiteboards.Inthescienceroom,studentsarestudyingclimatechangesataweatherstation,whileinthemusicroom,astudentissolvinganequation（等式）withhisacademiccoachwhileheconnectsmusictheoryandmaths.

   Thedailyscheduleattheschoolalsostandsout."Wedon'tassignboringorexhaustinghomework."saidSpaceofMindfounderandCEOAliKaufman."Insteadofhomework,weaskthattheygohomeandtakeavideoofthemselvesapplyingalessontheylearnedorcookingamealfortheirfamilythattheylearnedhowtomakeatschool."

   Forlunch,insteadoftraditionalcafeteriadishessuchaspizza,theschooloffersorganicmealsmadeoutofproductsfromlocalgardensandfarms."OurstudentsalsorunabusinessattheDelrayBeachGreenMarketonSaturdayssotheycanunderstandsustainablelivingpracticesandhowtorunabusiness,"Kafmansaid.

   "WearealsothefirstschoolprograminFloridatostartandendeachdaywith15minutesofmeditation（冥想）,"Kaufmansaid."Thepositiveresultswehavebeenseeinginthestudentsfrommeditationareamazing.Wearereallyaboutinfusingsocial,emotionalandcreativeskillswithacademicandlifeskills."

（1）SpaceofMindSchool_________.

A. assignsnohomework.                                     

B. urgesstudentstousewhattheylearn.

C. teachesstudentstoearnmoneyinclass.       

D. focusesonknowledgelearning.

（2）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A. YogaenjoysgreatpopularityinUS.                       

B. Thepracticeofmeditationisamazing.

C. Themeditationsessionlasts15minutesdaily.     

D. Thestudentsbenefitfrommeditation.

（3）Theunderlinedword"infusing"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.

A. emphasizing                       

B. checking                       

C. developing                       

D. helping

（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A. WhatmakesSpaceofMindSchooloutstanding.

B. WhySpaceofMindSchoolispopularinUS.

C. Howtheafter-classprogramsofspaceofMindSchoolareorganized.

D. HowSpaceofMindSchoolcultivatesstudents'lifeskills.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了SpaceofMindSchool一些独特的理念和做法。

这些使得SpaceofMindSchool与众不同。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段"Imagineaschoolwhereself-awarenessiscelebrated,studentsareencouragedtosolvemathsproblemsbywritingonthewallsandapplyinglearnedlessonstoreallifeismoreimportantthanhomework.TheseareafewoftheconceptsthatmakesSpaceofMindSchoolunique."可知，SpaceofMindSchool推崇自我意识，学生们被鼓励通过在墙上写字来解决数学问题，并将学到的知识应用到实际生活中。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"T