英语写作过程性词汇表Word文件下载.docx
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exemplifiedby
representedby
anexampleof
prototypeof
representativeof
occur*as
rang*from
var*from
categor*
famil*
variet*
classification*
coverage*
group*
acomponentof
aningredientof
anelementof
apartof
asectionof
asegmentof
composedof
comprisedof
dividedinto
subdividedinto
partitionedinto
equippedwith
filledwith
formedby
madefrom
madeupof
providedwith
compris*
component*
member*
theremaining
portion*
subunit*
unit*
system*
afragmentof
apieceof
aportionof
appear*in
characteristic*of
trait*of
feature*of
part*of
characterizedby
possess*
form*
the*featureof
ExclusionRelations
absentfrom
excludedfrom
totheexclusionof
devoidof
freeof
lack*
missing
ChangeofState
aris*from
arosefrom
aris*outof
aroseoutof
aderivativeof
aproductof
com*from
camefrom
deriv*from
develop*from
originat*from
giv*riseto
gaveriseto
giv*awayto
gaveawayto
yield*
follow*
caus*
produc*
dueto
producedby
producedfrom
theresultof
result*from
result*in
thereasonwhy
thefindingof
convertedto
becom*
became
branch*into
evolv*into
transform*into
render*
turn*into
switch*
chang*into
grow*
grew
shift*
develop*
processof
Functioning
act*asact*tobehav*like
functionas
ha*arolein
play*theroleof
play*apartin
provid*
serv*as
usefulfor
usedfor
usedtodo
chosenas
employ*as
method*
means
SpatialRelations
adjacentto
containedin
containedwithin
coatedwith
coveredwith
embeddedin
equidistant
insertedinto
positionedat
separated
surroundedby
fac*
situat*
sit*
sat
stand*
stood
resid*
surround
foundin
exist*in
there*
arranged
distributed
located
placed
extend*
lie
lay
lain
lying
TemporalRelations
previous*
current*
present
atonce
soon
former
later
past
following
temporal*
permanent*
last*
gradual*
sudden*
eternal*
immediate*
timely
early
late
duration
already
yet
pre-*
post-*
urgent*
thereupon
hitherto
henceforward
henceforth
first*
second*
third*
forth*
fifth*
sixth*
atfirst
firstofall
intheend
atlast
final*
next*
annual*
yearly
monthly
weekly
daily
always
often
sometimes
seldom
hardly
never
ever
once
twice
frequent*
constant*
simultaneous*
nolonger
nomore
notanymore
notanylonger
continual*
continuous*
average
regular*
future
with*frequency
PhysicalCharacteristics
measur*
maintain*
weigh*
*-colored
*-sized
*-formed
*-part
*-shaped
ha*a*-likeappearance
intheformof
intheshapeof
inshadesof
dimension
be
is
are
was
were
being
been
inshape
witha*c
with*co
shape
look
QuantityModification
ahighpercentageof
asmallpercentageof
apercentageof
rateof
percent
proportio
avarietyof
aquantityof
volume*of
amount*of
number*of
aserieso
asetof
1.It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型Shehadsaidwhatitwasnecessarytosay.2.强调句型Itisnotwhorulesusthatisimportant,buthowherulesus.3."
All+抽象名词"
或"
抽象名词+itself"
(very+形容词)Hewasallgentlenesstoher.4.利用词汇重复表示强调Acrimeisacrimeacrime.5."
something(much)of"
和"
nothing(little)of"
"
somethingof"
相当于"
tosomeextent"
,表示程度。
在疑问句或条件从句中,则为"
anythingof"
,可译为"
有点"
,"
略微等。
"
译为毫无"
全无"
。
muchof"
译为"
大有"
notmuchof"
可译为"
算不上"
称不上"
littleof"
可译为"
几乎无"
somethinglike译为"
有点像,略似。
Theysaythathehadnouniversityeducation,butheseemstobesomethingofascholar.6.同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物,"
of"
以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语,以修饰"
后面的那个名词。
如"
heroldsharperofafather"
,可译为:
她那骗子般的父亲"
Thosepigsofgirlseatsomuch.7.as…as…can(may)beItisasplainasplaincanbe.8."
Itisin(with)…asin(with)"
Itisinlifeasinajourney.9."
asgoodas…"
相等于,就像,几乎如;
实际上,其实,实在。
Themerchantasgoodaspromisedtheorphanboy,thathewouldadopthim.10."
manyaswell…as"
mightaswell…as"
与其……,不如……,更好"
以这样做……为宜"
如同……,也可以……"
等等。
mightaswell…as"
表示不可能的事,可译为"
犹如……"
可与……一样荒唐"
与其那样不如这样的好"
Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitimperfectly.11."
tomake…of"
的译法(使……成为……,把……当作)Iwillmakeascientistofmyson.12.oo…+不定式"
,not(never)too…+不定式"
too…not+不定式Sheistooangrytospeak.13.only(not,all,but,never)too…todoso和"
tooready(apt)+todo"
结构中,不定式也没有否定意义,凡是"
not"
all"
but等字后+"
too…to,"
不定式都失去了否定意义,在"
tooready(apt)+todo"
结构中,不定式也没有否定意义。
Youknowbuttooyelltoholdyourtongue.14."
nomore…than…"
句型Ahomewithoutloveisnomoreahomethanabodywithoutasoulisaman.15."
notsomuch…as"
notsomuchas…"
结构,"
="
,其中as有进可换用butrather,可译为:
与其说是……毋须说是……"
而"
notsomuchas"
without(not)even,"
甚至……还没有"
Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.16."
Nothingismore…than"
Nothingisso…as"
和
都具有最高级比较的意思,"
NothingI"
可换用"
no"
,"
nobody"
nowhere"
little"
few"
hardly"
scarcely"
等等,可译为"
没有……比……更为"
像……
再没有了"
最……"
等。
Nothingismorepreciousthantime.17."
cannot…too…"
结构,"
意为"
Itisimpossibletooverdo…"
或者,即"
无论怎样……也不算过分"
等,"
too"
enough"
sufficient"
等。
Youcannotbetoocareful.18."
否定+but"
结构,在否定词后面的"
but"
,具有"
whichnot"
whonot"
thatnot"
,等等否定意义,构成前后的双重否定。
可译成"
没有……不是"
……都……"
Nothingissobadbutitmighthavebeenworse.19."
否定+until(till)"
结构,在否定词"
never"
seldom"
等的后边所接用的"
until/till"
,多数情况下译为"
直到……才……"
要……才……"
,把否定译为肯定。
Nobodyknowswhathecandotillhehastried.20."
notso…but"
notsucha…but"
结构,这两个结构和"
否定+but"
的结构差不多,不同之点是这两个结构中的"
是含有"
that…not"
意味的连续词,表示程度。
还没有……到不能做……的程度"
并不是……不……"
无论怎样……也不是不能……"
Heisnotsosickbuthecancometoschool.21."
疑问词+should…but"
结构,这个结构表示过去的意外的事,意为"
none…but"
,可译为"
除了……还有谁会……"
岂料"
想不到……竟是……"
Whoshouldwriteitbuthimself?
22."
whoknowsbut(that)…"
whocouldshould…but"
结构,这个结构是反问形式,一般意译为"
多半"
亦未可知"
等等,有时也可直译。
Whoknowsbut(that)hemaygo?
23."
祈使句+and"
祈使句+or"
表示"
If…you…"
祈使名+or"
表示"
if…not…,you。
24."
名词+and"
结构,在这个结构中,名词等于状语从句,或表示条件,或表示时间。
Aword,andhewouldlosehistemper25."
as…,so…"
结构,这里的"
so"
的意思是"
inthesameway"
(也是如此)。
此结构表明两个概念在程度上和关系上相似。
Asrusteatsiron,socareeatstheheart.26."
ifany"
ifever"
,意思是"
果真有……"
即使有……"
,表示加强语气。
与此类似的还有:
ifanything"
(如有不同的话,如果稍有区别),"
ifaday"
(=atleast,至少)。
Thereislittle,ifany,hope.27."
beitever(never)so"
letitbeever(never)so"
结构,这里,"
beit"
中的"
be"
是古英语假设语气的遗留形式,现代英语则使用"
letitbe"
everso"
neverso"
都表示同一意思,都表示"
very"
Beiteversohumble(letitbeeversohumble),homeishome.28."
thelast+不定式"
thelast+定语从词"
结构,这种结构中的"
last"
意思是"
theleastlikely"
,用于否定性推论。
最不大可能的"
最不合适的"
,由原意的"
最后一个……"
变成"
最不可能……的一个"
Heisthelastmantoacceptabride.
29."
so…tha
t…"
句型,这个句型的意思是"
如此……,以致于……"
,但在翻译成汉语时,许多情况下,并不是一定要译成"
如此……以致于……"
,而是变通表达其含义。
Heransofastthatnobodycouldcatchhimup.30."
more+than+原级形容词(副词)"
结构,这是将不同性质加以比较,其中的"
more"
有"
rather"
的意思。
Itismorethanprobablethathewillfall.31."
morethan+动词"
结构,这种结构表示动词的程度,可译为"
异常"
岂止"
十二分地"
Thismorethansatisfiedme.32."
goodand…"
的副词用法,译为"
非常"
很"
类似还有"
niceand…"
"
fineand…,"
lovelyand…"
brightand…"
rareand…"
bigand…"
等,均表示程度。
Theapplesaregoodandripe.33."
andthat"
结构,这个"
应译为"
而且……"
,表示对它前面陈述部分的语气加强,"
that"
代表前面的整个陈述部分。
Returntoyourwork,andthatatonce.34."
atonce…and"
结构,这个结构译为"
既……又……"
,起相关连接的作用,相当于"
both…and…"
Thenovelisatoncepleasingandinstructive.35."
inthat…"
结构,这个结构的意思是"
在那一点上(方面)"
因为"
类似的结构还有"
inthis…"
Thebudgetisunrealisticinthatitdisregardsincreasedcosts.36."
thenamenotwithstanding"
结构,这个结构中"
notwithstanding"
是介词,这个介词可以置前,可以置后,比如也可写成:
notwithstandingthename"
起让步状语的作用。
Somepeoplethinkofthestoragebatteryasasortofcondenserwhereelectricityisstored.Butthisisanentirelywrongconception,thenamenotwithstanding.37."
Every…not"
和"
All…not"
结构,"
表示"
不见得每个……都是……"
;
不见得所有……都是……"
Everymanisnotpolite,andallarenotborngentlemen.38."
mayaswellnot…as"
结构,此结构可译为"
与其……不如不……"
Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly.39."
haveonlyto…do"
结构,此结构表示"
只须(消)……就能……"
WehaveonlytoturntothatextraordinarydiscoverymadebyEdisontoseethesignificanceofit.40."
not(no)…unless…"
句型Noincreaseinoutputcanbeexpectedunlessanewassemblylineisinstalled.41."
better…than…"
句型Bettermylifeshouldbeendedbytheirhate,thanthathatedlifeshouldbeprolongedtolivewithoutyourlove.42."
asitwere"
是一个非常常用的插入语,意思是"
好象"
可以说"
Apieceofironnearamagnet,thoughapparentlyseparatefromit,feels,asitwere,thethreadsofthisattachment.43.复杂结构,在下面例句中,由于anyone的定语从句过长,把谓语mustrealize提到定语从句之前。
Thoughfaithandconfidencearesurelymoreorlassforeigntomynature,Idonot
infr