上海版牛津英语六年级第二学期期末复习Word下载.doc
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your
他(的)
he
him
his
她(的)
she
her
它(的)
it
its
他们(的)
they
them
their
主格:
用作句子的主语宾格:
用在动词和介词后面所有格:
表示“…的”
疑问代词
Wh-word
meaning
Question
Answer
What
什么
WhatdoyoudoforSpringFestival?
WehaveaNewYear’sdinnertogether.
Which
哪一个
Whichwouldyoulike?
I’dlikethisyellowone.
Where
哪里
Whereismypen?
Itisinthepencilcase.
Why
为什么
Whyareyousohappytoday?
It’smybirthday!
How
怎么样
Howdoyoutraveltoschooleveryday?
Bybus.
Weuse‘How…questions’toaskfornumbersoramounts.
How…
Howmany
多少(可数)
Howmanypeoplearethere?
Thereareseven.
Howmuch
多少(不可数)
Howmuchsugardoweneedeveryday?
Onlyalittle.
多少钱
Howmuchdidyouspendonthebook?
35yuan.
不定代词
1.Some和any的用法
(1)some用于肯定句,否定句或疑问句要改为any
(2)当疑问句希望得到肯定的回答,可以用some
e.g.Thereissomemilkinthebottle.Wouldyoulikesome…?
Thereisn’tanymilkinthebottle.MayIhavesome…?
Isthereanymilkinthebottle?
Shallwebuysome…?
2.few,afew,little,alittle
(1)Weneed_____(afew,alittle)fateveryday.
重点一:
few和afew修饰可数名词,little和alittle修饰不可数名词
3.Hurryup!
Wehaveonly______(alittle,afew,little,few)time!
Thereare____(alittle,afew,little,few)spicysausagesinthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysome.
重点四:
alittle,afew表示“一点点”,肯定含义;
little,few表示“几乎没有”,否定含义。
固定搭配only/stillalittle,only/stillafew
3.one…theother…,some…others,others,eachother
(1)Sheisalwayskindtoothers.others=otherpeople别人
(2)Theyalwayshelpeachother.eachother互相
(3)Ihavetwosons.OnelivesintheUSA,theotherlivesinAustralia.one…theother…一个…另一个(前提两个人或物)
(4)Somestudentslikecartoons,otherslikesciencefiction.some…,others…一些…,另一些…
名词
1.可数名词(CountableNoun)的复数规则变化:
A.一般情况加+s
e.g.toy---toysmonth---monthscoin---coins
B.以s,x,sh,ch结尾加+es
e.g.class—classesbox—boxeschurch—churchesbrush---brushesdish---dishes
C.以f或fe结尾去f或fe改为ves
e.g.shelf---shelvesknife---kniveswolf---wolves
D.以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i,再加es
e.g.city---citiescountry---countrieslady---ladies(比较:
day---daysboy---boys)
2.可数名词的复数不规则变化
A.以o结尾
e.g.potato—potatoestomato—tomatoes
(比较:
radio---radiosphoto---photospiano---pianoskilo---kiloszoo---zooskangaroo---kangaroos)
B.单复同形
e.g.sheep---sheepdeer---deerpeople---peopleChinese---ChineseJapanese---Japanese
C.改变元音
e.g.man---menwoman---womenpoliceman---policemenpostman---postmenbusinesswoman---businesswomen
child---childrenmouse---micefoot---feettooth---teethgoose---geese
可数名词和不可数名词的数量表达
与可数名词搭配的量词
与不可数名词搭配的量词
afew一些(表示肯定)
alittle一些(表示肯定)
few(表示否定)
little(表示否定)
many许多
much许多
与可数名词和不可数名词都可搭配的量词
alotof(=lotsof)许多
plentyof大量的
some一些(用于肯定句)
any一些(用于否定句和疑问句)
enough足够的(用于名词之前)
数词
one---firsttwo---secondthree---thirdfour---fourthfive---fifthsix---sixthseven---seventh
eight---eighthnine---ninthten---tentheleven---eleventhtwelve---twelfththirteen---thirteenth
fourteen---fourteenthfifteen---fifteenthsixteen---sixteenthseventeen---seventeentheighteen---eighteenth
nineteen---nineteenthtwenty---twentieththirty---thirtiethforty---fortiethfifty---fiftiethsixty---sixtieth
seventy---seventietheight---eightiethninety---ninetiethhundred---hundredth
钟的表示
在7:
15ataquarterpastseven/atsevenfifteen
在8:
30athalfpasteight/ateightthirty
在11:
45ataquartertotwelve/atelevenforty-five
在1:
58attwo(minutes)totwo/atonefifty-eight
半小时之内(包括半小时)常用介词past,半小时之后用介词to。
形容词和副词的用法及位置
在名词前作定语在系动词后作表语
1.Weshouldhave____ahealthydiet.(health)1.Hebecameveryangry(angrily).
2.Ilikethelovelybabyverymuch.(love)2.Chilliestastespicy(spice).
形容词作宾语补足语keep/make+sb./sth.+adj.
1.Weshouldkeeptheroom_________(clean).clean
2.Thisbadnewsmadehim__________(happy).unhappy
形容词的位置和成分:
1.在名词前作定语2.在系动词后作表语3.作宾语补足语(keep,make)
Howdowegetadverbs?
widely
wide
+
ly
especially
especial
extremely
extreme
completely
complete
truly
true
really
real
closely
close
quietly
quiet
immediately
immediate
excitedly
excited
adv.
adj.
completecompletelyaddly
heavyheavilyforadjsendinginy,changeytoiandaddly
well
good
形容词比较级的拼写规则
音节
原级
比较级
拼写规则
单
音
节
词
tall
taller
一般的词+er
safe
safer
以e结尾的词+r
fat
big
thin
hot
red
wet
fatter
bigger
thinner
hotter
redder
wetter
以重读闭音节结尾
双写最后辅音字母+er
拼写规则
双
healthy
healthier
以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,去y为变i+er
easy
easier
careful
morecareful
以-ful,less,ing,ed,
ly,ive,able等后缀结尾的词前加more
多音
节词
difficult
more
前加more
不规则变化
bad/ill-worsegood---bettermany/much---morelittle---less
形容词比较级的常用结构:
1)than2)AorB?
e.g.Thebookisheavierthanthatone.e.g.Whichisbigger,thesunorthemoon?
形容词的同级比较
1)as+原级+as:
和…一样…e.g.PeterisastallasMike.Thisshirtisascheapasthatone.
2)“不如…”
notas+原级+asnotso+原级+asless+原级+than
e.g.Myroomisnotas/sobigasyourroom.
Myroomislessbigthanyourroom.
原级、比较级之间的转换
Tomisn’tastallasSandy.
=Tomis________________Sandy.shorterthan
=Sandyis______________Tom.tallerthan
notso/as…as---比较级than
辨析:
介词in,on,at
地点:
in+大地点e.g.inBeijing/China
on+岛屿e.g.onLuckyIsland
at+小地点e.g.atthebus-stopattheairport
时间:
in+年份/季节/月份e.g.in2012/spring/May
on+具体某天/具体某天的某个时段e.g.onSaturday/onMondaymorning
at+钟点e.g.atsixo’clock
in+一个被包围的空间“在…里”
intheArtsandCraftsroom在美术劳技教室里inthehall在大厅里intheMusicroom在音乐教室里
onthe+序数词+楼层“在…楼上”onthesecondfloor在三楼onLuckyIsland在幸运岛上
at+较小的地方“在…”attheentrance在入口处attheairport在机场atthebus-stop在车站
其它介词(固定搭配):
1.getsth.fromsb.从某人那里得到某物farawayfrom远离
2.Iusuallygoshoppingwithher.与某人一起…
sharesth.withsb.与某人分享某物helpsb.withsth.在…方面帮助某人
3.belatefor…迟到;
forthefirsttime第一次waitfor等待cookfoodforpeople为人们烧吃的
makesth.forsb./buysth.forsb.为某人买/做某物
4.bekind/friendly/helpfultosb.对某人…sellthingstopeople买东西给人
showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.给某人看某物
5.lookat看着;
lookfor寻找;
lookafter照顾listento听着
6.gettospl.到达某地=arrivein/atspl.
7.bybus/car/ferry/undergroundonfootonthebus/underground/traininacar/taxi
8.onthe/one’swaytospl.在某人去某地的路上
onone’swayhere/there/home
9.intheclassroom,ontheroad,inthelibrary,
inthepark,walkonthegrass,runacrosstheroad,
ontheleft/right,inthemiddleof…,inthe
shoppingcentre
10.havesth.forbreakfast/lunch/dinner
inthesupermarket/market
inthefrozenfoodsectionatthefishstall
11.allkindsof+名词复数各种各样的differentkindsof+名词复数多种多样的
连系动词
感官动词:
taste,look,sound,feel,smell+adj.become(变得)+adj.
Shelookshappy.
Yourideasoundswonderful.
Hebecamefitandhealthy.
e.g.Jimmymadeamistake,hisfatherlooked__andhismotherlooked__athim.(angry)
常用情态动词
can,may,must,need,shall,will,should等,后面跟动词原形。
can可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测,意为“能,会,可以”;
can’t意为“不会,不能,不可以”。
may表示允许、也许,意为“可以,也许,可能”。
对may的一般问句的回答,肯定回答
是:
Yes,please./Certainly./Sure.等。
否定回答是:
No,youcan'
t./No,youmaynot.
must表示必须要做的事,意为“必须,应该”,具有强制性。
否定形式mustnot或mustn’t。
must一般问句的肯定回答用Yes,youmust.否定回答用No,youneedn’t.
shall,will用来征求对方意见,也可以用于一般将来时。
shall只用于第一人称,will适用于所有人称。
should为shall的过去式,有“应该”的意思,但语气比must弱,不具有强制性。
Need的用法
1)情态动词(用法与can,must,should一致)
肯定:
needdosth.(need不随人称变化)
否定:
needn’tdosth.
一般疑问:
Need…dosth.?
回答:
Yes,…need.(No,…needn’t.
e.g.Mikeneedreviewhislessonseveryday.
Youneedn’tworryabouthim.Hecandoitwell.
MustIdohomeworknow?
No,youneedn’t.
2)实义动词:
肯定:
needtodosth.needsth.
否定:
don’tneedtododon’tneedsth.
一般疑问:
Do…needtodo?
Do…needsth?
回答:
Yes,…do.Yes,…do.
No,…don’t.No,…don’t.
e.g.Heneedstobuysomefoodforthepicnic.
Wedon’tneedanymoney.