陕西中考时态和语态Word文档下载推荐.docx
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主语+V过去式
主语+was/were+V过分
过去进行时
过去时间内正发生的动作或存在的状态
atthistimeyesterday,justthen,at6:
00lastSunday,when+一般过去时
主语+was/were+V-ing
主语+was/were+being+V过分
过去完成时
过去已完成的动作
bytheendof+过去的时间,bythetime+一般过去时
主语+had+V过分
主语+had+been+V过分
一般将来时
将要发生的动作或将来的状态
tomorrow,nextweek,inthefuture,intwodays,in2100
主语+am/is/aregoingto+V原形,或主语+will+V原形
主语+willbe+V过分
过去将来时
过去时间内将要发生的动作或存在的状态
常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句
主语+was/were+goingto+V原形,或主语+would+V原形
主语+would+be+V过分
现在完成进行时
过去的动作一直延续到现在
“since+时间点/从句/时间点ago”或“for+时间段”
主语+have/has+been+V-ing
含情态动词
can/may/must等+V原形
can/may/must等+be+V过分
考点1一般现在时有哪些特殊用法?
(1)
(2)
(3)
【活学活用】
1、Threeplustwo_________(be)five.
2、Theteachersaidthatlight______________(travel)fasterthansound.
3、Ifyou____________(ask)hertomorrow,shewillhelpyou.
考点2如何使用usedto?
“过去常常”“习惯做某事”
/“被用来……”
1、Sheusedtoplayneartheriver.(改为否定句)
__________________________________________________________________________
2、Thechildrendidn’tusetocomehereearly,_____________________?
(补全反意疑问句)
考点3一般将来时有哪些形式?
考点4现在完成时和一般过去时有什么区别?
二者表示的动作都在过去发生。
现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响和结果,不能与表示过去的时间状语连用;
一般过去时只表示过去的事实,与现在没有关系。
1.—你做作业了吗?
—做了。
2.—什么时候做的?
—昨天晚上。
考点5havebeento,havebeenin和havegoneto有何区别?
havebeenin表示______________;
havebeento表示______________,常与ever,never,…before,once,twice等连用;
havegoneto表示______________。
1、Tim___________________out.He’llbebackinanhour.
2、Jim___________________thiscityfortwoyears.
3、__________youever____________Jinan?
Ithassomefamoussprings.
考点6现在完成时的句子,谓语何时用瞬间动词,何时用延续动词?
若表示持续性的动作,常与表示一段时间的状语如thesedays,inthepastfewyears,duringthelastthreemonths,fortwoyears,sofar,uptonow,tillnow等连用。
注意:
瞬间动词不能与持续性的完成时连用,必须改为延续动词,记住下面的瞬间动词与延续动词的换用:
1、I__________________(buy)thisbicycleforfiveyears.
2、Youcan________________(borrow)itfortwodays.
3、Thefilm________________(begin)forfiveminutes.
4、Howlong______________you_________________(go)thisschool?
5、Theoldman___________________(die)since2000.
6.Theygotmarriedtwoyearsago.=It_______________________sincetheygotmarried.
7、Wecametothisschoolthreeyearsago.
=We__________________________thisschool__________threeyears.
1、动词变动词:
buy→have,borrow→keep
2、变为“be+adj./adv.”:
begin→beon,close/open→beclosed/open,die→bedead,finish→beover,getup→beup,marry→bemarried,go→beoff,come→behere,return→beback,arrive→behere
3、变为“be+介词短语”:
come/go→bein/at,join→bein(或“be+成员”),puton→wear(或bein)
考点7如何将主动语态变为被动语态?
主动句变为被动句的方法是:
一看动词,二换主语,三变谓语。
1、主动句有双宾语,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,但若将直接宾语用作主语,后面要使用___________引出间接宾语。
Hegavemeabookyesterday.→Iwasgivenabookyesterday./Abookwasgiventomeyesterday.
2、动词短语是一个不可分的整体,变化时不能丢掉介词或副词。
Youshouldspeaktomepolitely.→Ishouldbespokentopolitely.(to不可少)
3、带宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时,宾补在原位置不动。
Isawamanplayingbasketballthere.→Amanwasseenplayingbasketballthere.
4、在主动句中某些动词后的不定式可省略to,但在被动句中to要补出。
Ourparentsmakeusstudyhard.→Wearemadetostudyhard.
【活学活用】将下面句子的主动语态变为被动语态
1、Thestudentscleantheroomeveryday.
2、Shegavemetwentyyuanlastweek.
3、Thegirlhastakencareoftheblindmenforfiveyears.
考点8哪些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义?
1、系动词,如look,feel,taste,smell等。
Themusicsoundsbeautiful.这音乐听起来很美。
2、sell,write,drive等词作不及物动词,其主语为物时。
Thiskindofclothessellswell.这种衣服卖得很好。
3、在beworthdoingsth.中的doing。
Thebasketballmatchiswellworthwatching.这场篮球赛很值得看。
4、在need,want,require等表示“需要”的动词后接V-ing形式表示被动意义,相当于tobedone。
Mykitewantsmending.我的风筝需修理。
1、Thiskindoffood_______________(smell)hot.
2、Thelatestmodelcars________________(sell)well.
3、Theball-pen_________________(write)smoothly.
4、Thebookisworth______________(read).
5、Yourhairwants_____________(cut).
考点9被动语态有哪些习惯用法?
据说……__________________________众所周知……__________________________
据报道……__________________________大家相信……__________________________
专练根据汉语提示,用适当的词填空,完成下面的句子
1、____________________________(据说)wewillhaveanEnglishexamtomorrow.
2、____________________________(众所周知)mostfamilieshaveonebikeatleast.
3、____________________________(大家相信)ourgovernmentwillsolvethisproblem.
随堂练习
7.I_____scaredofdogseversinceadoghurtmewhenIwasfiveyearsold.
A.willbeB.wasC.havebeenD.wouldbe
5.-BenandSuearen’thome,arethey?
-No.They_____toLondononbusiness.
A.havegoneB.goC.havebeenD.willgo
18.-Whydidthecarhittheboy?
-Becausethedriver_____onthephoneatthattime.
A.talkB.istalkingC.wastalkingD.havetalked
6.MissBrown,we_____cleaningourclassroom.Canwegohomenow?
A.finishB.finishingC.arefinishedD.havefinished
10.-Icalledyouathalfpastninethismorning,buttherewasnoanswer.
-Oh,sorry.I_____withmycousininthesupermarket.
A.shoppingB.wasshoppingC.shoppedD.willshop
9.-Doyouhaveanyplansfortonight?
-Yes,I_____atthenewItalianrestaurantintown.
A.eatB.haveeatenC.ateD.amgoingtoeat
9.PremierZhouEnlai_____formanyyears,hestilllivesintheheartsofChinesepeople.
A.diedB.wasdiedC.hasbeendiedD.hasbeendead
10.Marywithherparentsoften_____forawalkintheparkaftersupper.
A.goB.isgoingC.aregoingD.goes
11.We_____somerobotsathomeinthefuture,andthere_____someintheoffice,too.
A.willhave;
willhaveB.have;
willbeC.willhave;
willbeD.willhave;
are
6.-Ourclassmateswenttoaconcertyesterdayafternoon.
-Whatapity!
I_____myhomework.
A.haddoneB.wasdoingC.amdoingD.woulddo
5.Stopsmoking,Joe!
You_____yourselfifyoukeepondoingitlikethat!
A.willkillB.havekilledC.killD.killed
8.-HaveyouwatchedthenewmovieJurassicworld,Steven?
-Notyet.I_____itwithmycousinthisevening.
A.willwatchB.waswatchingC.watchedD.havewatched
9.Toomanypeoplewereabsent.Thechairpersonwarnedthathe_____themeetingifnecessary.
A.wouldcancelB.cancelledC.wouldstarD.started
13.Motheroftentellsme,“Ihopeyou_____whatI_____youtodoatschool!
”
A.won’tforget;
havetoldB.don’tforget;
willtell
C.didn’tforget;
tellD.haven’tforgotten;
amtelling
4.Pleasewait.She_____toyouinafewminutes.
A.talkB.talkedC.havetalkedD.willtalk
17.-Whenshallwebeginourmeeting?
-We’llbeginitwhenHelen_____.
A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.come
5.-Lily,willyougotoJenny’sbirthdaypartythisSaturday?
-I’mnotsure.BecauseI_____sofar.
A.haven’tinvitedB.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tbeeninvitedD.willbeinvited
10.Youcan’twearshoesinside
thisplace.It_____.
A.doesn’tallowB.isn’tallowedC.hasn’tallowedD.wasn’tallowed
5.—How
long
have
you
had
the
computer?
—For
two
weeks.
My
father________it
for
me
as
my
birthday
gift.
A.buys
B.will
buy
C.bought
D.is
buying
8.It
is
so
pity
that
we______hear
Yao
Beina'
s
beautiful
voice
any
more.
A.hasn'
t
B.didn'
C.hadn'
D.won'
4.—Did
and
your
sister
go
to
Susan'
party
yesterday?
—No.
Neither
of
us________.
A.invited
B.is
invited
C.was
invited
D.invites
5.A
speech
on
Chinese
history________in
school
hall
next
week.
A.is
given
B.has
been
given
C.will
be
D.gives
6