《最新英美概况》练习参考答案解析美国部分Word文件下载.docx

《最新英美概况》练习参考答案解析美国部分Word文件下载.docx

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2.theStarsandtheStripes,OldGlory,theStar-SpangledBanner.

3.TheWhiteHouse,TheCapitol,ThePentagon.

4.June,14th,June14th.

5.thePotomac,nostate,theFederalgovernment.

6.36,36states.

7.AmerigoVespucci,AmericanWarofIndependence.

8.PierreL’Enfant,light,service.

IIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.

1.C2.D3.C4.ABCD5.CD

IIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:

1.F2.F3.T4.F5.T

IVAnswerthefollowingquestions.

1.

（1）AtfirsttheContinentwasnamedas“America”afterexplorerAmerigoVespucci.

（2）DuringtheAmericanWarofIndependence,theformerBritishcoloniesfirstused“thethirteenunitedStatesofAmerica”intheDeclarationofIndependence.

（3）TheofficialnameofAmericawasadoptedonNovember15,1777,whentheSecondContinentalCongresspassedtheArticlesofConfederation.

2.The50starsrepresentthe50States,whilethe13stripesrepresenttheoriginalthirteencolonies.

Whiteindicatespurityandinnocence;

redindicatesvalourandbravery,andbluesymbolizesvigilance,perseveranceandjustice;

itisalsoasymbolofrespecttoGod.

3.Thestarsandstripshavedifferentmeanings.

EachstarrepresentseachstateinAmerica,whilestripsrepresenttheoriginalthirteen

coloniesbeforetheindependenceofAmerica.

4.

（1）Thelyricsofthenationalanthemcomefrom“DefenseofFortMcHenry”,apoemwrittenduringtheWarof1812.

ThepoemwassettothetuneofapopularBritishdrinkingsong,“TheAnacreontic

Song”（or“ToAnacreoninHeaven”）.

（2）TheStar-SpangledBannerwasusedofficiallybytheNavyin1889,andwasmadethenationalanthembycongressonMarch3,1931,whichwassignedbyPresidentHerbertHoover.

5.TheWhiteHousewasbuiltin1792anditsoriginalcolorwasgrey.

DuringtheWarof1812,itwasbadlydamagedbytheBritishtroops,andin1814itwasrepaintedwhite.

PresidentRooseveltnamedit“WhiteHouse”inthe1940s.

P.213

1.thecentralpartof,MexicoandGulfofMexico,east,west.

2.48,Hawaii,Alaska.

3.theRioGrande,Pacific.

4.9,629,091,thethird,Canada.

5.Alaska,Texas.

6.Arctic,glaciers.

IIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:

1.T2.T3.T4.F5.F

IIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.

1.

（1）TheAtlanticcoast,thePacificcoastandHawaiiprovideconvenientsearoutesforforeigntrade.

（2）Thelongcoastlinewithmanyharborsandinletsprovidesfavorableconditionsforforeigntradeandthefishingindustry.

（3）MainlandAmerica,mainlywithinthenortherntemperatezone,isfavorableforagriculture.

2.TheU.S.andCanadasharethe“world'

slongestundefendedborder.”TheborderwasdemilitarizedaftertheWarof1812andhasremainedpeaceful.MilitarycollaborationbeganduringWorldWarIIandcontinuedthroughouttheColdWaronbothabilateralbasisandamultilateralrelationshipthroughNATO.BothcountriesareNATOmembersandhavehighmilitaryinterdependency,inparticular,duringtheColdWaragainstSovietthreat.

TodayCanadiansandAmericansareincloseculturalproximity,sharingthesamelanguage,similarreligionandpoliticalsystemsaswellasmanyvalues.

Theireconomicrelationsaresoclose（theyhavebeeneachother’sNo.1tradingpartnerforyears）thatthetwocountrieshaveestablishedtheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement,theworld’slargestfree-tradezone.Bothenjoythemostdevelopedandrichesteconomiesintheworldaswellasacomparablestandardofliving（Canada’swelfaresystemisevenmorecomprehensiveandcoversmorewidely）.

Toguardtheover8000-kilometerlonglandborderisnotonlyexpensivebutalsounnecessary（inasense,impossible,becauseitistoolong）,becauseneitherpeopleworrythattheirneighborswouldcrosstheborderonalargescaleorstayintheircountryforalongtime.

3.TheborderbetweentheU.S.andMexicoisheavilyguarded（mostlyontheAmericanside）againstillegalimmigrantsenteringtheU.S.whilepeoplecanenterMexicofreely.Thecauseismostlyeconomicratherthanpolitical.ThereisahugedisparityinthestandardoflivingbetweentheU.S.andMexicowhosepercapitaGDPisonlyabout20%thatoftheU.S.（2012WorldBankstatistics）.ItisestimatedsixoutoftheelevenmillionillegalimmigrantslivingintheU.S.areMexicans,andmillionsmoreplantoentertheU.S.TheytrytobenefitfromtheAmericanbusinessorjobopportunitiesorfromtheAmericanwelfaresystemoreventoengageindrug-traffickingandsmuggling.Anotherpurposeistocombatcrimeandterrorism,particularlyafterthe9.11terroristattacks.TheU.S.-Mexicanborderareaswitnessthemostseriousdrug-traffickingandgangviolenceintheworld.SomeMexicans,inparticularthosehauntedbytheseriousdrug-relatedviolenceinrecentyears,trytoescapefromtheviolenceinMexicobymovingtotheU.S.Inaword,iftheUS-MexicoborderisopenandunguardedastheU.S.-Canadaborder,therewouldbemillionsofMexicanstryingtomigratetoAmericasothattheconsequentproblemswouldbeverydifficultfortheU.S.dealwith.

4.Alaska,facingRussiaacrossBeringStrait,islocatedbetweentheArcticandPacificoceans,soit’simportantforstrategicpositionandtransportation.

5.Hawaii,likeachainofbeads,islocatedinthecentralPacificOcean,thebestplacetoenjoytheoceanicscenery.

Itisfamousfornaturalscenery:

whitebeach,bluesky,andpalmtrees,etc.

ThefamousPacificFleetislocatedatPearlHarbor,OahuIsland.

P.221—222

1.LakeSuperior,Erie,Ontario.

2.ColumbiaPlateau,theGreatCanyon.

3.theRockies,thefatherofwaters.

4.dairyfarming,Harvard,Yale,MIT.

5.DeathValley,GreatSaltLake.

6.38,YellowstoneNationalPark,OldFaithful.

7.4,800,BritishColumbia,thebackboneofthecontinent,Mt.Elbert.

8.HooverDam,TheRioGrande,Ruhr.

9.half,“BarnofAmerica”,GreatLakes.

10.dividingline,LakeErie,NewYork.

1.ABC2.D3.AD4.AB5.D

1.F2.T3.F4.T5.T

1.NewEnglandisaregioninthenortheasterncorneroftheUnitedStatesconsistingofthesixstatesofMaine,NewHampshire,Vermont,Massachusetts,RhodeIsland,andConnecticut,wheretheearliestEnglishsettlementsinNorthAmericawasmade.

Inthelate18thcentury,theNewEnglandColoniesinitiatedtheresistancetotheBritishParliament'

seffortstoimposenewtaxeswithouttheconsentofthecolonists.TheconfrontationledtotheDeclarationofIndependenceinJuly1776,whichresultedintheWarofAmericanIndependencethatbroughtaboutthebirthoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.

2.TheAppalachiansholdsonesixthofthecontinentalterritory.Themountainsarerelativelylow,andtheaveragealtitudeisonly800metershigh.

Theseoldmountainswithroundedtopsandwoodedhills,andhavemuchbeautifulsceneryandmanytouristresorts.

3.ItisthemostimportantandlongestriverintheUS.Itflowsabout6,400km.fromtheRockiestotheGulfofMexico,andthefourthlongestriverintheworld.

Withhundredsoftributaries,theriverisknownas“thefatherofwaters”.ThechieftributariesaretheMissouriRiver,theOhioRiver,andtheArkansas,etc.

4.Theyarethelargestlakegroupintheworldandcontainabouthalfoftheworld’sfreshwater.Allthefivelakesareinter-connected,reachingtheAtlanticbywayoftheSt.LawrenceRiver.TheyaretheimportanteconomiclifelineoftheMidwest.

Theworld-famousNiagaraFallsalsoattractsnumerousvisitors.

5.TheGreatPlainstretchesfromthewestoftheMississippitotheRockies,andcoversadistanceofabout6,400kilometers.Thelandisflatandopen,andisoriginallycoveredwithrichprairiegrass,butnotrees.Todaytheareaisstillacattlecountry.Muchofthenation’swheatisgrownhere,thereforetheareaisknownasthe“breadbasket”ofAmerica.

TheGrandCanyonislocatedinColoradoPlateau,andiscutbyColoradoRiver.Itisoneofthegreatnaturalwondersoftheworld,andissetupasnationalpark.Itmeasuresabout277mileslong,upto18mileswidebetweenthetopsofitssteepwalls,andmorethanamiledeep.

P.224--225

1.little,63%.

2.theCentralPlains,theRockies,electricity.

3.Bingham.

4.1/3,Washington,Oregon.

5.GulfofMexico,Okalahoma.

6.gold,gold,GoldRush.

II.Respondtothefollowingitems.

1.Americaisrichinwaterresources.Asawholethecountryhaslittletroublewithwatershortage.ExceptforthedesertregionsaroundthesouthernRockies,therearelargesuppliesoffreshwaterandnumerousfertilevalleys.

2.About1/3ofAmericaiscoveredwithforests.ThegreatestvirginforestsareinthestatesofWashingtonandOregon.Americahasabout500millionacresofcommercialforestsandabout75%ofcommercialtimberisproducedintheeasternpartofthecountry.

3.In1848,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.Thenewssoonspreadout,andthousandsofimmigrantsfromaroundtheworldinvadedtheGoldCountryofCalifornia.Thepeakoftherushwasin1849,thusthemanyimmigrantsbecameknownasthe'

49ers.

4.CoaldepositsarewidelydistributedinAmerica,andmostc