英文解说词Word文件下载.docx

英文解说词Word文件下载.docx

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Xi’anwasthecapitalof13DynastiesinancientChina.AsthestartingpointoftheSilkRoad,Xi’anbecameaninternationalcity,especiallyduringtheTangDynasty.ThesocietyoftheTangDynastywaswealthyandpeoplewereveryopenminded.Theywelcomeddifferentcultures,artsandreligions.Theworld’stwomajorreligionswereintroducedtoChinaduringtheTangDynasty:

ChristianityandIslam..

Islamwasfoundedintheearly7thcenturyADbytheArabprophet,Muhammad.ThewordIslammeanssubmission.Todayitisthesecondlargestreligionwithalmostabillionbelieversintheworld.Onepersonoutofevery5to6todayfollowsIslamandiscalledaMuslim.Muslimsaredividedintotwobranches:

SunnisandShiites.About90%ofallMuslimsareSunnis.ChineseMuslimsbelongtotheSunnisect.

IslamwasintroducedtoChinabymerchants,travelersandmissionariesfromArabiccountries,Persia,andAfghanistanbylandovertheSilkRoadandalsobysea.MuslimmenmarriedlocalChinesewomen,settleddown,andtheirchildrenbecamethefirstgenerationofChineseMuslims.WecallthemHuipeople.TodaytheMuslimpopulationinChinaisabout20millions.Xi’anhasapproximately70,000Mulims.

TheGreatMosqueatHuajueLaneisamajorworshipplaceforMuslimsanditisfamousforitsuniqueness:

First,itisthelargestandthebestpreservedamongofthefourteenmosquesinXi’an.ItisbelievedtohavebeenbuiltduringtheTangDynastymakingitoneoftheealiest.

Second,architecturally,themosquedoesnotlookliketheArabicmosques.ItresemblesaChinesetempleorgardenofthetraditionalMing-QingDynastystyle.Arabicletteringsandscripturesarecarvedonthewalls.

Third:

UnliketraditionalChinesetempleswhichalwaysopenthedoortothesouth,thedooroftheGreatMosqueopenstotheeast.

Nowlet’sgointothefirstcourtyardtohavealook.

HerewecanseeawoodenMemorialArch.Accordingtothestonetabletskeptinthemuseum,wecanseethismosquewasbuiltintheTangDynasty.Butaccordingtothearchitecturalfeaturesinsidethegreatmosque,somescholarsconcludethatthismosquewasbuiltintheMingDynasty.InancienttimesMemorialArcheswerealandmarkofimportantplacessuchastemples,parks,andpalaces.Amemorialarchmightalsobebuilttohonororcommemorateadistinguishedperson.

InthemiddleofthesecondcourtyardthereisastonearchwaycarvedwithfourChinesecharacterswhichmeansGodiswatchingabove.Oneithersideofthearchwaytherearetwotablets.TheoneontherightwaswrittenbyaveryfamousMuslimcalligrapher,Mifu,oftheSongDynasty.Itsays“Maythetruthbefulfilledintheuniverse”.Theonetotheleftwaswrittenbyanotherfamouscalligrapher,DongQichang,intheMingDynasty.

Next,wewillvisitthethirdcourtyard.LockedinthewoodencaseattheentrancetothethirdcourtyardisastonetabletcalledtheMoontabletortheMonthTablet.ItwascompiledbyXiaoXinningwhowasinchargeofthismosquein1732.ItisacalculationoftheHuicalendarinArabicandinformsbelieversofRamadan.Muslimsarerequiredtofastbetweensunriseandsunsetinthe9thmonthoftheyear.ThistabletisatreasureoftheGreatMosque.

Inthemiddleofthethirdcourtyard,thereisathree-storytowerthatlookslikeatraditionalpagoda.IthasthesamefunctionastheminaretinArabiccountries.ItisfromthistowerthattheImamorMuezzinsummonsthefaithfultoprayer.

Herewecanalsoseeimportantstructures---theWaterHouseswhereMuslimmustcleantheirbodybeforetheyattendtheirservices.Thebodycleaningcanbedividedintotwokinds:

themajoroblationandtheminoroblation.Themajoroblationmeans,peopleneedusecleanwatertobathethemselves,andtheminoroblationmeansifthebelieverscomefromaplacewithoutwater,theycanusethesandtowashthemselves.

Nowwegettothelastcourtyard.ThestructureinfrontofusisthePhoenixPavilion.Thisiswhereworshiperswaitforservices.Therearethreepartstothepavilionwhichisthoughttoresembleaflyingphoenix,henceitsname.OntopofthemiddleparttherearetwoChinesecharacters,“Yizhen”,means“onetruth”.Muslimsbelievethattheirbeliefistheonlytruthintheworld.TheyrecitetheShahaba,whichstatesthat“thereisnoGodbutAllah,andMuhammadistheProphetofAllah.”

Now,let’swalktotheendofthelastcourtyard.HereisthePrayerHalloftheMosque.Itislargeenoughtoholdover1000worshipers.Theceilingispaintedwithover600reliefpanels.ThewallsontheinsideofthehallarepaintedwiththescriptureoftheKoraninbothArabicletteringsandChinesecharacters.Outsideofthehall,therearetheclockswhichstrikefivetimesperday,asMuslimsprayfivetimeseveryday.Theycanprayanywhere,onetheplane,inthestreet,orathome.TheydothecommunalprayeronFridayattheMosque.Womenareseparatedinprayerandarenotallowedinthishall.TheShrineisatthewestendofthehallbecauseMeccaislocatedtothewestofChina.Muslimsalwaysfacethedirectionoftheirholycity,Mecca,whiletheyarepraying.Therefore,allmosquesinChinaopentheirdoorstotheeastandworshiperspraytothewest.

Ladiesandgentlemen,IhopeyouhaveenjoyedmyintroductiontotheGreatMosqueatHuajueLane.Nowwewillhave30minutestowalkaroundandtakesomepictures.Wewillleaveat11o’clockandIwillwaitforyouinthefirstcourtyard.Enjoyyourself,andthankyouforlistening~

2.MuseumofForestofStoneTabletsinXi’an

Goodmorning,Ladiesandgentlemen.TodaywearegoingtovisitthetreasurehouseofancientcalligraphyandstonecarvingartofChina,theMuseumofForestofStoneTablets,whichislocatedatthesiteofConfuciantempleinSanXueStreet,Xi’an.Thismuseumwassetupin1087anditcollectedmorethan3000stonetabletsfromtheHandynastythroughtheQingdynasty.Thewholeareaconsistsof3parts:

Confuciantemple,exhibitionofstonetabletsandstonecarvings.//总述

HerewecanseethismuseumisverybeautifulbecauseitusedthetraditionChinesecourtyardstyle.Socomparedwithotherplaces,thismuseumisalwaysquitepeacefulandverysilence.NowI’dliketotakethistempleasanexampletotalkalittlebitaboutConfucian,thegreatphilosopher,educationist,politicianinfeudalsociety.AndhewashighlyrespectedbyChinese.Inordertoshowtherespectforhim,alltheConfuciantemplehavenogatefacingsouth,asthisoneshowingonlythegateopentotheeastandwestwhatwecalledthegateofrighteousnessandcourtesyrespectively.//简介孔子

Ok,nowthiswayplease.Insidethismuseum,wecanseeawoodenMemorialarchstandinghere;

itsChinesenameis“PaiLou”.Itissetuptohonororcommemorateadistinguishedperson;

aswecontinueourwalking,nowweareonthebridgeoverpondinhalfcirclewhichisspecialstructureofConfuciantemple,intheancienttimeonlythosestudentswhopassedstateexaminationwouldbeallowedtopasshere.//太和元气坊，畔池

Nowlet’sgothroughthestonegateinthemiddlewhichwasonlyforhighranksinthepast.Herewecanseetwonationaltreasures.OnthewestsidethereisastonehorsewhichwasoneoffewrelicsofDaXiashortperiod.TheDaxiaperiodisaveryshortperiodinChinesehistory,andtherearelotsofwarsatthattime.It’sdifficulttofindrelicsofthistime,soit’sveryprecious.IntheeastpavilionthereistheJingYunBellwhichwascastin711ADandwasmovedherefromJingLongTaoisttemple.ThisBellisuniquein3aspects:

first:

ithasexquisitelycarvingwithphoenixanddragons.Second,ithasbeautifulsoundwhichwasrecordedbyCCTVandwasplayedonNewYears’evetowelcometheNewYear’scoming.Third,ithasuniqueepigraph.//大夏石马，景云钟

Nowwearegoingtovisit7majorstonetabletexhibitionrooms.Infrontofthefirstexhibitionroom,wecanseethestone-baseClassicofFilialpietywhichisthelargestandearliestoneinthismuseum.Itstandsabout6metershighandwasmadeupof35piecesofbluestones.Itwasengravedin745ADandannotatedbyLiLongJi（the7themperorofTangdynasty）.HewrotetheprefacetoshowhiswishtomanagethecountrybyadvocatingtheprinciplesofFilialpiety.//石台孝经

Inthefirstroom,let’sseethemostcompletedandheaviestbooksintheworld“TheKaiChengstoneClassics”whichwasthedoctrineoftheConfuciusand“mustreadings”foralltheintellectualsinfeudalsociety.Inthepast,copyingwasthepopularwayforstudentswhostudythedoctrines.Topreventcopyingerrors,emperorTangWenzongemployedmanysculptorstocarvethe12classicsonstonetabletsforthestudentstogettherubbingsfromthem.Withanotherclassic“Mencius”carvedinQingdynastytogetherwecall“13classics”.//开成石经

Inthesecondroom,wecanseemanystonetabletsofcalligraphyinTangdynasty.AndthemostfamousoneistheNestorianTablet.Thistabletisalsoanationaltreasure,asitwasthefirstoneinSyriancharactersthatrecordedNestorians（onesectofChristianity）wasintroducedintoChinafromRomanEmpirein635AD.Itdescribesitsessence,ceremony,andactivitiesinChina.//大秦景教流行中国碑

Inthethirdroom,variousstyleofChinesecalligraphycanbeseenonstonetabletssuchasthesealscript,theofficialscript,regularscript,runninghandandcursivehand.LetmegiveyouverybriefintroductionofthedevelopmentofChinesecharacters.ThesealscriptswereonlypopularinQindynasty,and