样题1.docx

样题1.docx

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样题1

广东外语外贸大学国际经贸学院

时间：

2小时

班级学号姓名成绩

I.Pleaseexplainthefollowingdefinitions.（3foreach,totally15）

1.Stolper-Samuelsontheorem

2.internaleconomies

3.effectivetariffrate

4.tradecreation

5.Thelawofcomparativeadvantage:

II.DrawingFigureswithoutexplanations.（5foreach,totally20）

1.（5）TheEffectsofanImportQuotaunderMonopolistConditions

2.（5）Rybczynshitheorem

3.（5）DifferentTastesasaBasisForTrade

（即需求偏好不同所导致的国际贸易）

4.（5）Dumping

III.Brieflyansweringthefollowquestion.（10foreach,totally20.）

1.（10）Theconceptandconditionsnecessaryforimmiserizinggrowth.

2.（10）Describingthechangesofthefactorintensityduringtheproductcycle.

IV.Calculation.（totally15）

1.（5）Assumption:

USisalargecountryinimportingsteel.Thereissameelastisitybothimportingdemandcurveandexportingsupplycurve.（进口需求曲线和出口供给曲线的弹性相同）。

Infreetrade,USimportedsteel100tonsinthepriceof$100perton.NowUSimposed$20tariffonimportingsteel,andimported67tons.

Question:

whatisthegainofUSfromtheimportingtariff?

whatisthenetlossofthewholeworld?

2.（10）Infreetrade,steelpriceis$1000perunit,includingcoke（焦炭）400andironore（铁矿石）500.

BeforeenteringWTO,theimportingtariffsare100%,50%and50%.

AfterenteringWTO,theimportingtariffsarereducedto5%（coke），6%（ironore）。

Question:

AfterenteringWTO,whatwillbethetariffrateofsteelinordertokeepERPconstant?

（入世后，要保持与入世前相同的有效保护率，钢铁的进口税率是多少？

）

V.Answerthefollowingquestionindetails.（15foreach,totally30）

1.（15）DescribingtheimpactsofdecreasingtariffratesonChina?

2.（15）DescribingtheimpactsofTBT（技术性贸易壁垒）ontheChineseexportingfirms?

（negativeandpositive）

广东外语外贸大学国际经贸学院

《国际贸易》2010—2011学年第一学期期末考试A卷评分标准

考核对象：

09级金融经济保险各班时间：

2小时

班级学号姓名成绩

I.Pleaseexplainthefollowingdefinitions.（3foreach,totally15）

1.Stolper-Samuelsontheorem

TheStolper--Samuelsontheorem:

freetraderaisesthereturnstothefactorusedintensivelyintherising-priceindustry（land）andlowersthereturnsofthefactorusedintensivelyinthefalling-priceindustry（labor）,regardlessofwhichgoodsthesellersofthetwofactorsprefertoconsume.

Or:

freetradereducestherealincomeofthenation’srelativelyscarcefactorandincreasestherealincomeofthenation’srelativelyabundantfactor.

2.internaleconomies

Inthecaseofinternaleconomies,expandingthefirm'sownscaleofproductionraisesitsproductivityandcutitsaveragecost.

3.effectivetariffrate

theREPisdefinedasthepercentagechangeinthevalueaddedinanindustrybecauseoftheimpositionofatariffstructurebythecountryratherthantheexistenceoffreetrade.

4.tradecreation

Tradecreationtakesplacewhenevereconomicintegrationleadstoashiftinproductoriginfromahigher-resource-costdomesticproducertoalower-resource-costmemberproducer.Thisincreaseswelfare.

5.Thelawofcomparativeadvantage:

comparativeadvantagecomesfromtherelativedifferenceofproductivitiesbasedontherelativedifferenceoftechnologies.Anationshouldproduceandexportthecommoditiesofcomparativeadvantage,andimportthecommoditiesofcomparativedisadvantage.

II.DrawingFigureswithoutexplanations.（5foreach,totally20）

1.（5）TheEffectsofanImportQuotaunderMonopolistConditions

Quota

PQ

Pw+t

bdd

Pw

MR

D’D

S0StD2D1D0

2.（5）Rybczynshitheorem

GoodA（K-intensive）（PB/PA）

A0

A1

B0B1GoodB

（L-intensive）

注：

该题也可以使用教材中110页的盒型图。

3.（5）DifferentTastesasaBasisForTrade

（即需求偏好不同所导致的国际贸易）（也可以使用99页的图形）

C`

b

C

beef

h

G

K`

K

wine

4.（5）Dumping

国内市场

国外市场.

Pd

Pd

MCMC

DD

MRMR

Qd

注：

该题也可以使用教材中90页的图型。

III.Brieflyansweringthefollowquestion.（10foreach,totally20.）

1.Theconditionsnecessaryforimmiserizinggrowth.

（1）Thecountry'sgrowthmustbebiasedtowardtheexportsector.

（2）Theforeigndemandforthecountry'sexportmustbepriceinelastic,sothatanexpansioninexportsupplyleadstoalargedropinprice.

（3）ThecountrymustalreadybeheavilyengagedintradeforthewelfaremeaningofthedropintheTOTtobegreatenoughtooffsetthegainsfrombeingabletosupplymore.

（4）Itisalargecountrycase.

2.（10）Describingthechangesofthefactorintensityduringtheproductcycle.

Astheproductmovesthroughitslifecycle,thefactorproportionswillchangeinasystematicfashion.

1.Thenew-productstagedependsonscientists,engineers,andotherhighlyskilledlabor.Inthisstage,productionistechnology-intensiveratherthancapital-intensive.

2.Inthegrowth-productstage,thefactorinputsshiftfromskilledtosemiskilledlabor,andfromtechnology-intensivetocapital-intensive.

3.Inthethirdandforthstage,laborskillsbecomerelativelyunimportant,andproductionbecomesmorecapital-intensiveorlabor-intensive.

IV.Calculation.（totally15）

1.（5）Assumption:

USisalargecountryinimportingsteel.Thereissameelastisitybothimportingdemandcurveandexportingsupplycurve.（进口需求曲线和出口供给曲线的弹性相同）。

Infreetrade,USimportedsteel100tonsinthepriceof$100perton.NowUSimposed$20tariffonimportingsteel,andimported67tons.

Question:

whatisthegainofUSfromtheimportingtariff?

whatisthenetlossofthewholeworld?

S

110

100b+d

90ef

D

067100Q

e-（b+d）=670–165=505

Thenetlossofthewholeworld=b+d+f=330

2.（10）Infreetrade,steelpriceis$1000perunit,includingcoke（焦炭）400andironore（铁矿石）500.

BeforeenteringWTO,theimportingtariffsare100%,50%and50%.

AfterenteringWTO,theimportingtariffsarereducedto5%（coke），6%（ironore）。

Question:

AfterenteringWTO,whatwillbethetariffrateofsteelinordertokeepERPconstant?

（入世后，要保持与入世前相同的有效保护率，钢铁的进口税率是多少？

）

Before:

V’=1000×（1+100%）–400×（1+50%）–500×（1+50%）=650

V=1000–400–500=100

REP=（650–100）÷100=5.5（第一步做对7分）

After:

supposethetariffrateofsteelisx,

〔1000×（1+x%）–400×（1+5%）–500×（1+6%）–100〕÷100=5.5

x=60%（第二步做对3分）。

（注：

也可以使用教材164页的公式计算，结果是一样的。

）

V.Answerthefollowingquestionindetails.（15foreach,totally30）

1.（15）DescribingtheimpactsofdecreasingtariffratesonChina?

1.Decreasingthepricesofimportedgoodsandincreasingconsumersurplus.

2.Decreasingthepricesofimportedmediagoodsanddecreasingtheproduct’scostsdomestically.

3.Decreasingthepricesofimportedtechnology.

4.Decreasingthetradefrictionwithothers.

5.Producingpressuresondomesticindustriesandunemployment.

2.（15）DescribingtheimpactsofTBT（技术性贸易壁垒）ontheChineseexportingfirms?

（negativeandpositive）

Thenegativeimpactsincludetwoparts.

a）itisimpossibleforChineseproductstocomeintoforeignmarkets.

b）TBTincreasedthecostsofexportingproducts,anddecreasedthecompetitionofChineseproducts.

Thepositiveimpactsinclude:

itisusefulforourfirmstoimprovetechnology,industrystructures,andincrease“greenconsumption”ideas.