初三 语态情态动词5文档格式.docx

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初三 语态情态动词5文档格式.docx

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。

Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

1.TheymaketrainsinZhuzhou.()

TrainsaremadeinZhuzhou.()

2.Thefarmersgrowcottoneveryyear.()

Cottonisgrownbythefarmerseveryyear.()

二)被动语态

一般现在时被动语态的构成:

主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词

动词过去分词的构成规则(与动词过去式构成规则一样):

1、一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,lookedplayed

2、结尾是e的动词加-d,livedused

3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写

这个辅音字母,再加-ed,plannedtripped

4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”,再

加-ed,study---studied,carry---carried

不规则的过去分词要牢记

sing----sang----sungbuild----built----built

写出下列动词的过去式,过去分词:

1、speak()2、use()

3、make()4、write()

5、grow()6、plant()

7、produce()8、ask()

9、plan()10、send()

11、build()12、invite()

三)主动语态变被动语态的步骤:

1、

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

 

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。

主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;

e.gmanypeoplespeakEnglish.

English.isspokenbymanypeople.

1.Allthepeoplelaughedathim.

  Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.

  2.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.

  Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.

  3.Hecutdownatree.

  Atreewascutdownbyhim.

练习:

把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子:

1、TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.(English….)

2、Peopleusewoodformakingtables.(wood….)

3、ThemakecomputersintheUSA.(Computers…)

4、TheygrowriceinSouthChina.(Rice…)

 

2.一般现在时

1)结构be+过去分词(及物的)

2)各种时态的被动结构:

一般现在时:

主语+am/is/are+过去分词

TheChinesefood_____tobethehealthiestintheworld.

A.considersB.isconsidering

C.isconsideredD.hasconsidered

3.一般过去时

一般过去时被动语态的构成:

was/were+及物动词的过去分词

1、Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.

2、Itwasusedintheolddays.

3、ThePRCwasfoundedonOctober1,1949.

1)结构be+过去分词

2)一般过去时:

was/were+过去分词

John___,forhewentswimmingyesterdaywithoutpermission.

A.wouldpunishedB.hadpunished

C.punishedD.waspunished

把下列句子变成被动语态的句子;

1、Theyplantedthesetreesonweekends.

2、Theworkersbuiltthebridgein1968

3、PeopleinvitedYaoMingtoplaybasketballinTheUSA.

4、IBMproducedthisnewtypeoflaptopcomputer.

4.一般将来时

1)一般将来时:

主语+will+be+过去分词

Thenewschool______whenthenewtermbegins.

A.finishesB.willfinish

C.willbefinishedD.wouldfinish

5.现在进行时

1)结构be+being+过去分词

现在进行时:

主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词

----Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?

----Notyet.Rooms_______.

A.arepaintingB.arepainted

C.arebeingpaintingD.arebeingpainted

6.含情态动词的被动语态构成:

情态动词(can/may/must/should)+be+及物动词过去分词

含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。

e.g1、Thisbikecanberepaired.

2、Thetreemustbeputstraightinthehole.

3、Theclassroomshouldbecleanedeveryday.

把下列主动句变被动句:

1、Weshouldplantthetreesaroundthelake

2、Wemustrepairthecomputernow

3、Studentsshouldcorrecttheirmistakes

4、Wemustwaterthetreeswell.

四)被动语态的用法

  

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

  例如:

Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的)

  Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。

  

(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。

TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。

  Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。

  Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。

五)总结被动语态的构成

被动语态由"

助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"

构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

am/is/are+spoken

一般过去时:

was/were+spoken

一般将来时:

will/shallbe+spoken

am/is/arebeing+spoken

过去进行时:

was/werebeing+spoken

现在完成时:

have/hasbeen+spoken

过去完成时:

hadbeenspoken

六)特殊情况

  1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.

  Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.

  2.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.

  IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.

  3.JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.

  

(1)AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.

  

(2)PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.

一、单项选择题:

()1.Woolenclothesareused_______keepinguswarm.

A.ofB.byC.forD.in

()2.Arethesefridgesmade______?

A.inChinaB.inChineseC.ofChinaD.fromChinese

()3.---Wherearebananas_______?

----_____growninSouthChina.

A.grow,It'

sB.grown,It'

sC.grown,They'

reD.grew,They'

re

()4.TheLeague_____inMay,1922.

A.isfoundedB.wasfoundedC.isbuiltD.wasbuilt

()5.Thestrangethingwiththreelegs_____.

A.usedtodrinkB.areusedfordrinking

C.isusedfordrinkingD.usedfordrinking

()6.TVprogrammescan______totheothersideoftheworld.

A.sendB.besentC.makeD.bemade

()7.Olderpeoplemust_____politely.

A.speaktoB.bespokenC.bespokentoD.sayto

()8.Themoonalways_____aroundtheearth.

A.goesB.travelsC.turnsD.A,BandC.

()9.Manypeople_____Englishintheworld.

A.speakB.speaksC.spokeD.arespoken.

()10.Wemust____ourhomeworkeveryday.

A.befinishedB.finishC.arefinishedD.finished

二、把下列句子变成被动句:

1.ChinesepeoplebuilttheGreatWall2,000yearsago.

2.Wemustplantmoretreesnextyearhere.

3.Dalianproducesbigships.

4.Farmersharvestriceinautumn.

5.Weshouldcleanourclassroomeveryday.

精典练习:

1

()1ThePeople'

sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.

A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound

()2English____inCanada.

A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken

()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.

A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung

()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.

A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade

()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.

A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused

2

()1Ourroommust___clean.

A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep

()2-I'

dliketobuythatcoat.

-I'

msorry.___.

A.itsoldB.it'

ssellingC.It'

sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold

()3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.

A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding

()4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.

A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft

()5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.

A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed

()6Hisnewbook___nextmonth.

A.willbepublishedB.ispublishing

C.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished

3

()1Japanese___ineverycountry.

A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking

()2Thesepapers___yet.

A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwritten

C.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten

()3Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.

A.didn'

tB.won'

tC.isn'

tD.doesn'

t

4

()1-Myshoesarewornout.

A.Can'

ttheybemended?

B.Letmehavealookatit.

C.Howmuchdotheycost?

D.Can'

ttheymended?

()2___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?

Ibadlyneedit.

A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are

()3___thesedesksbeneeded?

A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do

5

()1Why___totalkaboutityesterday?

tameetingholdB.wasn'

tameetingheld

C.wasn'

theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'

theld

()2Whowasthebook___?

A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby

()3Where___theseboxesmade?

A.wasB.wereC.isD.am

6

()1Theflowers___often.

A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater

()2Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.

A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow

()3Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.

A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended

7

()1Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.

A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuilt

C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt

()2Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.

A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown

()3Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.

A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuild

C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild

8

()1Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.

A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept

()2Thepot___for___hotwater.

A.used;

keepingB.wasused;

keeping

C.isused;

tokeepD.areused;

keep

()3Tea___inthesouthofChina.

A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow

()4Thebridges___twoyearsago.WOIt'

saHaidiantopproblem

A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt

()5Wetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather.

A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung

9

()1Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.

A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowing

C.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing

()2Theteapot___water.

A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled

()3Oldpeoplemustbelooked^fterwelland___politely.

A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento

()4Oldpeoplemust___.

A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafter

C.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell

10

()1Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.

A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareof

C.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare

()2Theywere___atthesuddennoise.

A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens

()3Thesewalls___stone.

A.aremadeofB.madeofuC.aremadeintoD.madeinto

11

()1Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.

A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid

()2Thepapers___tothem.

A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown

()3Thecoat___hersister.

A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto

12

()?

I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.

A.

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