篇分类高考英语阅读理解及答案详解.doc

篇分类高考英语阅读理解及答案详解.doc

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8篇分类高考阅读理解及答案详解

科普类

Passage1

Manycitiesaroundtheworldtodayareheavilypolluted.Carelessmethodsofproductionandlackofconsumerdemandforenvironment（环境）friendlyproductshavecontributedtothepollutionproblem.Oneresultisthatmillionsoftonsofglass,paper,plastic,andmetalcontainersareproduced,andthesearedifficulttogetridof.

However,today,moreandmoreconsumersarechoosing“green”，anddemandingthattheproductstheybuyshouldbesafefortheenvironment.Beforetheybuyaproduct,theyaskquestionslikethese:

“Willthisshampoodamagetheenvironment?

”“Canthismetalcontainerbereusedorcanitonlybeusedonce?

”

Arecentstudyshowedthattwooutoffiveadultsnowconsidertheenvironmentalsafetyofaproductbeforetheybuyit.Thismeansthatcompaniesmustnowchangethewaytheymakeandselltheirproductstomakesurethattheyare“green”,thatis,friendlytotheenvironment.

Onlyafewyearsago,itwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinsupermarkets,butnowtherearehundreds.Somesupermarketproductscarrylabels（标签）toshowthattheproductisgreen.Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturing（生产）ofcleanandsafeproductstheirmainsellingpointandemphasize_________itintheiradvertising.

Theconcernforasaferandcleanerenvironmentismakingcompaniesrethinkhowtheydobusiness.Nolongerwillthepublicaccepttheoldattitudeof“Buyit,useit,throwitaway,andforgetit.”Thepublicpressureison,andgraduallybusinessiscleaningupitsact.

1.Itbecomesclearfromthetextthatthedrivingforce（动力）behindgreenproductsis_________.

A.publiccaringfortheenvironment

B.companies'desireforbiggersales

C.newwaysofdoingbusiness

D.rapidgrowthofsupermarkets

2.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.BusinessandPeople

B.BusinessGoesGreen

C.ShoppingHabitsAreChanging

D.SupermarketsandGreenProducts

3.Theunderlinedword“it”inthefourthparagraphrefersto_________.

A.asellingpoint

B.thecompanyname

C.agreatdemandforhealthfoods

D.themanufacturingofgreenproducts

2.新闻报道类

Passage2

AnewspaperinHelsinki,Finland,recentlypublishedacartoonofababywithamobilephone,tellinghisparentsthathisdiaper（尿布）neededchanging.Butit'shardlyajoke.HelsinkiishometoNokia,themobilephonemaker.It'soneofthemost“mobile”citiesintheworld.About92percentofitshouseholdshaveatleastonemobilephone.Andthekidsstartyoung.

“Arelativelynormalagetogetamobilephoneisnow7,”saysJanVirkki,marketingmanagerforamobilephonecompany.AmongthesecondgradersattheKulosaariElementarySchool,themostpopularobjectofdesirethisyearisnotaBarbieoraGameboy.ItisaNokiamobilephonewithapictureoftheirownchoiceonthescreen.

“Oneofthefirstthingswediscusswhenschoolstartsistherulesformobilephones,”saysTiiaKorppi,ateacher.Amongtherules:

Youhavetoputitawayoutofsight.Youcannotturniton.Youcannotsendtextmessagestoyourfriends,orplayamusingtunes（令人发笑的曲调）inclass,orcallyourparentsorcallforapizzaduringhistory.

1.Theauthorusesthenewspapercartoontoshowthat________.

A.heisgoodattellingjokes

B.hecaresmuchforchildren

C.mobilephonesaretoysfornewbornbabies

D.mobilephonesarewidelyusedinFinland

2.Thepassageismainlyabout__________

A.differentusesofmobilephones

B.asuccessfulmobilephonemaker

C.effectofmobilephonesonchildren

D.schoolrulesfortheuseofmobilephones

3故事类

Passage3

NewYork,10November—5:

27pm,yesterday.Biggestpowerfailureinthecity's

history.

Thousandsofpeoplegotstuckinlifts.MartinSaltzmanspentthreehoursbetweenthe21stand22ndfloorsoftheEmpireStateBuilding.“Thereweretwelveofus.Butnoonepanicked.Wepassedthetimetellingstoriesandplayingwordgames.Onemanwantedtosmokebutwedidn'tlethim.Firemenfinallygotusout.”

“Itwasthebestnightwe'veeverhad,”saidAngelaCarraro,whorunsanItalianrestauranton42ndStreet.“Wehadlotsofcandlesonthetablesandthewaiterswerecarryingcandlesontheirtrays.Theplacewasfull—andallnight,infact,forafterwehadclosed,weletthepeoplestayonandspendthenighthere.”

Thezooshadtheirproblemslikeeveryoneelse.Keepersworkedthroughthenight.Theyusedblanketstokeepflyingsquirrelsandsmallmonkeyswarm.Whilezooshadproblemskeepingwarm,supermarketshadproblemskeepingcool.“Allofouricecreamandfrozenfoodsmelted,”saidthemanagerofastoreindowntownManhattan.“Theywereworth$50,000.”

Thebigelectricclockinthelobby（大厅）oftheWaldorfAstoriaHotelindowntownManhattanstartedticking（滴答）againat5:

25thismorning.Itwasalmost

ontime.

1.Throughouttheperiodofdarkness,MartinSaltzmanandtheelevenotherswere________.

A.nervousB.excitedC.calmD.frightened

2.InwhatwaywasthenightofNovember9thebestnightforAngelaCarraro?

A.Shehadatasteofadventure.

B.Burningcandlesbrightenedtheplace.

C.Businesswasbetterthanusual.

D.Manypeoplestayedthenightinherrestaurant.

3.Howlongdidthepowerfailurelast?

A.Nearly12hours.B.Morethan12hours.

C.Nearly24hours.D.Morethan24hours.

Ⅳ.故事类

Passage4

SometimeagoIdiscoveredthatoneofmychairshadabrokenleg.Ididn'tthinktherewouldbeanydifficultyingettingitmended,asthereareawholelotofantique（古董）shopsnearmyhome.SoIlefthomeonemorningcarryingthechairwithme.Iwentintothefirstshopexpectingafriendlyreception（接待）.Iwasquitewrong.Themanwouldn'tevenlookatmychair.

Thesecondshop,thoughslightlymorepolite,wasjustthesame,andthethirdandthefourth—soIdecidedthatmyapproachmustbewrong.

Ienteredthefifthshopwithaplaninmymind.Iplacedthechaironthefloorandsaidtotheshopkeeper,“Wouldyouliketobuyachair?

”Helookeditovercarefullyandsaid,“Yes,notabadchair.Howmuchdoyouwantforit,sir?

”“Twentypounds,”Isaid.“OK,”hesaid.“I'llgiveyoutwentypounds.”“It'sgotaslightlybrokenleg,”Isaid.“Yes,Isawthat,it'snothing.”

EverythingwasgoingaccordingtoplanandIwasgettingexcited.“Whatwillyoudowithit?

”Iasked.“Oh,itwillbeeasytoselloncetherepairisdone.”“I'llbuyit,”Isaid.“Whatdoyoumean?

”“You'vejustsoldittome,”hesaid.“Yes,IknowbutI'vechangedmymind.Iamsorry.I'llgiveyoutwentysevenpoundsforit.”“Youmustbecrazy,”hesaid.Then,suddenlythepennydropped.“Iknowwhatyouwant.Youwantmetorepairyourchair.”“You'reright,”Isaid.“AndwhatwouldyouhavedoneifIhadwalkedinandsaid,‘Wouldyoumendthischairforme?

’”“Iwouldn'thaveagreedtodoit,”hesaid.“Wedon'tdorepairs,notenoughmoneyinitandtoomuchtrouble.ButI'llmendthisforyou,shallwesayforafiver?

”Hewasaverynicemanandwasgreatlyamused（感到有趣）bythewholething.

1.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatinthefirstshopthewriter_________.

A.wasratherimpolite

B.waswarmlyreceived

C.askedtheshopkeepertobuyhischair

D.askedtheshopkeepertorepairhischair

2.Theunderlinedword“approach”inthesecondparagraphmeans_________.

A.planfordealingwiththings

B.decisiontosellthings

C.ideaofrepairingthings

D.wayofdoingthings

3.Theexpression“thepennydropped”inthelastparagraphmeanstheshopkeeper_________.

A.changedhismind

B.acceptedtheoffer

C.sawthewriter'spurpose

D.decidedtohelpthewriter

4.Howmuchdidthewriterpay?

A.￡5.B.￡7.C.￡20.D.￡27.

5.Fromthetext,wecanlearnthatthewriterwas_________.

A.honestB.carefulC.smartD.funny

科普类

【解析】1

1.这是一道细节题。

从第二段所讲述的越来越多的顾客选择“绿色”而要求他们所买的产品对环境是安全的，说明绿色产品的生产动力来自大众对环境的关心。

答案为A。

2.这是一道主旨题。

通读全文可以看出，这篇短文主要讲述了产品的生产向绿色化转变。

答案为B。

3.从第四段最后一句话可知it指的是manufacturinggreenproducts.答案为D。

【解析】2

1.考查理解作者意图的能力。

文章一开始作者提到一个婴儿手持手机的卡通形象，引出在芬兰手机使用广泛，孩子们很小就拥有手机这一事实。

答案为D。

2.考查归纳主旨大意的能力。

通篇文章叙述的是手机对孩子的影响。

C是正确的。

A选项文中未提及；B选项不是文章描写的重点；D只是文章第三段的主要内容，属细节。

答案为C。

【解析】3

1.文中第二段说“Thereweretwelveofus.Butnoonepanicked,wepassedthetime

ellingstoriesandplayingwordgames.”从此句中可以看出他们并不“panicked（惊慌）”，而且讲故事、玩字游戏，说明他们很镇静。

答案为C。

2.第三段中说AngelaCarrara是一个餐馆老板，停电的那天晚上，他家餐馆整晚爆满。

“The

placewasfull—andallnight.”答案为C。

3.这是一道时间推算题。

从文中提供的线索，从“10November—5∶27pm，yesterday.Biggestpowerfailure….”到“Thebigelectricticking…startedtickingagainat5∶25thismorning”，可以算出答案为A。

【解析】4

1.可用排除法，根据文意B、C很容易被排除，而A“作者很无礼”，并没有这样的提示，故答案为D。

2.这是一道语意猜测题。

根据上下文猜词义，作者前四次的境遇基本相同，当他走进第五个店时“Ientered…withaplan…Wouldyouliketobuyachair?

”我们知道他这次改变了方法，不再说修理，而是问店主是否愿意买他的椅子，所以答案应该是D，“做事的方式”。

3.这也是一道猜词义题，根据“thepennydropped”的前后店主所说的话“Youmustbecrazy”，店主认为作者给他27磅买自己的椅子是不可理喻的，但是很快他又说“Iknowwhatyouwant.Youwantmetorepairyourchair.”表明他明白作者并不是真的自己掏钱买自己

的椅子，而是希望他能帮他修理椅子，这才是他的目的。

答案为C。

4.这是一道细节题。

fiver意思是五英镑钞票，文章倒数第二句说明作者须付五英镑的劳务费。

答案为A。

5.这是一道概括总结题。

纵观全文，作者在前四次碰壁后，马上调整一下自己的行为方式，最终达到了自己的目的，说明他很聪明。

答案为C。

.广告类

Passage1

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Notso.WithCoverup,youcangetbrownifyouwantto.ThepointofCoverupistoprotectyourskinfromthedamagingraysofthesun—theoneswhich,accordingtothedoctors,makeyourskinlookolder.

That'swhatSolexCoverupisallabout—protectionforyourskin.IthasaSunProtectionFactorof8,whichmakesitsuitableforanyone.

FindouthowitworksforyoubyreferringtotheSolexSunTable.OnsalewhereverSolexis.

WithSolexCoverup,youcantanasslowlyasyoulike.Asgentlyasyoulike