时态主题.docx
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时态主题
一般现在时定义与讲解
一般现在时:
表示经常性的事情,经常性的动作或一般性事实。
时间状语:
often经常,usually通常,always总是,every每个,sometimes有时,at…在几点钟
只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”,其他用动词的原形。
三单变化:
1.规则变化:
(1)直接在动词词尾加-s.
ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays
(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es.
watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes do---does
go---goes pass---passes
(3)以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es.
try---tries study---studiescry---cries fly---flies
2.不规则变化:
be----is are have----has
一般现在时用法
1.表示经常性,习惯性,永久性的动作或存在的状态.通常与副词sometimes,often,usually,always,everyday(year,month),once(twice,threetimes)aday,等时间状语连用。
Theyusuallygotoschoolbybike.
Itakethemedicinethreetimesaday.
Shehelpshermotheronceaweek.
Mary’sfatherisapoliceman.
Thereare50studentsinmyclass.
2.表示客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言,谚语等。
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewesteveryday.
ThemanwhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotarealman.
TomorrowisTuesday.
3.表示性格能力,也可以表示职业特征等.
Youarestudents.
Ilikesinging.
4.在时间,条件和让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来的动作。
TheywillbehappywhenItellthem.
Ifyouaren’thereontimetomorrow,I’llwritetoyourparents.
一般现在时的句子转换:
(1)当句子中有be动词或情态动词时,则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.
例:
①陈述句:
Sheisastudent.
疑问句→Issheastudent?
否定句→Sheisnotastudent.
②陈述句:
Icanswim.
疑问句→Canyouswim
否定句→Icannotswim.
(2) 当句子中即没有be动词,也没有情态动词时,则在主语前加助动词do(you,以及复数),does(单数she,he,it)变成问句;在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t(I,you,以及复数),doesn’t(单数she,he,it)变成否定句,助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。
例:
①陈述句:
Wegetupat7:
00everymorning.
疑问句→Doyougetupat7:
00everymorning?
否定句→Wedon’tgetupat7:
00everymorning.
②陈述句:
Shehasalittlebrother.
疑问句→Doesshehavealittlebrother?
否定句→Shedoesn’thavealittlebrother.
(一).用动词的适当形式填空
1.She_________(go)toschoolatseveno’clock.
2.It’s6 o’clock.Theyare_________(eat)supper.
3.Heusually___________upat17:
00.(get)
4.She___________(live)inBeijing.
5.Amy_________(be)herejustnow.
6._______(be)thereafly onthetablejustnow?
7.Myfather__________(watch)TVeveryevening.
8.Myfather_______________(make)toysthesedays.
9.?
________Amy_________(read)Englisheveryday
10.ChenJiesometimes_________(go)totheparkwithhersister.
11.Heoften_________(have)dinnerathome.
12.DanielandTommy_________(be)inClassOne.
13.We_________(notwatch)TVonMonday.
14.Nick_________(notgo)tothezooonSunday.
15.they_________(like)theWorldCup?
16.Whattheyoften_________(do)onSaturdays?
17.yourparents_________(read)newspaperseveryday?
18.Thegirl_________(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
19.SheandI_________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.
20.There_________(be)somewaterinthebottle.
21.Mike_________(like)cooking.
22.They_________(have)thesamehobby.
23.Myaunt_________(look)afterherbabycarefully.
24.Youalways_________(do)yourhomeworkwell.
25.I_________(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.
26.She_________(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
27.LiuTao_________(do)notlikePE.
28.Thechildoften_________(watch)TVintheevening.
29.WangKaiandWangli_________(have)eightlessonsthisterm.
30.-Whatday_________(be)ittoday?
-It’sSaturday.
31. Weoften___________(play)intheplaygound.
32. He_________(get)upatsixo’clock.
33.__________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.
34.What__________(do)heusually (do)afterschool?
35.Danny__________(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtanschool.
36.Mikesometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.
37.Ateightatnight,she__________(watch)TVwithhisparents.
38.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?
39.Howmanylessons_________yourclassmate________(have)onMonday?
40.Whattime_________hismother_________(do)thehousework?
(二).选择填空
1.Iwant____homeworknow.A.doing B.todo C.todomy D.domy
2.It'stime______.
A.gotoschool B.playgames C.togohome D.todomyhomeworks
3.______goandhelpher. A.Let'sme B.Let'sus C.Let's D.Let'sto
4.Dotheyhaveanewcar?
Yes,_____.
A.theyare B.theyhave C.theydon't D.theydo
5.Heoften_________supperat6:
00intheevening.
A.have B.has c.ishaving D.iseating
6.We_____________anyChineseclassesonFriday.
A.arehaving B.aren’thaving C.don’thave D.arehave
(三).根据要求改写句子
1.Doyouoftenplayfootballafterschool?
(肯定回答)
2.Ihavemanybooks. (改为否定句)
3.GaoShan’ssisterlikesplayingtabletennis(改为否定句)
4.ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork. (改为一般疑问句)
5.IwatchTVeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)
6.Davidhasgotagoal.(改为一般疑问句)
7.Wehavefourlessons.(否定句)
8.Nancydoesn’trunfast(肯定句)
9.Mydogrunsfast.否定句:
一般过去时定义与讲解
一般过去时概念:
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
如:
lastyear,yesterday等;也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often,always等频率副词连用。
例如:
①Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。
②LiMeialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年李梅总是步行上学。
一般过去时的构成
我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成。
动词过去式的构成:
(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:
①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。
如:
look-looked。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。
如:
live-lived。
③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:
stop-stopped。
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。
如:
study-studied。
(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
如:
am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。
一般过去时的几种句型
肯定句结构为:
主语+动词的过去式+其它。
如:
Hewenttothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。
否定句结构为:
主语+didnot(didn't)+动词原形+其它。
如:
Hedidn'tgotothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天没去玩具店。
一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成:
Did+主语+动词原形+其它?
如:
1)-DidyougotoBeijinglastweek?
-Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.)
2)-Didyoumeetthebusinessmanbefore?
-No,Ididn't.(Yes,Idid.)
一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成:
疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?
如:
1)-Whatdidyoudolastnight?
-Ididmyhomework.
2)-Wheredidyougolastweek?
-IwenttoShanghaiwithmyparents.
一般过去时口诀
一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间。
动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。
否定句很简单,didn't站在动词原形前,其它部分不要变。
一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。
特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记。
典型例题操练:
1.I_____(watch)acartoononSaturday.
2.Herfather______(read)anewspaperlastnight.
3.We______tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)
4._____you_____(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?
5.______he______(fly)akiteonSunday?
Yes,he______.
6.GaoShan_______(put)upthepicturelastnight.
7.I_______(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.
8.What______she______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?
She_______(find)abeautifulbutterfly.
9.How_______(be)Jim'sweekend?
It_______(benot)bad.
10.________(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?
No.she__________.
11.I_______(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.
12._________she______(practice)herguitaryesterday?
No,she_________.
13.What________Tom_____(do)onSaturdayevening?
He________(watch)TVand______(read)aninterestingbook.
14.Theyall______(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.
15.She______(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.
She________(stay)athomeand______(do)somecleaning.
16.When______you______(write)thissong?
I_______(write)itlastyear.
17.Myfriend,Carol,________(study)forthemathtestand____(practice)Englishlastnight.
18.________Mr.Li_____(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?
Yes,he___
现在进行时定义与讲解
(一)谓语构成:
be(am/is/are)+v-ing(动词的现在分词)
I’mwatchingTVnow.
They’replayingfootball.
(二)现在分词的构成。
(1)一般情况下在动词词尾加ing。
go→going ask→asking look→looking
(2)以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e加ing。
have→having take→taking make→making write→writing
(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个字母,再加-ing。
get→getting sit→sitting put→putting run→running
swim→swimming begin→beginning shop→shopping
(三)现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。
(1)肯定式:
be+v-ing Sheissinginginthenextroom.
(2)否定式:
be+not+v-ing Thestudentsaren’tcleaningtheroom.
(3)一般问句:
be动词提前。
肯定答语Yes,主语+be,否定答语No,主语+benot。
Areyouplayingthecomputergame?
Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.
(4)特殊问句:
对谓语动词进行提问的:
What+be+主语+doing+其他?
Whatistheoldmandoingunderthetree?
对其他成份进行提问的,疑问词+一般疑问句?
Whereistheboyswimming?
Whoisshewaitingfor?
基本用法:
(1)表示(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
经常与时间状语now,atpresent,atthistime,atthismoment等连用。
Theboysareplayingfootballovertherenow.
MyfatheriswatchingTVwithmymothernow.
(2)也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作但不一定在说话时正在进行。
经常与thesedays,theseyears等连用。
IamlearningFrenchinBeijingthesedays.
Theyarestudyinghardthisterm.
(3)一些瞬间动作的现在进行时可以表示一般将来时,指“即将…”,句中常有表示将来的时间状语,常用的这类动词有come,leave,go,arrive,fly,die.
Hurryup!
Thebusiscoming.
Heiscomingbacktomorrow.
TheyareflyingtoWuhannextweek.
三.现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
(一)现在进行时表示动作的暂时性,而一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性
IamwatchingTVnow.(暂时性)
IwatchTVeveryday.(经常性)
(二)现在进行时可表示短暂性动作,而一般现在时表示长久性动作。
LucyislivinginBeijing.(短时间居住)
LucylivesinBeijing.(长久性居住)
(三)现在进行时表示的动作可带有感情色彩,而一般现在时所表述的动作通常是事实。
You’realwaysforgettingthemostimportantthings.(责备)
Heisalwayshelpingothers.(赞扬)
Heoftenhelpsothers.(事实)
(四)有些动词不能用进行时,know,understand,love,like,hate,wish,want,think,hope,have,believe,agree,hear,see,notice,等等。
这些动词通常用一般现在时表示说话时发生的动作。
Ihavealotoffriendshere.
Shewantstobuyanewbike.
【典型例题】
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Look!
There__________(be)alotofpeopleoverthere.What__________they__________(do)now?
2.—What__________yourmother__________(do)?
—Sheisateacher.
3.It__________(rain)heavilyoutsidenow.Youmuststayathome.
4.Don’tsi