英国文学史及选读12册复习Word文档下载推荐.docx
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7.Heroiccouplet（名词解释,英雄偶句诗）8.Renaissance（名词解释）9.ThomasMore——Utopia
10.Sonnet（名词解释）11.Blankverse（名词解释）12.EdmundSpenser“TheFaerieQueene”
13.FrancisBacon“essays”esp.“OfStudies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读）
14.WilliamShakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。
他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。
（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读）
15.JohnMilton三大史诗非常重要，特别是ParadiseLost和SamsonAgonistes。
对于ParadiseLost需要知道它是blankverse写成的，故事情节来自OldTestament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。
16.JohnBunyan——ThePilgrim’sProgress
17.FounderoftheMetaphysicalschool——JohnDonne;
featuresoftheschool:
philosophicalpoems,complexrhythmsandstrangeimages.
18.Enlightenment（名词解释）
19.Neoclassicism（名词解释）
20.RichardSteele——“TheTatler”
21.JosephAddison——“TheSpectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。
22.Steel’sandAddison’sstylesandtheircontributions
23.AlexanderPope:
“EssayonCriticism”,“EssayonMan”,“TheRapeofLock”,“TheDunciad”;
hisworkmanship（features）andlimitations
24.JonathanSwift:
“Gulliver’sTravels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象;
（我们主要讲了三个地方）“AModestProposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony也就是反讽手法。
25.Theriseandgrowthoftherealisticnovelisthemostprominentachievementof18thcenturyEnglishliterature.
26.DanielDefoe:
“RobinsonCrusoe”,“MollFlanders”,当然是RobinsonCrusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，RobinsonCrusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。
另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunnerofEnglishrealisticnovel。
27.SamuelRichardson——“Pamela”（firstepistolarynovel）,“ClarissaHarlowe”,“SirCharlesGrandison”
28.HenryFielding:
“JosephAndrews”,“JonathanWild”,“TomJones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。
他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为fatheroftheEnglishnovel.
29.LaurenceSterne——“TristramShandy”项狄传
30.RichardSheridan——“TheSchoolforScandal”
31.OliverGoldsmith——“TheTraveller”（poem）,“TheDesertedVillage”（poem）（bothtwopoemswerewrittenbyheroiccouplet）,“TheVicarofWakefield”（novel）,“TheGood-NaturedMan”（comedy）,“ShestoopstoConquer”（comedy）,“TheCitizenoftheWorld”（collectionofessays）
32.Sentimentalism（名词解释）
33.ThomasGray——“ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard”（英国诗歌里非常著名的一首，曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”）（arepresentativeofsentimentalismandgraveyardschoolofpoets墓园派诗人）
*GraveyardSchool/Poets”:
Atermappliedtoeighteenth-centurypoetswhowrotemeditativepoems,usuallysetinagraveyard,onthethemeofhumanmortality,inmoodswhichrangefromelegiacpensivenesstoprofoundgloom.ThevogueresultedinoneofthemostwidelyknownEnglishpoems,ThomasGray’s“Elegywritteninacountrychurchyard”.ThewritingofgraveyardpoemsspreadfromEnglandtoContinentalliteratureinthesecondpartofthecenturyandalsoinfluencedsomeAmericanpoets.
34.Inthelatterhalfofthe18thcentury,Pre-Romanticism;
representative:
WilliamBlakeandRobertBurns.
35.ThomasPercy——“ReliquesofAncientEnglishpoetry”许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的，这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。
36.WilliamBlake比较重要，需要对主要作品有所了解，特别是SongsofInnocence和SongsofExperience,这两本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的写作特点也要注意，比如语言的简单明了，神秘主义氛围等。
37.RobertBurns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人,ARedRedRose,ScotsWhaHae,AuldLangSyne等名诗，写作特点:
Scottishdialect;
apoetofpeasantandScottishpeople;
plainlanguage;
influencefromScottishfolksongsandballads;
musicalqualityofhispoems.
ExerciseOne
I.
Selectfromthe4choicestheonethatbestanswersthequestionsorcompletesthestatements.
1.
Beowulfisanationalepicof_______.
a.Germanyb.Englandc.Scandinaviad.France
2.
Beowulffoughtagainstallofthefollowingfiguresexcept_____.
a.Greenknightb.Firedragonc.Grendeld.Grendel’smother
3.
Beowulfischaracterizedbyoneofthefollowingstrikingfeatures_______.
a.useofsimileb.alliterationc.satired.irony
4.
Beowulfwaswrittendowninthe______.
a.8thcenturyb.9thcenturyc.10thcenturyd.11thcentury
5.
SirGawainandGreenknightwascreatedby______.
a.Chaucerb.Langlandc.Beded.Noneoftheabove
6.
PiersthePlowmanissimilartotheworkinformwrittenby_____.
a.Chaucerb.Shakespearec.Marloryd.Bunyan
7.
BesidestheBallads,oneofthefollowingworksremainedaformofpopularliteratureinthe
medievalEngland_____.
a.
TroilusandCriseydeb.PiersthePlowman
c.SirGawainandGreenKnightd.LeMorteD’Arthur
8.ThepilgrimswenttoCanterburyinorderto______.
a.visitthecityb.worshipThomasaBecketc.dobusinessd.worshipJesusChrist
9.Accordingtotheoriginalplan,Chaucerexpectedtofinish______.
a.120storiesb.100storiesc.140storiesd.130stories
10.
TheonewhoproposedthestorytellingintheCanterburyTalesis_____.
a.thepoetb.theknightc.thebossd.themonk
11.
ChauceriscalledthefounderofEnglishrealismbecausehedescribestheclassesof
English
feudalsocietyexcept______.
a.businessmanandteachersb.noblesandyeoman
c.plowmanandroyalmembersd.kingsandserfs
12.OneofthefollowingeventsplayedagreaterpartinChaucer’swriting_____.
a.hismarriagewithagirlofthenoblefamilyb.hisvisittoItaly
c.hisdutyascontrollerofcustomsd.hisparticipationintheHundredYears’War
13.ThelanguageusedbyChauceriscalled______.
a.oldEnglishb.middleEnglishc.modernEnglishd.contemporaryEnglish
14.RobinHoodissimilartoKingArthurinthat_____.
a.bothofthemareWelshmenb.bothofthemarelegendaryfigures
c.bothofthemarehistoricalfiguresd.bothofthemarehalfhistoricalandhalflegendary
15.ThesuccessoftheCanterburyTalesliesintheuseofthefollowingexcept_______.
a.useofcoupletb.portrayalofcharactersc.useofalliterationd.constructionofplot
16.Chaucer’scontributiontoEnglishliteratureliesinthefactthatheintroducedtherhymed
stanzasfromFranceandthathe____.
a.madeLondondialectfoundationofmodernEnglish
b.wrotethefirstEnglishblankverse
c.wrotetheEnglishsonnet
d.madeLondondialectfoundationofmedievalEnglish
17.Testofcourage,faith,andloyaltyisthethemeofa______.
a.romanceb.playc.noveld.ballad
18.LeMorted’Arthurdescribesthewar,thetournament,illicitloveandthequestfor_____.
a.Christb.theSangrealc.Bibled.KingArthur
II.
Fillintheblanks
Afterhewentblind,Miltonwroteandfinishedhisthreegreatworks:
epicmasterpieces_________and________andonebiblicaltragedy___________.
TheoldEnglishcanbedividedintotwogroups:
the________poetryandthe________poetry.
3._________isregardedasthe“FatherofEnglishSong”,thefirstknownreligiouspoetofEngland.
4._________themostprevailingliteraryformintheMiddleAges.
5.Themostmagnificentproseworkofthe15thcenturyisMorted’Arthurconcerningwith_________legend.
6.CriticstendtodivideChaucer’sliteraryintothreeperiods:
the_________period,the_________periodandthe_________period.
7.TheCanterburyTalescontainsthe_________and24tales,twoofwhichleftunfinished.
8.Chauceremployedthe_________coupletinwritinghisgreatestworkTheCanterburyTales
9.WhenChaucerdiedonthe25thofOctober1400,hewasthefirsttobeburiedin_________.
10.Shakespeare’splayshavebeentraditionallydividedintofourcategoriesaccordingtodramatictype:
histories,_________,tragediesand_________.
11.EdmundSpenserisoftenreferredtoas“thepoets”_________becauseofhisconsiderableinfluenceonlaterpoets.
12.EdmundSpenser’sbestknownpoemTheShepherd’sCalendarconsistsof12_________poemsoreclogues,oneforeachmonthoftheyear.
13._________isconsideredthefirstEnglishdramatistandthemostimportantElizabethanplaywrightbeforeShakespeare.
14.Shakespeare’s154sonnetsfallintotwoseries:
oneseriesareaddressedtoW.H,ayoungman,andtheotheraddressedto_________.
15.AShakespeareansonnetiscomposedofthreefour-linequatrainsandaconcludingtwo-line_________.
III.
Matchthewriterswiththeirworks.
1.Shakespearea.ParadiseLost
2.Chaucerb.PiersthePlowman
3.Maloryc.Alchemist
4.Langlandd.TheTamingoftheShrew
5.Marlowee.Dr.Faustus
6.Jonsonf.LeMorted’Arthur
7.Sidneyg.ThePilgrim’sProgress
8.Spenserh.TheCanterburyTales
9.Bunyani.TheFaerieQueene
10.Miltonj.AstrophelandStella
VI.Terms.
Humanism
MetaphysicalPoets
CavalierPoets
Romance
UniversityWits
V.Literaryexercise:
Passage1
Todie,tosleep
Nomoreandbyasleeptosayweend
Theheartache,andthethousandnaturalshocks
Thatfleshisheirto,’tisaconsummation
Devotedlytobewished.Todie,tosleep
Tosleep-perchancetodream:
aythere’stherub,
Forinthatsleepofdeathwhatdreammaycome?
Whenwehaveshuffledoffthismortalcoil,
Mustgiveusapause.There’stherespect
Thatmakescalamityofsolonglife.
Forwhowouldbearthewhipsandscornsoftime,
Theoppressor’swrong,theproudman’scontumely
Thepangsofdespisedlove,thelaw’sdelay,
Theinsolenceofoffice,andthespurns,
Thepatientmeritofth’unworthytakes
QUESTION:
Theselinesaretakenfromafamousplaynamed________.
Theauthoroftheplayis____________.
3
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