经济学原理对应练习6.docx
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Chapter6
Supply,Demand,andGovernmentPolicies
MultipleChoice
1.Pricecontrolsareusuallyenacted
a.asameansofraisingrevenueforpublicpurposes.
b.whenpolicymakersbelievethatthemarketpriceofagoodorserviceisunfairtobuyersorsellers.
c.whenpolicymakersdetectinefficienciesinamarket.
d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
1 REF:
6-0
TOP:
Priceceilings|Pricefloors MSC:
Interpretive
2.Thepresenceofpricecontrolsinamarketusuallyisanindicationthat
a.aninsufficientquantityofagoodorservicewasbeingproducedinthatmarkettomeetthepublic’sneed.
b.theusualforcesofsupplyanddemandwerenotabletoestablishanequilibriumpriceinthatmarket.
c.policymakersbelievedthatthepricethatprevailedinthatmarketintheabsenceofpricecontrolswasunfairtobuyersorsellers.
d.policymakerscorrectlybelievedthat,inthatmarket,pricecontrolswouldgeneratenoinequitiesoftheirown.ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-0
TOP:
Priceceilings|Pricefloors MSC:
Interpretive
3.Policymakerssometimesareattractedtopricecontrolsbecause
a.theyviewthemarket'soutcomeasinefficient.
b.theyviewthemarket'soutcomeasunfair.
c.itispoliticallypopulartoimposepricecontrolsinmarketsinwhichthedemandforthegoodorserviceisinelastic.
d.theyarerequiredtodosoundertheEmploymentActof1946.ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-0
TOP:
Priceceilings|Pricefloors MSC:
Interpretive
4.Pricecontrols
a.alwaysproduceanequitableoutcome.
b.alwaysproduceanefficientoutcome.
c.cangenerateinequitiesoftheirown.
d.producerevenueforthegovernment.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-0
TOP:
Priceceilings|Pricefloors MSC:
Interpretive
5.Policymakersusetaxes
a.toraiserevenueforpublicpurposes,butnottoinfluencemarketoutcomes.
b.bothtoraiserevenueforpublicpurposesandtoinfluencemarketoutcomes.
c.whentheyrealizethatpricecontrolsaloneareinsufficienttocorrectmarketinequities.
d.onlyinthosemarketsinwhichtheburdenofthetaxfallsclearlyonthesellers.ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-0
TOP:
Taxes MSC:
Interpretive
6.Alegalmaximumpriceatwhichagoodcanbesoldisaprice
a.floor.
b.stabilization.
c.support.
d.ceiling.
ANS:
D PTS:
1
DIF:
1
REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings
MSC:
Definitional
217
Chapter6/Supply,Demand,andGovernmentPolicies v219
7.Apriceceiling
a.isalegalmaximumonthepriceatwhichagoodcanbesold.
b.isoftenimposedinmarketsinwhich“cutthroatcompetition”wouldprevailwithoutapriceceiling.
c.isoftenimposedwhensellersofagoodaresuccessfulintheirattemptstoconvincethegovernmentthatthemarketoutcomeisunfairwithoutapriceceiling.
d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Interpretive
8.Alegalminimumpriceatwhichagoodcanbesoldis
a.exemplifiedbyrent-controllaws.
b.usuallyintendedtoenhanceefficiencyinamarket.
c.calledapriceceiling.
d.calledapricefloor.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
1 REF:
6-1
TOP:
PricefloorsMSC:
Definitional
9.Apricefloor
a.isalegalminimumonthepriceatwhichagoodcanbesold.
b.canresultwhensellersofagoodaresuccessfulintheirattemptstoconvincethegovernmentthatthemarketoutcomewithoutapricefloorisunfairtothem.
c.cancreateinequitiesinamarket.
d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
1 REF:
6-1
TOP:
PricefloorsMSC:
Definitional
10.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelyexplanationfortheimpositionofapricefloorinthemarketforcorn?
a.Policymakershavestudiedtheeffectsofthepricefloorcarefullyandtheyrecognizethatthepricefloorisadvantageousforsocietyasawhole.
b.Buyersandsellersofcornhaveagreedthatthepricefloorisgoodforbothofthemandhavethereforepressuredpolicymakersintoenactingthepricefloor.
c.Buyersofcorn,recognizingthatthepricefloorisgoodforthem,havepressuredpolicymakersintoenactingthepricefloor.
d.Sellersofcorn,recognizingthatthepricefloorisgoodforthem,havepressuredpolicymakersintoenactingthepricefloor.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
PricefloorsMSC:
Interpretive
11.Apriceceilingwillbebindingonlyifitisset
a.equaltoequilibriumprice.
b.aboveequilibriumprice.
c.belowequilibriumprice.
d.noneoftheabove;apriceceilingisneverbinding.ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Interpretive
12.Apriceceilingisbindingwhenitisset
a.abovetheequilibriumprice,causingashortage.
b.abovetheequilibriumprice,causingasurplus.
c.belowtheequilibriumprice,causingashortage.
d.belowtheequilibriumprice,causingasurplus.ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1TOP:
Priceceilings|Shortages MSC:
Interpretive
13.Supposeapriceceilingisnotbinding;thismeansthat
a.theequilibriumpriceisabovethepriceceiling.
b.theequilibriumpriceisbelowthepriceceiling.
c.ithasnolegalenforcementmechanism.
d.peoplearefindingawaytocircumventthelaw.ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Interpretive
14.Apriceceilingthatisnotbindingwill
a.causeasurplusinthemarket.
b.causeashortageinthemarket.
c.causethemarkettobelessefficientthanitwouldbewithoutthepriceceiling.
d.havenoeffectonthemarketprice.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Interpretive
15.Ashortageresultswhen
a.abindingpriceceilingisimposed.
b.abindingpricefloorisimposed.
c.apriceceilingisimposedbutitisnotbinding.
d.apricefloorisimposedbutitisnotbinding.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Interpretive
16.When,inaparticularmarket,thelawofdemandandthelawofsupplybothapply,theimpositionofabindingpriceceilinginthatmarketcausesquantitydemandedtobe
a.greaterthanquantitysupplied.
b.lessthanquantitysupplied.
c.equaltoquantitysupplied.
d.Anyoftheaboveispossible.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings|Shortages MSC:
Interpretive
17.Tosaythatapriceceilingisbindingistosaythatthepriceceiling
a.resultsinascarcity.
b.issetabovetheequilibriumprice.
c.resultsinexcessdemand.
d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings|Shortages MSC:
Interpretive
Figure6-1
18.RefertoFigure6-1.Abindingpriceceilingisshownin
a.panel(a)butnotpanel(b).
b.panel(b)butnotpanel(a).
c.bothpanel(a)andpanel(b).
d.neitherpanel(a)norpanel(b).
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Applicative
Chapter6/Supply,Demand,andGovernmentPolicies v221
19.RefertoFigure6-1.Inwhichpanel(s)ofthefigurewouldtherebeashortageofthegoodattheceilingprice?
a.panel(a)butnotpanel(b)
b.panel(b)butnotpanel(a)
c.panel(a)andpanel(b)
d.neitherpanel(a)norpanel(b)
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings|Shortages MSC:
Applicative
20.RefertoFigure6-1.Thesituationinpanel(a)maybedescribedasoneinwhich
a.thepriceceilingisnotbinding.
b.theprice“ceiling”reallyfunctionsasapricefloor.
c.asurplusofthegoodwillbeobserved.
d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Applicative
Figure6-2
21.RefertoFigure6-2.Abindingpriceceilingwouldbetheresultifthepriceceilingweresetat
a.
$14.
b.
$12.
c.
$10.
d.
$8.
ANS:
D
PTS:
1
DIF:
2
REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Applicative
22.RefertoFigure6-2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?
a.Apriceceilingsetat$12wouldbebinding,butapriceceilingsetat$8wouldnotbebinding.
b.Apricefloorsetat$8wouldbebinding,butapriceceilingsetat$8wouldnotbebinding.
c.Apriceceilingsetat$9wouldresultinanexcesssupply.
d.Apricefloorsetat$11wouldresultinasurplus.ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1TOP:
Priceceilings|Pricefloors MSC:
Applicative
23.RefertoFigure6-2.Ifthegovernmentimposesapricefloorof$14inthismarket,theresultwouldbea
a.surplusof20.
b.surplusof40.
c.shortageof20.
d.shortageof40.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Pricefloors|Surpluses MSC:
Applicative
24.RefertoFigure6-2.Ifthegovernmentimposesapriceceilingof$8inthismarket,theresultwouldbea
a.surplusof10.
b.surplusof20.
c.shortageof10.
d.shortageof20.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings|Shortages MSC:
Applicative
25.RefertoFigure6-2.Ifthegovernmentimposesapriceceilingof$12inthismarket,theresultwouldbe
a.asurplusof10.
b.asurplusof20.
c.ashortageof20.
d.neitherasurplusnorashortage.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
3 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings MSC:
Applicative
26.RefertoFigure6-2.Inwhichofthefollowingcaseswouldsellershavetodeveloparationingmechanism?
a.Apriceceilingissetat$8.
b.Apriceceilingissetat$12.
c.Apricefloorissetat$8.
d.Apricefloorissetat$10.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
3 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Priceceilings|Pricefloors MSC:
Applicative
27.Apricefloorisbindingifit
a.issetlowerthantheequilibriummarketprice.
b.resultsinanobservedpricethatisthesameastheequilibriumprice.
c.leadstoasurplus.
d.isstrictlyenforcedbythegovernment.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
6-1
TOP:
Pricefloors|Surpluses MSC:
Interpretive
28.Anexampleofapriceflooris
a.theregulationofgasolinepricesintheU.S.inthe1970s.
b.rentcontrol.
c.theminimumwage.
d.anyrestrictiononpricethatleadstoashortage.ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
1