曼昆《经济学原理》（微观）第五版测试题库.docx
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Chapter7
Consumers,Producers,andtheEfficiencyofMarkets
TRUE/FALSE
1.Welfareeconomicsisthestudyofthewelfaresystem.
ANS:
F DIF:
1
REF:
7-1
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Welfare
MSC:
Definitional
2.Thewillingnesstopayisthemaximumamountthatabuyerwillpayforagoodandmeasureshowmuchthebuyervaluesthegood.
ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
WillingnesstopayMSC:
Definitional
3.Foranygivenquantity,thepriceonademandcurverepresentsthemarginalbuyer'swillingnesstopay.ANS:
T DIF:
2 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
WillingnesstopayMSC:
Interpretive
4.Abuyeriswillingtobuyaproductatapricegreaterthanorequaltohiswillingnesstopay,butwouldrefusetobuyaproductatapricelessthanhiswillingnesstopay.
ANS:
F DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
WillingnesstopayMSC:
Definitional
5.Consumersurplusistheamountabuyeractuallyhastopayforagoodminustheamountthebuyeriswillingtopayforit.
ANS:
F DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Definitional
6.Consumersurplusistheamountabuyeriswillingtopayforagoodminustheamountthebuyeractuallyhastopayforit.
ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Definitional
7.Consumersurplusmeasuresthebenefittobuyersofparticipatinginamarket.
ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Interpretive
8.Consumersurpluscanbemeasuredastheareabetweenthedemandcurveandtheequilibriumprice.ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Interpretive
9.Consumersurpluscanbemeasuredastheareabetweenthedemandcurveandthesupplycurve.ANS:
F DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Interpretive
10.Joelhasa1966Mustang,whichhesellstoSusie,anavidcarcollector.Susieispleasedsinceshepaid$8,000forthecarbutwouldhavebeenwillingtopay$11,000forthecar.Susie'sconsumersurplusis$2,000.
ANS:
F DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Interpretive
453
Chapter7/Consumers,Producers,andtheEfficiencyofMarketsv467
11.IfDarbyvaluesasoccerballat$50,andshepays$40forit,herconsumersurplusis$10.
ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Applicative
12.IfDarbyvaluesasoccerballat$50,andshepays$40forit,herconsumersurplusis$90.
ANS:
F DIF:
1 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Applicative
13.Allelseequal,anincreaseinsupplywillcauseanincreaseinconsumersurplus.
ANS:
T DIF:
2 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Applicative
14.Supposethereisanincreaseinsupplythatreducesmarketprice.Consumersurplusincreasesbecause
（1）consumersurplusreceivedbyexistingbuyersincreasesand
（2）newbuyersenterthemarket.
ANS:
T DIF:
2 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Interpretive
15.Ifthegovernmentimposesabindingpricefloorinamarket,thentheconsumersurplusinthatmarketwillincrease.
ANS:
F DIF:
2 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Applicative
16.Ifthegovernmentimposesabindingpricefloorinamarket,thentheconsumersurplusinthatmarketwilldecrease.
ANS:
T DIF:
2 REF:
7-1 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ConsumersurplusMSC:
Applicative
17.Eachsellerofaproductiswillingtosellaslongasthepriceheorshecanreceiveisgreaterthantheopportunitycostofproducingtheproduct.
ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
OpportunitycostMSC:
Interpretive
18.Atanyquantity,thepricegivenbythesupplycurveshowsthecostofthelowest-costseller.ANS:
F DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
OpportunitycostMSC:
Interpretive
19.Inacompetitivemarket,salesgotothoseproducerswhoarewillingtosupplytheproductatthelowestprice.
ANS:
T DIF:
1
REF:
7-2
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Efficiency
MSC:
Interpretive
20.Producersurplusistheamountasellerispaidminusthecostofproduction.
ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Definitional
21.Producersurplusisthecostofproductionminustheamountasellerispaid.
ANS:
F DIF:
1 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Definitional
22.Allelseequal,anincreaseindemandwillcauseanincreaseinproducersurplus.
ANS:
T DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Applicative
23.Allelseequal,adecreaseindemandwillcauseanincreaseinproducersurplus.
ANS:
F DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Applicative
24.IfproducingasoccerballcostsJake$5,andhesellsitfor$40,hisproducersurplusis$45.ANS:
F DIF:
1 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Applicative
25.IfproducingasoccerballcostsJake$5,andhesellsitfor$40,hisproducersurplusis$35.ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Applicative
26.Conniecancleanwindowsinlargeofficebuildingsatacostof$1perwindow.Themarketpriceforwindow-cleaningservicesis$3perwindow.IfConniecleans100windows,herproducersurplusis$100.
ANS:
F DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Applicative
27.Conniecancleanwindowsinlargeofficebuildingsatacostof$1perwindow.Themarketpriceforwindow-cleaningservicesis$3perwindow.IfConniecleans100windows,herproducersurplusis$200.
ANS:
T DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Applicative
28.Theareabelowthepriceandabovethesupplycurvemeasurestheproducersurplusinamarket.ANS:
T DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Interpretive
29.Theareabelowthedemandcurveandabovethesupplycurvemeasurestheproducersurplusinamarket.ANS:
F DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Interpretive
30.Ifthegovernmentimposesabindingpriceceilinginamarket,thentheproducersurplusinthatmarketwillincrease.
ANS:
F DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Applicative
31.Whendemandincreasessothatmarketpriceincreases,producersurplusincreasesbecause
（1）producersurplusreceivedbyexistingsellersincreases,and
（2）newsellersenterthemarket.
ANS:
T DIF:
2 REF:
7-2 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
ProducersurplusMSC:
Interpretive
32.Totalsurplusinamarketisconsumersurplusminusproducersurplus.
ANS:
F DIF:
1
REF:
7-3
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Totalsurplus
MSC:
Definitional
33.Totalsurplus=Valuetobuyers-Coststosellers.
ANS:
T DIF:
2
REF:
7-3
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Totalsurplus
MSC:
Interpretive
34.Totalsurplusinamarketcanbemeasuredastheareabelowthesupplycurveplustheareaabovethedemandcurve,uptothepointofequilibrium.
ANS:
F DIF:
2
REF:
7-3
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Totalsurplus
MSC:
Interpretive
35.ProducingasoccerballcostsJake$5.HesellsittoDarbyfor$35.Darbyvaluesthesoccerballat$50.Forthistransaction,thetotalsurplusinthemarketis$40.
ANS:
F DIF:
2
REF:
7-3
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Totalsurplus
MSC:
Applicative
36.Theequilibriumofsupplyanddemandinamarketmaximizesthetotalbenefitstobuyersandsellersofparticipatinginthatmarket.
ANS:
T DIF:
2
REF:
7-3
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Efficiency
MSC:
Interpretive
37.Efficiencyreferstowhetheramarketoutcomeisfair,whileequalityreferstowhetherthemaximumamountofoutputwasproducedfromagivennumberofinputs.
ANS:
F DIF:
1 REF:
7-3 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
Efficiency|EqualityMSC:
Definitional
38.Efficiencyisrelatedtothesizeoftheeconomicpie,whereasequalityisrelatedtohowthepiegetsslicedanddistributed.
ANS:
T DIF:
1 REF:
7-3 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
Efficiency|EqualityMSC:
Definitional
39.Freemarketsallocate（a）thesupplyofgoodstothebuyerswhovaluethemmosthighlyand（b）thedemandforgoodstothesellerswhocanproducethematleastcost.
ANS:
T DIF:
2
REF:
7-3
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Efficiency
MSC:
Interpretive
40.Economistsgenerallybelievethat,althoughtheremaybeadvantagestosocietyfromticket-scalping,thecoststosocietyofthisactivityoutweighthebenefits.
ANS:
F DIF:
2
REF:
7-3
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Efficiency
MSC:
Interpretive
41.Economistsarguethatrestrictionsagainstticketscalpingactuallydriveupthecostofmanytickets.
ANS:
T DIF:
2
REF:
7-3
NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand
TOP:
Efficiency
MSC:
Interpretive
42.IftheUnitedStateslegallyallowedforamarketintransplantorgans,itisestimatedthatonekidneywouldsellforatleast$100,000.
ANS:
F DIF:
2 REF:
7-3 NAT:
Analytic
LOC:
Supplyanddemand TOP:
Efficiency|EqualityMSC:
Interpretive
43.Eventhough
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