牛津上海版八年级上册Unit4 Numbers重要知识点及语法点精讲练习无答案Word下载.docx
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31subtractv.减去32multiplyv.乘
33solvev.解答；
解决34checkv.检查；
核查
重要短语及句型
1.oddnumbers奇数
2.evennumbers偶数
3.calculatepercentagesandsquareroots计算百分比和平方根
4.callthebrainalivingcomputer把人脑称为一台活电脑
5.turnon/offyourmobilephone打开/关上你的手机
6.inourdailylife在我们的日常生活中
7.aninternationallanguage一种国际语言
8.addAtoB把A加到B
9.atleast最起码，最少
atmost最多
10.inancienttimes在古代
11.inmanydifferentways用很多不同的方式
inthesameway用相同的方式
12.countintens以十进制的方法数数
13.thesystemofnumbers数字系统
14.developingcountry发展中国家
developedcountry发达国家
withthedevelopmentof…随着……的发展
15.makeiteasiertowrite使书写更简单
16.inyourwholelifetime在你的一生中
17.brainagainstcomputer大脑对决电脑
18.thefollowingstory下列的故事
19.withanamazingbrain带有令人惊异的大脑
20.fiftyseconds50秒
21.inaflash一瞬间
22.belikelightning闪电般地，飞快地
23.powerfulcalculatingmachines有效的计算工具
24.programmethecomputerwithinstructions用指令给电脑编程
25.4plus3equals/is7.4加3等于7。
26.5minus3equals/is2.5减3等于2
27.amodernelectroniccalculator一只现代的电子计算器
28.agreatinventor一位伟大的发明家
29.animportantinvention一个重要的发明
30.add…and…把……和……加起来
subtract…from…把……减去……
multiply…by…把……乘以……
divide…by把……除以……
词性转换:
原词
可能的变形
invent（v.）发明
invention（n.）发明物
inventor（n.）发明家
amaze（v.）使惊奇
amazed（adj.）感到惊奇的
amazing（adj.）令人惊奇的
calculate（v.）计算
calculation（n.）计算
calculating（adj.）计算的
calculator（n.）计算器
electron（n.）电子
electronic（adj.）电子的
electric（adj.）带电有关的
electrical（adj.）与电有关的
electricity（n.）电
live（v.）生活
living（adj.）活的
alive（adj.）活着的
lively（adj.）活泼的
instruct（v.）指示
instruction（n.）指示
develop（v.）发展
developing（adj.）发展中的
developed（adj.）发达的
development（n.）发展
near（adv.）接近
nearly（adv.）差不多
power（n.）力
powerful（adj.）强大的
Greece（n.）希腊
Greek（n./adj.）希腊人，希腊语/希腊的
nation（n.）国家
national（adj.）国内的
international（adj.）国际的
nationality（n.）国籍
especial（adj.）特别的
especially（adv.）特别，尤其
light（n.）光
lightning（n.）闪电
life（n.）生命
lifetime（n.）一生
program（v.）编程
programme（n.）节目
solve（v.）解决
solution（n.）解答
随堂小测练：
1.ThefirststeamenginebyJamesWattwasoneofthegreatest_______________（invent）intheworld.
2.Theelectriclightisagreat_______________（inventor）byThomasEdison.
3.Who_______________（invention）the1to9systemofnumbers?
4.Wefindsome_______________（amaze）storiesinthisbook.
5.Hewas_______________（amaze）tohearthenews.
6.Letme_______________（calculation）thecostofthejourney.
7.Withthehelpofacomputer,wecando_______________（calculate）muchfaster.
8.Acomputeristhe_______________（calculator）machine.
9.Weuse_______________（calculating）tocalculate.
10.Studentsarenotallowedtouse_______________（electron）calculatorsinclass.
11.Scientistsfromallaroundtheworldwanttoknowwhyall_______________（live）thingsdiedattheendoftheCretaceousperiod（白垩纪）.
12.Youareluckytobe_______________（live）aftertheaccident.
13.Beforethecomputercouldbegincalculating,someonehadtoprogramitwith____________（instruct）.
14.Withthe_______________（develop）ofeconomy,Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.
15.Chinaisa_______________（develop）countryandUSAisa_______________（develop）country.
16.Althoughmygrandfatheris_______________（near）90yearsold,heisstillquiethealthy.
17.Thesportscarhasavery_______________（power）engine.
18.Knowledgeis_______________（powerful）.
19.Inancienttimes,peoplein_______________（Greek）weregoodatplantingcrops.
20.Asweallknow,Tokyoisan_______________（nation）city.
21.Thecarisquitesmall,_______________（especial）ifyouhavemanykids.
22.Weareafraidof_______________andthunder.（light）
23.Ittookhimthewhole_______________tobuythehouse.（life）
24.Someonehadtofirst_______________（programme）thecomputerwithinstructions.
25.Useyourbrain,andtryyourbestto_______________（solution）theproblemyourself.
同义句转换:
【U4同义句转换】
1.inthepast=inancienttimes
Inthepast,manypeoplewearsilkclothes.
=In________________________,manypeoplewearsilkclothes.
2.nobody=noone
NobodyhasbeentotheWestLake.=________________________hasbeentotheWestLake.
3.so+adj.+that+句子（肯定）=adj.+enoughtodosth.
Herbrainissopowerfulthatshecanworkitoutinsuchashorttime.
=Herbrainis________________________toworkitoutinsuchashorttime.
Abacusesaresoaccuratethatthepeoplestillusethemtoday.
=Abacusesare________________________forpeopletousethemtoday.
4.add…and…dividedby…is/equals…
Divide36by4,theansweris9.=36____________by4____________9.
Fourandthreeisseven.=Ifyou____________fourandthree,youget____________.
5.sb.spend（spent）time（in）doingsth./onsth.=Ittakes（took）sb.timetodosth.
Jimtookthreesecondstofindtheanswer.
=________________________Jimthreesecondstofindtheanswer.
Ispent3hoursmakingabirthdaycakeformydad.
=It____________me3hours____________makeabirthdaycakeformydad..
6.tooadj.forsb.todosth.=soadjthat+句子（否定）=notadj.（反义）enoughforsb.todo
Theproblemissodifficultthatallthestudentscan’tworkitout.
=Theproblemis____________difficult____________allthestudentsworkout.
Theoldmanissoweakthathecouldn’twalkbyhimself.
=Theoldmanis____________weak____________walkbyhimself.
=Theoldmanis________________________enoughtowalkbyhimself.
7….oryouwilldo…=Ifyoudon’tdo…,youwill…
Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.
=Ifyou____________hurryup,you____________missthetrain.
8.solve=workout
Iwillhelpyousolvetheproblem.=Iwillhelpyou________________________theproblem.
9.almost=nearly
Thejobisalmostfinished.=Thejobis______________finished.
10.inashorttime=inaflash
Mumwillbebackinashorttime.=Mumwillbeback____________________________________.
11.correct=accurate
Hegavecorrectanswerstothequestions.=Hegave____________answerstothequestions.
12.notforget=rememberturnoff=notturnon（反义转换）
Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.
=____________toturnoffthelightsbefore____________.
Pleaseturnofftheradio.=Please____________turn____________theradio.
13.notanything=nothing
Hedidn’tsayanythingatthemeeting.=He________________________atthemeeting.
14.nooneelse=nobodyelse
Paulsingsthebestinourclass.=________________________inourclasssingsaswellasPauldoes.
=____________________________________inourclasssingsaswellasPauldoes.
15.represent=standfor
Theheartrepresentslove.=Theheart________________________love.
16.joined+过去时间点ago=has/havebeenin…+for时间段
Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.
=He____________________________________thearmyforfiveyears.
17….not……not…,either=neither…nor…+v.（单数形式）
LiHuadoesn’tlikeswimming.WangHaidoesn’tlikeswimming,either.
=____________LiHua____________WangHai____________swimming.
重要语法
1.基数词变序数词
基变序，很容易，1,2,3，特殊记，结尾字母t,d,d,
8少t，9去e,ve要用f替。
几十几只变个位就可以，
整十变序也容易，y变ie就可以。
末尾th别忘记。
注意：
four—fourteen—forty—forty-twonine—nineteen—ninety—ninety-nine
fourth—fourteenth—fortieth—forty-secondninth—nineteenth—ninetieth—ninety-ninth
2.几种特殊数词表达法：
（一）普通分数：
子基母序，分子>
1，分母+S
1/3:
onethird2/3:
twothirds
1/2:
读作ahalf或onehalf
1/4读作aquarter或onefourth
（二）百分比：
基数词+percent（percent）
2%读作twopercent27%读作twenty-sevenpercent
（三）习惯表达：
oneandahalfapples=oneappleandahalf一个半苹果
halfanapple半个苹果oneortwoapples=oneappleortwo一两个苹果
10:
30halfpastten
25twenty–fivepastten
9:
45fifteentoten或aquartertoten
3.加减乘除---数字的运算
（一）基础知识：
=:
is/equals+:
plus-:
minus*:
multipliedby/:
dividedby都是介词。
加法：
3plus9is/equals12.减法：
9minus3is/equals6.
乘法：
3multipliedby9is/equals27.除法：
9dividedby3is/equals3.
（二）句型：
通常用“加减乘除”的动词原形来开头，构成祈使句，命令做题者。
AddAandBSubtractAfromB
MultiplyAbyBDivideAbyB
Ifweadd2to5,wecanget7.Multiply2by3,please.
4.读数：
1000以上数，使用计数符号，每三位加以逗号，从第一个逗号起单位依次为thousand,million,billion.“万”表达为tenthousand
例：
579fivehundredandseventy-nine
802eighthundredandtwo
4,352fourthousandthreehundredandfifty-two
14,615fourteenthousandsixhundredandfifteen
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