人教版高一英语必修五Unit1知识点详解Word下载.docx
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putforward提出(建议等);
提名;
提前,把时钟往前拨Heputforwardanewplan.他提出一个新计划。
MayIputyournameforwardasapossiblechairmanofthecommittee?
我能否提名你当委员会主席?
[归纳拓展]putdown记下;
镇压putout关掉;
熄灭putaside放在一边;
储存;
保留putoff推迟;
延期putup建造;
举起;
张贴puton穿上putaway收好选词填空(putoff,putup,putforward,putaside,putout)①Theplanthatyou_____atthemeetingiswonderful.②Manytallbuildingswere_____alongtheroad.③Firefightershavebeencalledto_____thefireinthecitycenter.④Hehasalittlemoneyto_____forarainyday.⑤Don’t_____untiltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.Part2.Pre-reading,readingandcomprehending1.Doyouknowhowtoproveanewideainscientificresearchhowtoproveanewidea为“疑问词+不定式”结构,该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
Wehaven’tdecidedwheretogo.我们还没有决定去哪里。
Thequestioniswhentoleave.问题是什么时候动身。
2.drawaconclusion得出结论1)conclusion作名词,意为�D结束,结论‖cometo/reach/arriveataconclusion得出结论inconclusion最后IwillinconclusionsayafewwordsaboutmyvisittoTokyo.最后,我对我的东京之行说几句。
2)conclude作动词,�D结束;
断定;
决定‖。
toconclude(作插入语)最后,作为总结(=tosumup)Toconclude,Ithinksmokingdoesmoreharmthangoodtous.3.JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon―soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.约翰・斯诺是伦敦一位的医生――他的确医术精湛,以至于成了照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。
expert①n.专家,能手anexpertinpsychology(心理学)anagriculturalexpert②adj.熟练的,有专门技术的anexpertjob需专门知识的工作Heisexpertin/atcooking.attendvt.&
vi参加,注意,照料①bepresentat参加attendaceremony/lecture/ameeting②attendto(on):
tolookafter,carefor,serve伺候,照顾,看护Thequeenhadagooddoctorattending(on)her.DrSmithattendedherinhospital.Motherhadtoattendtohersickson.③attendto处理,注意倾听Canyouattendtothematterimmediately?
Imaybelate�CIhavegotoneortwothingstoattendto.4.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通人时,他就感到很振奋。
(1)exposedtocholera在句中是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动。
意为�D患霍乱的‖。
如:
ThebookwrittenbyLuxunisverypopular.鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。
ThemanseenbyusyesterdayisProfessorSmith.昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯教授。
(2)expose①暴露exposesb/sthtosthHeexposeshisskintothesun.他把皮肤暴露在阳光下。
②揭露Heexposedtheirplot.他揭穿了他们的阴谋。
Thecrimeofthecorruptofficialsmustbeexposedwithoutanyreserve.对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。
exposedadj.暴露的,暴露于风雨中的,无掩蔽的exposednessn.暴露,显露exposesth.tothelightofday把某事暴露于光天化日之下exposeafraud揭穿骗局练习:
Thedisc,digitally_____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded5.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.对于它的起因和治疗方法人们都不清楚。
neither...nor...既不……也不,连接句中两个相同成分。
①Ineitherknewnorcaredwhathadhappenedtohim.我既不知道也不关心他出了什么事。
②NeitherFrancenorBritainwillattendthemeetingnextweek.法国和英国都将不会参加下星期的会议。
③NeitherJimnorhisparentshaveseenthefilm.=NeitherhisparentsnorJimhasseenthefilm.吉姆和她的父母都没有看过这部电影。
curevt.治疗,治愈,改正n.治疗,治愈,治疗法①curesb(ofsth)治好了某人(的...,...)Theonlywaytocurebackacheistorest.治疗背痛的办法是休息。
WhenIleftthehospitalIwascompletelycured.Thatnastyshockcuredhimofhisinquisitivenessforever.那一沉重教训根除了他凡事爱打听的毛病。
Thisillnesscannotbecuredeasily.这种病不好治.②acureforsth.治疗…的方法;
解决问题,改善困境Isthereacertaincureforcanceryet?
癌症迄今有无有效的治疗方法?
Thepricesaregoingupeveryday,butthereisnocureforrisingprices.6.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.人们既不知道它的病因,也不懂如何治疗。
每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。
(1)本句为复合句,�DSomanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied‖为主句,everytime引导时间状语从句,意思是�D每当……‖。
(2)有些名词短语或副词可以起连词的作用,引导时间状语从句。
例如:
everytime,eachtime,thelasttime,nexttime,themoment,theminute,immediately,instantly等。
①Everytime/EachtimeIexpressanopinion,shearguesback.每当我发表意见时,她总是反驳。
②Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworldthemoment/theminute/immediatelyIarrivedhere.我一到这里就感到耳目一新。
③ThelasttimeIsawhim,hewasquitewell.我最后一次看到他时,他还相当健康。
④Giveyourfathermybestregardsnexttimeyouseehim.下次你见到你父亲时,请代我向他致以的问候。
[拓展延伸]
(1)forthefirsttime是介词短语,常用作时间状语,而thefirsttime是连词,引导时间状语从句。
(2)Itisthefirsttimethat...如果前面用is,从句动词用现在完成时;
如果前面用was,则从句动词用过去完成时.(3)It’s(high)timethat...从句动词用过去时或should+动词原形。
It’shightimewetookimmediateactiontopreventpollution.该到我们立即采取措施阻止污染的时候了。
7.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair,acloudofdangerousgasfloatedarounduntilitfounditsvictims.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖,像一股危险气体在空中到处漂浮,直到找到病毒的受害人。
suggestv.建议;
暗示;
表明suggest+doing/sth./thatsb.(should)dosth.Maysuggestedapicnicattheweekend.HesuggestedtousavisittotheGreatWall.HesuggestedusvisitingtheGreatWall.Isuggestedleavingearlyfortheairport.Hesuggestedthatwe(should)visittheGreatWall.Shesuggestedthatherfather(should)giveupsmoking.*suggest(暗示,表明)+从句不用虚拟语气。
Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatsheagreedwithme.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewashappy.8..Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。
absorbvt.
(1)专注,聚精会神beabsorbedin=putone’sheartinto集中精力做某事Iwasabsorbedinabookanddidn’thearyourcall.我正专心看书,没听到你的电话。
Absorbedinhiswork,Tomsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.汤姆专心工作,几乎忘记了吃饭和睡觉。
(2)吸收,把……吸收入(absorb...into...)Blackclothabsorbslight.黑布吸收光线。
��Thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization.这家大公司逐渐将这些小公司吞并了。
Thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehim.那个聪明的男孩把他老师所能教他的所有知识都理解了。
9.JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrectbutheneededevidence.约翰・斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的,但需要有证据。
suspectvt.认为,怀疑常用短语:
suspectsthtobe;
suspectsbofdoingsth.Theysuspecthimtobethemurderer.(他们怀疑他是凶手)Shesuspectedhimoftakinghermoney.n.嫌疑犯;
可疑分子[C]10.....,thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.severeadj.严厉地;
苛刻的;
严格的beseverewith/on对....严格/严厉Youaretoosevereontheboy.剧痛的;
剧烈的;
严重的asevereattackoftoothache牙痛的剧烈发作adv.severely11.Next,JohnSnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets.接下来,约翰・斯诺调查了这两条街上的水源。
lookinto调查,了解,研究;
朝„„里面看��与one’sface/eyes等连用,表示“注视”Helooksintoherfacewithgreatinterest.�に�饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸。
��和look组成的其他短语��lookaround/about环顾四周lookafter照顾;
照料��lookback回头看lookbackon回顾;
回想��lookdownupon轻视,瞧不起lookfor寻求;
寻找��lookforwardto(doing)盼望lookon旁观��lookon/upon...as把„„看作lookout往外看;
注意;
当心��lookthrough浏览lookup抬头看;
查看lookuptosb.尊敬/仰慕某人12.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看来要归罪于饮用水了。
blamev.责备;
谴责;
把……归咎于n.过失;
责备;
(过失、过错等)责任①blamesb.forsth./doingsth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事Theyblamedthesecretaryforthedelayoftheplan.②blamesth.onsb./sth.把某事归咎于某人;
因某事而指责某人Thepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonjack’scarelessdriving.③betoblamefor(doing)sth.因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责;
注意:
betoblame应受责备(主动表被动);
应负责任Thedriverwasnottoblameforthetrafficaccident.④accept/bear/taketheblameforsth.对某事负责任Heisreadytotaketheblameforwhathadhappened.⑤put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.将某事归咎于某人13.InanotherpartofLondon,hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.在伦敦的另一地区,他从另外两例与布洛德街疾病爆发有关的死亡病例中得到了有力的证据。
linkvt.连接;
联系n.环;
连接;
联系;
纽带14.Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.一个妇女,从布洛德街搬走了,但她非常喜欢水泵的水,她让人每天从水泵给她家送水。
15.WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.利用这个额外证据,约翰・斯诺就可以很有把握地宣布污染水携带病菌。
announcevt.
(1)宣布,宣告(决定、计划等)announcesth.(tosb.)(向某人)宣布、通告某事announcethat...宣布……;
通知……Itisannouncedthat...据宣布…Pleaseannouncetoyourclassthattherewillbenoschooltomorrow.请通知你们班明天不上学。
IthasbeenofficiallyannouncedthathewillpayasecondvisittoChinasoon.据官方消息称,他不久将再次来中国访问。
(2)(事情)显示……;
预告Thebrightflowersannouncedthatspringwashere.鲜艳的花朵显示春天已经来到。
[拓展延伸]announcementn.宣布;
口头通知announcern.播音员makeanannouncement下通知16.Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.为防止这种情况再度发生,约翰・斯诺建议,所有水源都要经过检测。
prevent/stop...(from)doingsth.或keep...fromdoingsth.意为�D阻止……做某事‖①Whatcanwedotopreventthediseasespreading.我们能做什么来防止这种疾病蔓延呢?
②Weshouldtakemeasurestopreventtheriverfrombeingpollutedfurther.我们应该采取措施阻止这条河受到进一步的污染。
examinev.检查;
细查;
诊察;
审问;
盘问Thedoctorexaminedtheboyandfoundtherewasnothingthematterwithhim.Thelawyerexaminedthewitness.examinationn.考试;
检查;
细查takeanexamination参加考试medicalexamination体检underexamination在检查中;
在审查中17.Finally“KingCholera”wasdefeated.�D霍乱王‖终于被击败了。
[辨析]win,beat与defeatwin�D赢得‖赛事、战事、某物;
beat�D战胜‖�D击败‖比赛中的对手,可与defeat互换Webeat/defeatedtheirteamby10scores.Theywonthebattlebutlostmanymen.Thelocalballteamwonthestatechampionshipbybeating/defeatingalltheotherteams.第5/9页Part3.LearningaboutLanguage1.takein收留;
包括take相关短语:
takeafter相似takeapart把(小型机器、钟表等)拆开;
拆散takeaway拿走takeback承认说错了(话),收回(诺言,话语);
使回忆起;
送回,还回去;
退(货)takeoff脱下,脱去(尤指衣服);
解(拿)掉--puton(反义词);
(飞机等)升空,起飞takeon雇用;
开始具有/呈现(某种品质、面貌等);
露出;
接受(工作等);
承担(责任等)takeout带(某人)去(某处参加社交活动等);
正式取得,领得,获得;
洗去(污迹),使褪色takeover接手,