Unit5文献阅读与翻译第5章优质PPT.pptx

Unit5文献阅读与翻译第5章优质PPT.pptx

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,Rocketshavefoundapplicationfortheexplorationoftheuniverse,火箭已经用来探索宇宙。

2）Conversionofprepositionsintoverbs,Aforceisneededtomoveanobjectagainstinertia.,为使物体克服惯性而运动，就需要一个力。

Thesestaffmembersworkedlonghoursonmeagerfood，incoldcaves，bydimlamps。

这些工作人员每天长时间工作，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住的是冰冷的窑洞，点的是暗淡的油灯。

3）Conversionofadjectivesintoverbs,ManyEnglishadjectivesafteralinkverbindicatingonesconsciousness,feelings,emotions,desires,etc.arealwaysconvertedintoChineseverbs.Thesewordsinclude:

confident,certain,careful,cautious,angry,sure,ignorant,afraid,doubtful,aware,concerned,glad,delighted,sorry,ashamed,thankful,anxious,grateful,able,andsoon.,Doctorshavesaidthattheyarenotsuretheycansavehislife.,医生说他们不敢肯定救得了他的命。

Bothofthesubstancesaresolubleinwater.,两种物质都能溶于水。

4）AdverbsConvertedIntoVerbs,1）Whentheswitchisoff,thecircuitisopenandelectricitydoesntgothrough.当开关断开时，电路就形成开路，电流不能通过。

2）Inthiscasethetemperatureinthefurnaceisup.这种情况下，炉温就升高。

conclusion,OneofthemostremarkabledifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinesesyntaxistheuseoftheverb.ItistakenforgrantedthatanEnglishsentencecontainsnomorethanonepredicateverb,whileinChineseitsnotunusualtohaveclustersofverbsinasimplesentence.,2.ConversionintoNouns,1）VerbsintonounsSuchmaterialsarecharacterizedbygoodinsulationandhighresistancetowear.,这些材料的特点是：

绝缘性好，耐磨性强。

Thedesignaimsatautomaticoperation,easyregulation,simplemaintenanceandhighproductivity.,设计的目的在于自动操作，调节方便，维护简易，生产率高。

Someverbsthatarederivedfromnounscanhardlybetranslatedliterallysotheyareusuallyconvertedintonouns.,2）AdjectivesConvertedIntoNouns,Boththecompoundsareacids,theformerisstrong,thelatterweak.,这两种化合物都是酸，前者是强酸，后者是弱酸。

Inthefissionprocessesthefissionfragmentsareveryradioactive.,在裂变过程中，裂变碎片具有强烈的放射性,Adjectiveswiththedefinitearticlestoindicatecategoriesofpeople,things,oradjectivesusedaspredicativetoindicatethenatureofthingsmayalsobeconvertedintonouns.,3）Pronounsconvertedintonouns,Thespecificresistanceofironisnotsosmallasthatofcopper.Radiowavesaresimilartolightwavesexcepttheirwavelengthismuchgreater.,铁的电阻系数不如铜的电阻系数那样小。

无线电波与光波相似，但无线电波的波长要长得多。

EnglishpronounsaremorefrequentlyusedthanChinese.Inordertomakeclearwhattheyreallyreferto,wesometimeshavetoconvertthemintonouns,i.e.,torepeatthenounsthattheystandfor.,3.ConversionIntoAdjectives,1）NounsintoadjectivesThepallorofherfaceindicatedclearlyhowshewasfeelingatthemoment.Independentthinkingisanabsolutenecessityinstudy.,她苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪,学习中的独立思考是绝对必要的。

SometimesitisconvenientforatranslatortoconvertEnglishnounsintoChineseadjectives.,2）Adverbsintoadjectives,Earthquakesarecloselyrelatedtofaulting.Itisdemonstratedthatgasesareperfectlyelastic.NotonlycanEnglishadverbsbeconvertedintoChineseadjectives,butalsointonounsoccasionally.Heisphysicallyweakbutmentallysound.,地震与断裂运动有密切的关系。

已经证实，气体具有理想的弹性。

他身体虽弱，但思想健康。

EnglishadverbsareusedmoreextensivelythanChineseadverbs;

andmanyofthemcanbeconvertedintoChineseadjectives.,4.ConversionintoAdverbs,1）AdjectivesintoadverbsBelow4C,waterisincontinuousexpansioninsteadofcontinuouscontraction.Ahelicopterisfreetogoalmostanywhere.,水在4度以下就不断地膨胀，而不是不断地收缩。

直升飞机几乎可以自由地飞到任何地方去。

ThisisthemostcommoncasewhenanounmodifiedbyanadjectiveisconvertedintoaverbintheChineseversion.Sometimes,itisjustforthesakeofconvenience.,2）NounsandVerbsConvertedIntoAdverbs,Rapidevaporationattheheating-surfacetendstomakethesteamwet.Thenewmayorearnedsomeappreciationbythecourtesyofcomingtovisitthecitypoor.,加热面上的迅速蒸发，往往使蒸汽的湿度变大。

新市长有礼貌地前来访问城市贫民，获得了他们的一些好感。

ThisconversionisadoptedtomaketheversionconformtotheidiomaticChineseexpression.,Sometimes,itmayinvolvethechangeofvariouselementsofasentence,suchasfromthesubjecttotheobject,andviceversa.Asthematchburns,heatandlightaregivenoff.Thissortofstonehasarelativedensityof2.7.,火柴燃烧时发出光和热。

（fromthesubjecttotheobject）,这种石头的相对密度是2.7。

（fromtheobjecttothesubject）,Caremustbetakenatalltimestoprotecttheinstrumentfromdustanddamp.Asemiconductorhasapoorconductivityatroomtemperature,butitmaybecomeagoodconductorathightemperature.,应当始终注意保护仪器，不使其沾染灰尘和受潮。

（主语转为谓语）,在室温下，半导体的电导率差，但在高温下，却可能成为良导体。

（fromthesubjecttotheattributive）,5.C-ETranslation,ConversionisalsoacommonpracticeinChinese-Englishtranslation.Asismentionedabove,Chinesesentencesaboundwithverbsandarecomparativelyshortandstraightforward.WhentranslatedintoEnglish,manyoftheverbsinChinesesentenceshavetobeconvertedintootherpartsofspeechsuchasnouns,adjectives,prepositionsorprepositionsphrases,andsoon.Ontheotherhand,someChineseadjectivesmaybeconvertedintoEnglishnouns,andChinesenounsintoEnglishverbs,andviceversa.,5.C-ETranslation,林则徐认为，要成功地制止鸦片买卖，就得把鸦片焚毁。

LinZexubelievedthatasuccessfulbanofthetradeinopiummustbeprecededbythedestructionofthedrugitself.（adv+verb-adj+nouns;

verb-noun）大会主席说：

“一定要少说空话，多做工作。

”Thechairmanpresidingovertheconferencesaid,“Theremustbelessemptytalkandmorehardwork.”（adv+verb+object-adj+subject）,他们不顾一切困难和挫折，坚持战斗。

Theykeptonfightinginspiteofalldifficultiesandsetbacks.（verbprep.phrase）该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。

Theproductsofthisfactoryarechieflycharacterizedbytheirfineworkmanshipanddurability.（adj+nounadv+verb）,这种人闹什么东西呢？

闹名誉，闹地位，闹出风头。

Whatarethesepeopleafter?

Theyareafterfameandpositionandwanttobeinthelimelight.（verbs-prepositions）,Specialattention:

thetranslationofcopyrights,Originalwording,styleandformshouldbekept.Matter-of-fact-attitude.Rigidgrammarandfrequentuseofthepassivevoice.,Thanks,