考研全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一真题Word文件下载.docx

考研全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一真题Word文件下载.docx

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Althoughsadnessalso14tears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow15muscularresponses.

Inanexperimentpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofWü

rzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto16apeneitherwiththeirteeth

orwiththeirlips,whichwouldproducea（n）17expression.

Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirsmilingmuscles18moreenthusiasticallytofunnycartoonsthandidthosewhosemouthswerecontractedinafrown,19

20,thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprove

mood.

1.[A]among[B]except[C]despite[D]like

3.[A]stabilizing[B]boosting[C]impairing[D]determining

4.[A]transmit[B]sustain[C]evaluate[D]observe

5.[A]measurable[B]manageable[C]affordable[D]renewable

6.[A]Inturn[B]Infact[C]Inaddition[D]Inbrief

7.[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected

8.[A]hardens[B]weakens[C]tightens[D]relaxes

9.[A]aggravate[B]generate[C]moderate[D]enhance

10.[A]physical[B]mental[C]subconscious[D]internal

11.[A]Exceptfor[B]Accordingto[C]Dueto[D]Asfor

12.[A]with[B]on[C]in[D]at

13.[A]unless[B]until[C]if[D]because

14.[A]exhausts[B]follows[C]precedes[D]suppresses

15.[A]into[B]from[C]towards[D]beyond

16.[A]fetch[B]bite[C]pick[D]hold

18.[A]adapted[B]catered[C]turned[D]reacted

19.[A]suggesting[B]requiring[C]mentioning[D]supposing

20.[A]Eventually[B]Consequently[C]Similarly[D]Conversely

SectionReadingComprehension

PartADirections:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,Cor

D.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.

Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.

Hooray!

Atlast!

wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic.

Oneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprise,however,isthatGilbertiscomparativelylittleknown.

EvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbertsappointmentintheTimes,callshimanunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim.

AsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez,thatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsome

Timesreadersasfaintpraise.

Formypart,IhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.

Tobesure,heperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositions,butitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHall,oranywhereelse,tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.

AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelf,orbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes.

Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.

Forthetime,attention,andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahouses,dancetroupes,theatercompanies,andmuseums,butalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.

Theserecordingsarecheap,availableeverywhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantodaysliveperformances;

moreover,theycanbeconsumedatatimeandplaceofthelistenerschoosing.

Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert.

Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecord.

Gilbertsowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:

AlexRoss,aclassical-musiccritic,hasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhilharmonicintoamarkedlydifferent,morevibrantorganization.

Butwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifference?

Merelyexpandingtheorchestrasrepertoirewillnotbeenough.

Americasoldestorchestraandthenewaudienceithopestoattract.

21.WelearnfromParagraph1thatGilbertsappointmenthas

[A]incurredcriticism.

[B]raisedsuspicion.

[C]receivedacclaim.

[D]arousedcuriosity.

22.TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois

[A]

[B]modest.

[C]respectable.

[D]talented.

23.Theauthorbelievesthatthedevotedconcertgoers

[A]ignoretheexpensesofliveperformances.

[B]

[C]exaggeratethevarietyofliveperformances.

[D]overestimatethevalueofliveperformances.

24.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueofrecordings?

[A]Theyareofteninferiortoliveconcertsinquality.

[B]Theyareeasilyaccessibletothegeneralpublic.

[C]Theyhelpimprovethequalityofmusic.

[D]Theyhaveonlycoveredmasterpieces.

25.RegardingGilbertsroleinrevitalizingthePhilharmonic,theauthorfeels

[A]doubtful.

[B]enthusiastic.

[C]

[D]puzzled.

Text2

WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.

Ratherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuses,hecamerightoutandsaidhewasleavingtopursuemygoalofrunningacompany.

Broadcastinghisambitionwasverymuchmydecision,McGeesays.

Withintwoweeks,hewastalking

chairmanonSeptember29.

ofcompanyhewantedtorun.

Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.

AndMcGeeisntalone.

InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.

Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsetoshareholderpressure,executiveswhodontgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon.

Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations.

Inthethirdquarter,CEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhad,accordingtoLiberumResearch.

Astheeconomypicksup,opportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders.

Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.

ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached.

SaysKorn/FerryseniorpartnerDennisCarey:

Icant

thinkofasinglesearchIvedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOs

talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.

EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanaadecadeago,sayingshewantedtobeaCEO.

ItwasayearbeforeshebecameheadofatinyInternet-basedcommoditiesexchange.

RobertWillumstadleftCitigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.

institutionthreeyearslater.

Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.

Thetraditionalrulewasitssafertostaywhereyouare,butthatsbeenfundamentallyinverted,saysoneheadhunter.

Thepeoplewhovebeenhurttheworstarethosewhovestayedtoolong.

26.WhenMcGeeannouncedhisdeparture,hismannercanbestbedescribedasbeing

[A]arrogant.

[B]frank.

[C]self-centered.

[D]impulsive.

27.AccordingtoParagraph2,seniorexecutivesquittingmaybespurredby

[A]

[B]

[C]theirstrainedrelationswiththeboards.

[D]theirpursuitofnewcareergoals.

28.ThewordpoachedParagraph4mostprobablymeans

[A]approvedof.

[B]attendedto.

[C]huntedfor.

[D]guardedagainst.

29.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat

[A]topperformersusedtoclingtotheirposts.

[B]loyaltyoftopperformersisgettingout-dated.

[C]topperformerscaremoreaboutreputations.

[D]itssafertosticktothetraditionalrules.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

[A]CEOs:

WheretoGo?

[B]CEOs:

AlltheWayUp?

[C]TopManagersJumpwithoutaNet

[D]TheOnlyWayOutforTopPerformers

Text3

Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.

Nolonger.

Whiletraditionalpaidmediasuchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisements

ofmedia.

Consumerspassionateaboutaproductmaycreateearnedmediabywillinglypromotingittofriends,andacompanymayleverageownedmediabysendinge-mailalertsaboutproductsandsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.

Thewayconsumersnowapproachtheprocessofmakingpurchasedecisionsmeansthatmarketingsimpactstemsfromabroadrangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia.

Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.

Forearnedmedia,suchmarket