甘肃省兰州市第一中学学年高一上学期期中考文档格式.docx
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Ican’tfindbluefood—Ican’tfindtheflavorofblue!
Imeanyellowislemon;
orangeisorangeandredischerry.Whereisthebluefood?
”
Well,Carlinprettymuchhasitright—thereisnotnobluefood,butthere’scertainlynotalotofit.Fresh-pickedblueberriesareblue,thoughtheybecomepurplewhentheyareturnedintojam.Theblueinblueberries—likethepurpleingrapesandredintomatoes—isfoundinnature.Butitisn’tahotcolorforfood.Peopledon’tseemtopreferbluefood.Somedietprogramsevensuggestthatthosedeterminedtoloseweightshouldmaketheirfoodblue.
Eating,inpart,beginswithoureyes.CharesSpence—anexperimentalpsychologistfromOxfordUniversity—pointsoutthatcolorcanchangeourtasteexperience.Commonly,weconsiderred-coloredfoodsupto20%sweeterthantheyactuallyare;
andgreenfoodsasbeingmoresour.Spencesuggests:
humanexpectationsmaybeinfluencedbyourlonghistoryofwatching—greenfruitscanbecomesweetastheygrowupandturnred.
Butwhataboutblue?
Exceptblueberries,muchofthebluefoodweseethesedaysisdyedblueartificially.Foodproducersarguethatartificialcolordoesn’tdomuchdamagetohealth.Alotofresearchshowsthatsomephysicalproblemsofkidsarerelatedtofooddyes—whileotherstudiesshownoeffectsatall.Bluebirthdaycakeorevenblue-dyedchickencanbeservedonthedinnertable.Sowhat?
1.GeorgeCarlin’swordsareplacedatthebeginningofthepassageto_____.
A.showtheauthor’sopinionB.tellafamousperson
C.introduceaTVshowD.leadinthetopic
2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsofblueistrue?
A.Blueisnotaverypopularcolorforfoods.
B.Blueberriesarealwaysblue,whetherfreshornot.
C.Theblueinblueberriesisfoundunnatural.
D.Peopleoftenfeelcoldwhentheyeatblueberries.
3.Eatingsometimesbeginswithoureyesbecause_____.
A.red-coloredfoodsare20%sweeterthangreenfoods
B.ourtasteexperiencecanbeinfluencedbycolor
C.peoplepreferred-coloredfoodstogreenfoods
D.beforeeating,peoplewatchfoodforalongtime
4.Theunderlinedwords“isdyed”inpara.4areclosestinmeaningto“______”.
A.iseatenupB.hasgrownupC.ischangedincolorD.isharmfulto
【答案】
1.D
2.A
3.B
4.C
【解析】
确选项是A。
3.B细节理解题。
该题考查对第三段的细节理解程度。
根据“weconsiderred-coloredfoodsupto20%sweeterthantheyactuallyare;
andgreenfoodsasbeingmoresour.”可知，选项C错误。
选项A是对“nothot”的错误理解，因此是错的。
根据“humanexpectationsmaybeinfluencedbyourlonghistoryofwatching”是指人类的饮食经历受长时间观察食物生长经验的影响，而不是说吃东西之前要观察很久，因此选项D错误。
根据“thatcolor
【名师点睛】
猜测词义题。
阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。
我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。
做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。
我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。
在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。
4.C词义猜测题。
根据第三段结尾处“greenfruitscanbecomesweetastheygrowupandturnred.”和后面“Butwhataboutblue?
Exceptblueberries,muchofthebluefoodweencounterthesedaysisdyedblueartificially.”可知，前文说食物生长过程中改变颜色，转折词“But”表示转折，“artificially”意为“人工地”，可知“isdyed”意为“被染色”，故该题正确选项是C。
考点：
考查说明文阅读
B
EUROPEishometoavarietyofculturaltreasures.LonelyPlanet,theworld’slargesttravelguidepublisher,hasofferedpairsofcitiesforculture-hungrybuttimepoortravelers.
LondonandParis
IttakesyouabouttwohourstotravelfromLondontoParisbyEurostar,ahigh-speedrailwayservice.Thetwocapitalcitieshavebeencompetinginfashion,artandnightlifefordecades---buteachsecretlylooksuptotheother.
NoonecandoubtthegrandandimpressivebeautyofParis’LouvreMuseum,butifyouwanttosavemoney,youcannotskiptheBritishMuseumfreetovisit.ComparedwithLondon,Parishasmoreoutdoorattractions,suchasthebeautifulgreenwalkwayLaPromenadePlantee.
InParis,you’llseedinerslinger（逗留）overredwine.WhileinLondon,youcantrysomeafternoontea,eatfishandchipsorsaltedcake.
ViennaandBratislava
AustriancapitalViennaandSlovakiacityBratislavaareanhourapartbytrain.ButsincetheyarelinkedbytheDanubeRiver,thebestwaytotravelisbyship.Atourofthetwocitiesistheperfectwaytoexperienceeverythingfrom17thcentury’sHabsburgdynastsplendortosci-firestaurants..
ViennaisfamousforMozartandimperialpalaces.Youcanappreciatetheperfectblending（融合）ofarchitectureandnatureinthegrandScholossSchonbrunnPalace,andrewardyourselfwithacupofViennacoffee,whichhasmadeitswaytotheworld’sculturalheritage.
Bratislavaisbestknownforitsfinedining—theremarkableUFOrestaurant.Youcanenjoyameat-filleddinnerhereinanamazingsetting.
5.What’stherelationshipbetweenLondonandParisaccordingtothetext?
A.Theyhelpeachother.B.Theyattackeachother.
C.Theyadmireeachother.D.Theydon’tlikeeachother.
6.WhataretheadvantagesofParismentionedinthearticle?
a.LouvreMuseumb.Freeaccesstomuseums
c.Moreoutdoorattractionsd.Betterwinesandperfumes
A.acB.cdC.acdD.bcd
7.LonelyPlanetrecommendsthesetwopairsofcitiesbecause_________.
A.theyarenotexpensivetovisit
B.theyarebestknowntotheworld
C.theyarealwaysenemiesbetweeneachother
D.theyareclosebutdifferentinmanyaspects
5.C
6.A
7.D
试题分析：
本文主要介绍了两组对于旅游者来说不容错过的欧洲城市：
巴黎和伦敦，维也纳和布拉迪斯拉发。
5.C细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“buteachsecretlylooksuptotheother”可知，这两个城市相互钦佩，因此选C项。
6.A细节理解题。
根据第三段中的“NoonecandoubtthegrandandimpressivebeautyofParis'
LouvreMuseum”可知a被提及了；
根据本段中的“Parishasmoreoutdoorattractions”可知c被提及了。
而文中关于巴黎的优点并没有提到b和d，因此选A项。
【学法指导】
推理题的解题方法
1.抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理
做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
2.
整合全文（段）信息进行推断
做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。
7.D推理判断题。
根据文章第一段中的“LonelyPlanet，theworld'
slargesttravelguidepublisher，hasofferedpairsofcitiesforculturehungrybuttimepoortravelers.”并结合下文的内容可知，每组中的两个城市相距不远，可以节约时间，而且它们有着不同的丰富文化，因此才推荐给旅游者。
故选D项。
考查旅游类阅读
C
MotherTeresawasbornonAugust26th,1910inSkopje,Macedonia.Shealwayswroteherbirthdayas27thofAugustbecauseitwasthedayofherbaptism（洗礼）,whichwasalwaysmoreimportanttoherthanherbirthday.Forherworkwiththepooraroundtheworld,shereceivedthe1979NobelPeacePrize.
In1928,sheacceptedareligiousorderandtookthenameTeresa.TheorderimmediatelysenthertoIndia.Afewyearslater,shebeganteachinginCalcutta.In1948theCatholic（天主教的）Churchagreedherrequestandletherentertheconvent（女修道院）andshebegantoworkforthepoorpeople.ShebecameanIndiancitizeninthefollowingyear.In1950,shesetupareligiousorganizationinCalcutta.Theorganizationprovidedfoodforthepoorpeopleandthenshesetuphospitals,schools,youthcenters,andhomesforthesickandthedyingpoor.Itnowhasbranchesin50Indiancitiesand30othercountries.
Besidesthe1979NobelPeacePrize,MotherTeresahasreceivedotherawardsforherworkwiththepoorpeople.OnSeptember5th,1997,MotherTeresapassedaway,butshewillcontinuetoinspirepeopleallovertheworldthroughherlastingpresentofloveandfaith.
8.FromthetextwecaninferthatMotherTeresa_______.
A.hadhernameTeresawhenshewasveryyoung
B.devotedherselftothepoorallherlife
C.wasborninIndiaandlivedthereformostofhertime
D.receivedtheNobelPeacePrizeinherearlysixties
9.WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofTeresa’sexperiences?
a.ShebecameanIndiancitizen.b.Shebegantoworkforthepoor.
c.ShebeganteachinginCalcutta.d.Shebecameanun.
e.Shesetupareligiousorganization.
A.c-b-d-a-eB.c-d-b-a-eC.a-b-d-c-eD.a-c-b-d-e
10.Theauthorwritesthetextmainlyto_______.
A.letusknowMotherTeresawasagreatwoman
B.tellusMotherTeresareceivedtheNobelPeacePrize
C.giveussomeinformationabout
D.provethatawomancanalsodogreatworkforthepoor
8.B
9.B
10.C
抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。
阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。
分析的方法是：
先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。
10.C主旨大意题。
纵观全文都在说关于MotherTeresa的事情，在向世人传达她的信息。
故选C。
考查人物传记类阅读
第二节（共5小题;
每小题2分,满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ebolaisadangerousvirusthatcancausepeopletogetverysickandevendie.ThevirusiscausingthebiggestproblemsinwesternAfrica,whereithasspreadquickly.11Butitcangetworseandcauselife-threateningsymptoms（症状）,suchasbleedingandtroublebreathing.
12
Eboladoesnotspreadlikecoldsortheflubecauseitdoesnotfloatthroughtheair.Ebolaalsodoesn’tspreadthroughfoodorwater,likesomeotherviruses.Instead,Ebolaspreadswhensomeonetouchesthebodyfluids（液体）ofasickperson.
13
Anoutbreakiswhenmanypeoplearegettingsickwiththesameillnessaroundthesametime.Youmayhaveheardofafluoutbreak,whichiswhenlotsofpeoplegetsickfromthesametypesoffluvirus.Whenanoutbreakhappensbecauseofavirus,morepeoplecouldgetsickbecausethereisalotofthatvirusaround.
WheredidEbolacomefrom?
Scientistsaren’tsurehowthefirstpersongetsEbolaatthestart.14TropicalanimalsinAfricabelievedtocarrythevirusincludegreatapes,chimpanzees,gorillas,monkeys,fruitbats,porcupines,andforestantelopes.
WhatdokidsneedtodoaboutEbola?
EbolaismakingmanypeoplesickinAfrica,butnomatterwhereyoulive,it’salwaysagoodide
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