最新整理考研英语一真题及答案完整版K12教育文档Word下载.docx
《最新整理考研英语一真题及答案完整版K12教育文档Word下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新整理考研英语一真题及答案完整版K12教育文档Word下载.docx（22页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
Trustisatrickybusiness.Ontheonehand,it’sanecessarycondition
1
manyworthwhilethings：
childcare，friendships,etc。
Ontheotherhand,puttingyour
2,inthewrongplaceoftencarriesahigh
3。
4,whydowetrustatall?
Well,becauseitfeelsgood.
5
peopleplacetheirtrustinanindividualoraninstitution，theirbrainsreleaseoxytocin，ahormonethat
6
pleasurablefeelingsandtriggerstheherdinginstructthatpromptshumansto
7
withoneanother。
Scientistshavefoundthatexposure
8
thishormoneputsusinatrusting
9：
InaSwissstudy，researcherssprayedoxytocinintothenosesofhalfthesubjects;
thosesubjectswerereadytolendsignificantlyhigheramountsofmoneytostrangersthanweretheir
10
whoinhaledsomethingelse。
11
forus,wealsohaveasixthsensefordishonestythatmay
12
us。
ACanadianstudyfoundthatchildrenasyoungas14monthscandifferentiate
13
acrediblepersonandadishonestone.Sixtytoddlerswereeach
14
toanadulttesterholdingaplasticcontainer。
Thetesterwouldask,“What’sinhere？
”beforelookingintothecontainer,smiling,andexclaiming，“Wow！
”Eachsubjectwastheninvitedtolook
15.Halfofthemfoundatoy；
theotherhalf
16
thecontainerwasempty-andrealizedthetesterhad
17
them.
Amongthechildrenwhohadnotbeentricked，themajoritywere
18
tocooperatewiththetesterinlearninganewskill，demonstratingthattheytrustedhisleadership.
19,onlyfiveofthe30childrenpairedwiththe“20”testerparticipatedinafollow-upactivity。
1。
［A]on［B]like［C］for[D]from
2.［A］faith［B]concern［C]attention[D]interest
3。
［A］benefit[B］debt［C]hope[D］price
4。
[A］Therefore[B］Then[C］Instead［D]Again
5.[A]Until［B]Unless[C］Although[D］When
6.［A］selects[B］produces［C］applies[D］maintains
7。
[A]consult［B］compete［C］connect［D]compare
8.［A]at［B］by［C]of[D]to
9。
[A］context［B］mood［C］period[D］circle
10.[A]counterparts［B］substitutes［C]colleagues[D]supporters
11.［A]Funny[B]Lucky[C］Odd［D］Ironic
12.［A］monitor[B］protect［C］surprise[D］delight
13。
［A］between[B]within［C］toward［D］over
14。
[A]transferred［B］added［C]introduced［D]entrusted
15。
[A］out［B]back［C］around[D］inside
16.[A］discovered[B]proved［C]insisted［D].remembered
17。
[A]betrayed［B]wronged［C］fooled[D］mocked
18。
［A]forced［B］willing[C］hesitant［D］entitled
19。
［A］Incontrast［B］Asaresult［C]Onthewhole[D］Forinstance
20。
[A]inflexible[B］incapable［C］unreliable[D］unsuitable
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts。
AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B，CorD。
MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）
Text1
Amongtheannoyingchallengesfacingthemiddleclassisonethatwillprobablygounmentionedinthenextpresidentialcampaign:
Whathappenswhentherobotscomefortheirjobs?
Don'
tdismissthatpossibilityentirely.AbouthalfofU.S.jobsareathighriskofbeingautomated,accordingtoaUniversityofOxfordstudy,withthemiddleclassdisproportionatelysqueezed.Lower—incomejobslikegardeningordaycaredon'
tappealtorobots。
Butmanymiddle—classoccupations—trucking，financialadvice,softwareengineering-havearousedtheirinterest,orsoonwill.Therichowntherobots,sotheywillbefine。
Thisisn'
ttobealarmist.Optimistspointoutthattechnologicalupheavalhasbenefitedworkersinthepast.TheIndustrialRevolutiondidn'
tgosowellforLudditeswhosejobsweredisplacedbymechanizedlooms，butiteventuallyraisedlivingstandardsandcreatedmorejobsthanitdestroyed.Likewise，automationshouldeventuallyboostproductivity,stimulatedemandbydrivingdownprices,andfreeworkersfromhard，boringwork。
Butinthemediumterm，middle-classworkersmayneedalotofhelpadjusting。
Thefirststep,asErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeargueinTheSecondMachineAge,shouldberethinkingeducationandjobtraining.Curriculums—fromgrammarschooltocollege-shouldevolvetofocuslessonmemorizingfactsandmoreoncreativityandcomplexcommunication.Vocationalschoolsshoulddoabetterjoboffosteringproblem-solvingskillsandhelpingstudentsworkalongsiderobots。
Onlineeducationcansupplementthetraditionalkind.Itcouldmakeextratrainingandinstructionaffordable.Professionalstryingtoacquirenewskillswillbeabletodosowithoutgoingintodebt。
ThechallengeofcopingwithautomationunderlinestheneedfortheU.S。
toreviveitsfadingbusinessdynamism:
Startingnewcompaniesmustbemadeeasier.Inpreviouserasofdrastictechnologicalchange，entrepreneurssmoothedthetransitionbydreamingupwaystocombinelaborandmachines.Thebestusesof3Dprintersandvirtualrealityhaven'
tbeeninventedyet.TheU.S.needsthenewcompaniesthatwillinventthem。
Finally,becauseautomationthreatenstowidenthegapbetweencapitalincomeandlaborincome,taxesandthesafetynetwillhavetoberethought。
Taxesonlow—wagelaborneedtobecut,andwagesubsidiessuchastheearnedincometaxcreditshouldbeexpanded：
Thiswouldboostincomes,encouragework，rewardcompaniesforjobcreation,andreduceinequality。
Technologywillimprovesocietyinwaysbigandsmalloverthenextfewyears，yetthiswillbelittlecomforttothosewhofindtheirlivesandcareersupendedbyautomation.Destroyingthemachinesthatarecomingforourjobswouldbenuts。
Butpoliciestohelpworkersadaptwillbeindispensable.
21。
Whowillbemostthreatenedbyautomation？
[A］Leadingpoliticians。
［B]Low—wagelaborers。
［C］Robotowners。
［D]Middle-classworkers.
22.Whichofthefollowingbestrepresenttheauthor’sview？
［A］Worriesaboutautomationareinfactgroundless.
[B］Optimists’opinionsonnewtechfindlittlesupport。
［C］Issuesarisingfromautomationneedtobetackled
［D]Negativeconsequencesofnewtechcanbeavoided
23。
Educationintheageofautomationshouldputmoreemphasison
［A]creativepotential。
［B］job—huntingskills。
[C］individualneeds.
[D］cooperativespirit.
24。
Theauthorsuggeststhattaxpoliciesbeaimedat
[A］encouragingthedevelopmentofautomation.
[B］increasingthereturnoncapitalinvestment。
［C]easingthehostilitybetweenrichandpoor。
［D］preventingtheincomegapfromwidening.
25。
Inthistext，theauthorpresentsaproblemwith
［A］opposingviewsonit.
［B］possiblesolutionstoit.
[C]itsalarmingimpacts。
［D］itsmajorvariations.
Text2
AnewsurveybyHarvardUniversityfindsmorethantwo—thirdsofyoungAmericansdisapproveofPresidentTrump'
suseofTwitter。
TheimplicationisthatMillennialsprefernewsfromtheWhiteHousetobefilteredthroughothersource，Notapresident'
ssocialmediaplatform.
MostAmericansrelyonsocialmediatocheckdailyheadlines.Yetasdistrusthasrisentowardallmedia,peoplemaybestartingtobeefuptheirmedialiteracyskills.Suchatrendisbadlyneeded。
Duringthe2016presidentialcampaign，nearlyaquarterofwebcontentsharedbyTwitterusersinthepoliticallycriticalstateofMichiganwasfakenews，accordingtotheUniversityofOxford。
AndasurveyconductedforBuzzFeedNewsfound44percentofFacebookusersrarelyornevertrustnewsfromthemediagiant。
Youngpeoplewhoaredigitalnativesareindeedbecomingmoreskillfulatseparatingfactfromfictionincyberspace.AKnightFoundationfocus—groupsurveyofyoungpeoplebetweenages14and24foundtheyuse“distributedtrust”toverifystories.Theycross-checksourcesandprefernewsfromdifferentperspectives-especiallythosethatareopenaboutanybias。
“Manyyoungpeopleassumeagreatdealofpersonalresponsibilityforeducatingthemselvesandactivelyseekingoutopposingviewpoints，”thesurveyconcluded.
Suchactiveresearchcanhaveanothereffect.A2014surveyconductedinAustralia，Britain,andtheUnitedStatesbytheUniversityofWisconsin—Madisonfoundthatyoungpeople'
srelianceonsocialmedialedtogreaterpoliticalengagement。
Socialmediaallowsuserstoexperiencenewseventsmoreintimatelyandimmediatelywhilealsopermittingthemtore-sharenewsasaprojectionoftheirvaluesandinterests。
Thisforcesuserstobemoreconsciousoftheirroleinpassingalonginformation。
AsurveybyBarnaresearchgroupfoundthetopreasongivenbyAmericansforthefakenewsphenomenonis“readererror，”moresothanmade—upstoriesorfactualmistakesinreporting.Aboutathirdsaytheproblemoffakenewsliesin“misinterpretationorexaggerationofactualnews”viasocialmedia.Inotherwords，thechoicetosharenewsonsocialmediamaybetheheartoftheissue。
“Thisindicatesthereisarealpersonalresponsibilityincounteractingthisproblem,”saysRoxanneStone,editorinchiefatBarnaGroup。
Sowhenyoungpeoplearecriticalofanover-tweetingpresident,theyrevealamentaldisciplineinthinkingskills–andintheirchoicesonwhentoshareonsocialmedia。
26.AccordingtotheParagraphs1and2，manyyoungAmericanscastdoubtson
［A]thejustificationofthenews—filteringpractice.
［B]people’spreferencefo
升级会员 