Great minds 第二个学案Word格式.docx

Great minds 第二个学案Word格式.docx

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相似词组:

thinkof…as…lookon/upon…as…treat…as…consider…（as）…

haveregardto顾到/注意have/showregardfor顾及/考虑/尊重

pay（no）regardto（没）注意到/（不）重视inregardto/of关于/对于

（2）attemptn.努力,尝试,企图

Hefailedinhisattemptatwinning（towin）firstprize.

makeanattempttodosth

Hemadeanattempttolearntoski.

vt.尝试,企图attemptadifficultproblem

Theprisonerattemptedanescapebutfailed.囚犯们试图越狱但失败了。

TheyattemptedtoclimbMt.Everest.他们试图攀登埃佛勒斯山。

（3）universe:

n.宇宙

Godmadetheuniverseinsevendays.

Universal:

adj.全体的，广泛的，全世界的

It’sauniversalagreementthattheEarthmovesaroundtheSun.

I’mlookingforwardtoauniversaltravel.

（4）leadto:

通向，导致，引起

Goalongtheroadleadingtothetemple.

Heartfailureledtohisfather’sdeath.

Einsteinusedtosaythattheonlygifthehadwascuriosity,butthisstoryabouthimshowsthathealsohadasenseofhumor.

1.gift:

n.礼物，天赋

Mozarthasamusicalgift.=Mozarthasagiftformusic.

Giftedadj.有天赋的=talented

Heisagiftedboy.

2.curiosityn.好奇心arousecuriosity引起好奇心

Therearesomewhoshowgreatcuriosityaboutotherpeople’saffair.

curiousadj.Becuriousaboutsth对……好奇

Childrenarecuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.

I’mcurioustoknowwhatiswritteninhisletter.

3.sense:

n.感觉，知觉

Don’tbesoserious.Don’tyouhavesenseofhumor.

Asenseoftouch/sight/hearing/taste/smell

Thesixthsensecommonsense常识thesenseofduty责任感

Makesense=haveaclearmeaning有意义，讲得通

Thesentencedoesn’tmakeanysensetome.这句话对我来说没有意义。

Doestheconversationmakeanysensetoyou?

你听懂这个对话了吗？

4.humor:

幽默，诙谐

Aplaywithnohumorinit没有幽默成分的剧本

humorousadj.幽默的，风趣的

humorlessadj.缺乏幽默感的，一本正经的

Asayoungmanwithagrowingreputation,Einsteinreceivedmanyinvitationstogotouniversitiestoexplainhistheoriesatdifferentuniversities.Onthesetripshisdriverwasalwaysthesame—amancalledHans.Hansoftensaidtohim,'

It'

sapleasuretodriveageniuslikeyou,DrEinstein.”

1.growingadj.不断增长的increasing

作为一名声名鹊起的年轻人，爱因斯坦接到许多邀请，要他到各种各样的大学里去阐述他的理论。

句中withagrowingreputation是一个介词短语，作youngman的定语。

growing是现在分词作reputation的定语，意为“正在增长着的名声”。

agrowingreputation是介词with的宾语。

withagrowingreputation也可以用whoenjoysagrowingreputation这一定语从句来表示。

在英语中，主从复合句中的从句可以用短语形式来代替。

例如：

Thegirlwithlonghairdanceswonderfully.可说成：

Thegirlwhoiswithlonghairdanceswonderfully.

句子中toexplainhistheoriesatdifferentuniversities是一个动词不定式短语，作后置定语来进一步对名词invitation作解释。

2.reputationn.名声；

名誉

Heiscarelessofhisreputation.

Iknowyoubyreputation.久闻大名。

【同根词】repute/re’pju:

t/vt.被公认为

HeisreputedasthebestdoctorinBeijing.他被公认为北京最好的医生。

3.theoryn.理论

【同根词】theoreticaladj.理论的；

理论上的theoreticallyadv.理论上地

Theprojectsoundsperfectintheory.

Thisbookistootheoretical;

Ineedapracticalguide.

Oneevening,ontheirwaytoadistantuniversity,Einsteinsaid'

IwishIdidn'

thavetogivemylecturetonight,Hans.I'

msotired,butIdon’twanttoletmyaudiencedown.

1.distantadj.遥远的，远处的

Thevisitorscamefromadistantplace.

【同根词】distancen.距离

Thevisitorscamefromaverydistantplace.

Agoodcyclistcancoverdistancesofoverahundredmilesaday.

2.let…down让……失望=disappoint

Yourlastpaperwaspoor.Ihopeyouwon’tletmedownthistime.

Don’tworry,Iwon’tletyoudown.=Don’tworry.Iwon’tdisappointyou.

3.audience（见unit1readingpart）

4.IwishIdidn’thavetogivemylecturetonight.

wish用来表示不太可能实现的愿望，后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。

表示与现在事实相反的愿望，动词用过去时，be动词用were。

与过去愿望相反，与动词用过去完成时；

与将来愿望相反，用could/would/should+动词原形。

“Youdon'

tneedtogivethelecture.”saidHans.'

Icangiveitforyou.I'

velistenedtoyourlecturesomanytimesthatI’velearntitbyheart.Nooneknowsyouatthisuniversity,sotheywon’tfindout.”

1.复习so…that句型，此处so可不可以改为such

2.learn…byheart记住，背下

Pleaselearnthetextbyheart.

EinsteinagreedwithHans,sotheychangedplaces.Attheuniversity,Hanswasguidedtoaplatform,wherehestoodsurroundedbyprofessorsandstudents.Einsteintookaseatintheaudience,listenedtoHansgivehislectureperfectly,andjoinedintheapplauseattheend.

1.agreewithsb同意某人，与某人意见一致

Agreeonsth对……取得一致意见

Youandyourspousedon’thavetoagreeonpolitics.

Agreewithsth同意，与……一致

Yourstoryagreedwithfacts./theyfinallyagreewithmyargument.

Agreeto支持，接受（想法，计划，条件等）

Iagreetothearrangement.

2.guidev.指引，带领n.Guidance指引

3.platformn.台，讲台，月台，平台

4.hestoodsurroundedbyprofessorsandstudents

Surroundedbyprofessorsandstudents在这里作伴随状语修饰stood

Thesecretaryworkedallnightlong,alongspeechforthepresident.

A,toprepareB,preparingC,preparedD,waspreparing

5.took,listenedto,joinin在句中作并列谓语

6.applausen.鼓掌，掌声v.Applaud

However,beforeHanslefttheplatform,aprofessorshoutedfromtheaudience,“I’dliketoaskyouadifficultquestion.”HethenaskedaquestionsocomplexthatHanshadnoideawhathewastalkingabout.

画线句子等于HethenaskedsocomplexquestionthatHanshadnoideawhathewastalkingabout.

Einsteinthought,“Ohno!

Nowwe’reintrouble.”ButHansjustlaughedandsaid,“That’snotadifficultquestion.Infact,it’ssoeasythatevenmydriverknowshowtoanswerit.Hans,please…”

Einsteinstoodupandansweredthequestionperfectly.

Theylefttheuniversity,withEinsteindriving.Alittlelater,Hansofferedtodrive.“No,myfriend,”saidEinstein.“It’sapleasuretodriveageniuslikeyou,Hans.”

1.offer:

v.提供

①offersb.SthThemanofferedhimsomeadvice.

②offertodoHeofferedtohelpMarywhenshehadaproblem.

2.with的复合结构

with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合结构，宾语可以是名词或是代词，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。

且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。

1）With+宾语+介词短语

Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.

2）with+宾语+过去分词（宾语与宾补之间是被动关系）

Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.

Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.

3）with+宾语+现在分词（宾语与宾补之间是主动关系）

Withwintercomingon，it'

stimetobuywarmclothes.

4）with+宾语+todo（不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义）

Ican'

tgooutwithallthesedishestowash.

5）with+宾语+形容词/副词

WithJohnaway，we'

vegotmoreroom.

Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.

3.with复合结构的作用

with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。

1）Wesatonthedrygrasswithourbackstothewall.（作伴随状语）

2）Shecouldnotleavewithherpainfuldutyunfulfilled.（作原因状语）

3）Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.（作方式状语）

4）Jacksoonfellasleepwiththelightstillburning.（作伴随状语）

5）Iwon'

tbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.（作原因状语）

6）Hesatwithhisarmsclaspedaroundhisknees.（作方式状语）

注：

with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语，阅读下面的句子。

1）TherewasaletterforLannywithaSwissstamponit.（作定语修饰letter）

2）Itwasavaststretchofcountrywithcitiesinthedistance.（作定语修饰astretchofcountry）

练习

1.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_______,hegladlyacceptedit.

A.finishedB.finishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished

2.Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions________?

A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake

3.Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace_______herfootwoundedsomuch.

A.forB.whenC.withD.while

4.----Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.

----Sorry.Withsomuchwork_______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.

A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled

5.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______,hegladlyacceptedit.

6.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_______.

A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon

7._______andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientsoughtherdoctor’shelptoendherlife.

A.HavinggivenuphopeofcureB.Withnohopeforcure

C.TherebeinghopeforcureD.Inthehopeofcure

8.________twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.

A.WithB.BesidesC.AsforD/Becauseof

9.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdied_______hisworksunfinished.

A.forB.withC.fromD.of

10.______productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.

A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through

S1BUnit2Morereading

TheNobelPrize

ReadthisleafletabouttheNoblePrize.

AlfredNobelwasaninventorborninSweden.Whenhediedin1896,heleftalotofmoneyandproperty.ThiswasthenworthaboutninemillionUSdollars,andlaterbecametheoriginalsourceoftheworld-famousNobelPrize.

1．property:

[U]财产

Thefamilyhadlittlepropertyexceptanoldhouse.

2．worthadj.值……的钱

Hernewnecklaceisworth$2,000.

Beworthsth/doingsth值得做某事

Themuseumiscertainlyworthavisit.

Theideaiswellworthconsidering.

n.价值

Thewinnerwillreceivetenpound’sworthofbooks.赢家将获得价值十磅的书籍。

worthyadj.有价值的，应……的，值得的

beworthyofsth/doingsth值得，配得上

Hisbehaviorisworthyo