发音规则.docx
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发音规则
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英语发音规则
一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读音
例词
a
在开音节中
[ei]
nameplaneJanebabycake
在闭音节中
[]
bagdadhatmapblackback
e
在开音节中
[i:
]
hethesemeChinese
在闭音节中
[e]
bedletpendeskyesegg
i
在开音节中
[ai]
bikeflydrivetimenicekite
在闭音节中
[i]
fishbigdrinksitmilkswim
o
在开音节中
[Eu]
thoseclosegohoehomeno
在闭音节中
[C]
clocknotboxshopsock
u
在开音节中
[ju:
]
studentexcusedutyTuesday
在闭音节中
[Q]
buscupjumpmuchlunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:
]音,例如:
Junebluerulersuper
二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读音
例词
a
[E]
Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast
[i]
orangecomradevillagecabbage
e
[E]
hundredstudentopenweekend
[i]
chickenpocketbeginchildren
i
[E]/[i]
holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal
[ai]
exercisesatellite
o
[E]
secondtonightsomebodywelcome
[Eu]
alsozerophoto
u
[E]
autumndiffcult
[ju:
]
popularcongratulationJanuary
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:
operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母jlrs后面时,读[u（:
）]音,例如:
JulyinfluenceFebruaryissue
三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读音
例词
a在[w]音后面
[C]
wantwhatwatchwashquality
a在fnskphspssstth前
[a:
]
afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather
i在-nd-ld和gh前
[ai]
findchildlighthigh
o在-st-ld前
[Eu]
mostpostcardoldcold
o在mnvth前
[Q]
comemonkeylovemother
四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读音
例词
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[a:
]
carfarmdarksharpener
[C:
]
warmquartertowards
or
or在[w]音后面
[C:
]
fortymorningshort
[E:
]
wordworkerworse
erirur
[E:
]
certainlybirdThursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如:
carrysorryhurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:
dollarteachermartyrforgetSaturday
五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读音
例词
are
[a:
E]
caredarehare
ere
[iE]
heremere
ire
[aiE]
firehirewire
ore
[C:
]
morescorebefore
ure
[ju:
E]
purecure
areereireore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如:
picturepleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.
例如:
parentzerostoryduringinspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.
例如:
orangeveryAmericanparagraph
六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读音
例词
ai/ay
[ei]
afraidrainwaitdayplay
air
[aiE]
airhairchairpairrepair
al在fm前
[C]
smallballtalkwallall
[C:
l]
alwaysalsosaltalmostbald
[a:
]
halfcalm
au/aw
[C:
]
autumndaughterdraw
ea
[i:
]
teacheasycheapplease
[e]
heavybreadsweaterweather
[ei]
breakgreat
ear
[iE]
heardearnearclearyear
[εE]
bearpearwear
[E:
]
earthlearnearly
ee
[i:
]
jeepweekgreenthree
eer
[iE]
pioneerdeerbeer
ei/ey
[ei]
eightneighbourthey
[i:
]
eitherkey
eu/ew在
jlrs后
[ju:
]
newfewnewspaper
[u:
]
flewbrew
ie/ei[s]音之后
[i:
]
piecefieldreceive
oa
[Eu]
coatJoanboatgoal
oar/oor
[C:
]
roarboarddoorfloor
oi/oy
[Ci]
noisepointboytoilet
oo
[u:
]
broomfoodtoothschool
[u]
booklookcookfootgood
ou/ow
[au]
flowerhousecountdown
[Eu]
knowrowthrowthough
[Q]
youngcountryenough
[u:
]
groupyousoup
our
[C:
]
courseyourfour
[auE]
ourhourours
[C:
]
journey
ui
在jlrs后
[ju:
i]
fluidsuicidetuition
[u:
]
juicefruitsuit
七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
读音
例词
ai/ayei/ey
[i]
Sundayforeignmonkey
ow
[Eu]
yellowsparrowtomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].
例如:
neighbourseriousfamousbiscuitcoffee
-sion-tion
[Fn]
impressionnation
-sion在元音字母后
[Vn]
visiondecisionoccasion
-tion在s后
[tFEn]
questionsuggestion
-sten
[sn]
listen
-stle
[sl]
whistle
-sure
[VE]
pleasuremeasure
-ture
[tFE]
pictureculture
八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.
例如:
everyday[ei]
handbag[]
blackboard[C:
]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.
例如:
sun太阳+day[ei]日子>Sunday[i]星期天
holy神圣+day[ei]日子>holiday[i]假日
break中断+fast[a:
]斋戒>breakfast[E]早餐
cup茶杯+board木板[C:
]>cupboard[E]碗柜
九,辅字组的读音
辅字组
读音
例词
b
[b]
bikebusbag
[/]
bombtomb
c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cakepicturecoatmusic
[s]
facedecidecinema
ch
[tF]
muchchickrichteacher
[k]
schoolheadachechemistry
[F]
machine
-ck
[k]
cockpocketblackknock
d
[d]
doctorbreadhandday
-dge
[dV]
bridgefridge
dr-
[dr]
childrendriverdrink
f
[f]
fivefourbreakfast
g
g在ei/y前
[^]
baggardongo
[dV]
orangelargeGerman
gh
[f]
coughenough
[/]
lightdaughterhigh
gu--gue
gu在非重读音节中
[^]
guessleaguedialogue
[^w]
languageanguish
h
[h]
hotheadhousehand
[/]
hourhonest
j
[dV]
jeepjarjokejoinJuly
k
[k]
kindbikeskatemakeweek
kn-
[n]
knifeknowknock
l
[l]
lifemilkschooltall
m
[m]
monkeycomeautumn
-mn
[m]
autumncolumn
n
n在[k][g]音前
[n]
notshinetennote
[N]
unclethankhungry
-ng
[N]
morningyoungwrong
p
[p]
paperplanepigshippen
ph
[f]
elephantphototelephone
q
[k]
Iraq
qu-
[kw]
qualityquite
r
[r]
redrubberruler
s在词首或清辅音前
元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s]
sitsleepdesk
[z]
musichusband
sc-
[sk]
scarlet
[s]
musclescience
sh
[F]
shefishshirtwash
t在通常情况下
在弱读字母iaieio前
[t]
tenlettermeet
[F]
patientnation
tch
[tF]
watch
th在通常情况下
在冠词代词介词连词中
在词尾-the-ther中
[θ]
thinthirtymethod
[T]
thethesewiththan
[T]
clothefatherweather
tr-
[tr]
treetraincountrytruck
v
[v]
veryvoiceloveleave
w
[w]
weekwinwakesweetwait
[/]
answertwo
wh-
wh-在字母o前
[w]
whatwhenwhitewhy
[h]
whowhosewhole
x
在重读元音前
[ks]
boxtextexercise
[gz]
examleexistexact
wr-
[r]
write
y-
[j]
yesyardyellowyoung
z
[z]
puzzlezerozoo
重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节,多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号.
开音节①绝对开音节:
单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:
noblueba-bystu-dentse-cret.
②相对开音节:
单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节.例如:
namethesebikehomeex-cuse.
闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组（rwy除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节.例如:
bageggfishnotcup
多音节词重读规则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读.
例如:
el-e-phantcon-grat-u-la-tion
词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.例如:
scientificimpressionnation
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