成人本科英语考试试题及答案解析(二十).docx

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成人本科英语考试试题及答案解析(二十).docx

成人本科英语考试试题及答案解析

  (二十)

  一、ReadingComprehension(共14小题,共30.0分)Thereareservalpassagesinthis

  part.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

  statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,Cand

  D.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthe

  center.第1题Almosteveryfamilybuysatleastonecopyofanewspaperevery

  day.Somepeoplesubscribe(订阅)toasmanyastwoorthree

  newspapers.Butwhydopeoplereadnewspapers?

  Fivehundredyearsago,newsofimportanthappenings-battleslostandwon,kingsorrulersoverthrown(推翻)orkilledtookmonthsandevenyearstotravelfromonecountryto

  another.Thenewspassedbywordofmouthandwasnever

  accurate.Todaywecanreadinournewspapersofimportanteventsthatoccurinfarawaycountriesonthesomedaythey

  happen.Apartfromsupplyingnewsfromallovertheworld,newspapersgiveusalotofotheruseful

  information.Thereareweatherreports,radio,televisionandfilmguides,bookreviews,storiesand,ofcourse,

  advertisements.

  (76)Thebiggeronesareputinbylargecompaniestobringattentiontotheir

  products.Theypaythenewspapersthousandsofdollarsfortheadvertisingspace,butitisworththemoney,fornewsoftheirproductsgoesintoalmosteveryhomeinthe

  country.Forthosewhoproducenewspapers,advertisementsarealsovery

  important.Moneyearnedfromadvertisementsmakesitpossibleforthemtoselltheirnewspapersatalowpriceandstillmakea

  profit.

  (77)Newspapersoftenhaveinformationongardening,cookingandfashion,aswellasasmallbutverypopularsectiononjokesandcartoons(漫画).Thehabitofreadingnewspapersis______.AuncommonintheworldBnotpopularin

  U.S.A.CwidespreadintheworldDfoundedamongafewfamilies

  【正确答案】:

C

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]见第一段首句。

  第2题Afewhundredyearsagonewsdidnot______.AreceiveattentionBtravelfastCtravelslowlyDspreadtoothercountries

  【正确答案】:

B

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]见第二段第一句中“...tookmonthsandevenyearstotravel...”可知本题选B。

  第3题Inthepast,newswas______.Asentbye-mailBpassedfromonepersontoanotherCsentbyletterDsentbytelephone

  【正确答案】:

B

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]由第二段中句子“Thennewspassedbywordofmouth...”可知,过去消息是一个人一个人传递的。

  第4题Themoneypeoplespendonadvertisementsis______.

  AwastedBnotmuchCworthwhileDnouse

  【正确答案】:

C

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]见第四段。

  第5题Inthelastparagraph,theauthortellsusthesectiononjokesandcartoonsis______.AreadonlybychildrenBofnovalueCnothelpfulDreadbymany

  【正确答案】:

D

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]见最后一段。

  第6题Believeitornot,opticalillusion(错觉)cancuthighway

  crashes.

  (78)Japanisacasein

  point.

  (79)Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleoptical

  illusion.Bentstripes,calledchevrons(人字形),paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslow

  down.NowtheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashington

  D.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan's

  success.Startingnextyear,thefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripeson

  selectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighway

  crashes.

  (80)Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidents,accordingtothe

  foundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,thefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeedrelatedhazards'arethegreatest--curves,exitslopes,trafficcircles,and

  bridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversin

  half.However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepainted

  bars.Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealaneappeartobe

  narrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftraffic

  accidents.Onroadspaintedwithchevrons,driverstendtofeelthat______.AtheyaxedrivinginthewronglaneBtheyshouldavoidspeed-relatedhazardsCtheyshouldslowdowntheirspeedDtheyareapproachingthespeedlimit

  【正确答案】:

C

  【本题分数】:

2.5分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]本题考查对文章细节的理解。

文章第2段第2句话说:

Bentstripes,calledchevrons(人字形),paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.也就是说,人字形线使驾驶员产生错觉:

车速太快,于是他们觉得应该减速。

而本题C项说“(他们往往感觉)应该减速”。

因此,C项是答案。

  第7题Theadvantageofchevronsoverstraighthorizontalbarsisthattheformer______.AcankeepdriversawakeBcancutroadaccidentscompletely

  CwillhavealongereffectondriversDwilllookmoreattractive

  【正确答案】:

C

  【本题分数】:

2.5分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]本题考查对文章重要情节或细节理解的准确性。

本文中人字形线区别于垂直横线正是重要细节,人字形线的优越之处在于它能在较长的时间内对驾驶人员起作用。

可见,本题的答案是C项。

  第8题TheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyplansto______.AtryouttheJapanesemethodincertainareasBsignthechevronsacrossthecountryCreplacestraighthorizontalbarswithchevronsDrepeattheJapaneseroadpatterns

  【正确答案】:

A

  【本题分数】:

2.5分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]本题涉及文章的第3段。

A项“(基金会)打算在某些地区试验日本(减少交通事故)的办法”,这是本题的答案。

  第9题Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroads?

  ATheyarefallingoutofuseintheUnited

  States.BTheytendtobeignoredbydriversinashortperiodof

  time.CTheyareapplicableonlyonbroad

  roads.DTheycannotbeappliedsuccessfullytotraffic

  circles.

  

  【正确答案】:

B

  【本题分数】:

2.5分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]本题考查对倒数第2段的准确理解。

文章说:

  “最初能让驾驶员减速一半”,“但数月后驾驶员便恢复到原来的速度”。

也就是说,垂直横线只能在短时期内影响到驾驶员的行驶速度,过一段时间就不起作用了,因此B项是本题的答案。

  第10题Theatmosphereisalltheairsurroundingthe

  earth.Withoutit,wewouldbeforcedtoseekshelterfromthesun,astherewouldbenoatmospheretoprotectusfromthesun'sdeadly

  rays.Largeandpowerful,theatmosphereconsistsofanoceanofgaseshundredsofmiles

  high.Itpressesdownonourbodieswithaforceofmorethanfourteenpoundspersquare

  inch.Thenarrowcolumnofairwhichrestsuponourshouldersweighsalmost2000

  pounds.Butourbodiesarebuiltinsuchawaythatthisweightdoesnotcrush(压碎)us.Inthishugeoceanofairthereismoreenergythaninallthecoal,oil,andgaswehaveon

  earth.Electricalenergyiscollectedintheatmosphereaswateriscollectedandstoredina

  dam.Theexistenceofelectricityintheairhasbeenknownfor

  centuries.Butathoroughstudyofelectricityintheatmospherewasnotpossibleuntilthedevelopmentofradioand

  radar.Onescientist,

  Dr.SydneyChapman,hastriedtoexplaintheelectricfieldwhichsurroundsthe

  earth.Hebelievesthatgreatstormsonthesuncreatelargemountsofelectric

  energy.Thisenergyiscontainedinaverylightgascalled

  hydrogen.Theearthpullsthegastowardit,andaringisformedaroundtheearthseveralthousandfeetaboveits

  surface.Thegreatspaceringisapowerfulcurrentofelectrical

  energy.Sometimestheringcomesdownandcurvesintotheloweratmosphere,causingstrangeelectrical

  effects.Hisideaexplainsmany

  things.Ithaslongbeenknownthatthereisanelectricfieldinsidethe

  earth.Itmovesinmuchthesamemannerastheelectricenergycontainedinthe

  atmosphere.Scientistsnowbelievethattheelectricenergyintheatmospherecausestheelectricenergyinsidetheearthto

  flow.Ifwecanlearntocontroltheenergyintheatmosphere,wewillhaveanunendingsupplyof

  energy.Manyscientistsaretryingtolearnhowtocontrol

  it.Inthemeantime,eventhoseofuswhoarenotscientistshavebeguntopayattentionto

  air.Werealizethatairdoesnotcontainthesameelementsthatitcontainedyears

  age.Automobiles,airplanes,factories,andatomicexplosionshaveaddeddustandwastegasestotheatmosphere,Itistimetolearnhowtoprotectouratmosphere,theroofovertheworldof

  man.Weknowtheatmosphereas______.AthetotalamountofoxygenovertheearthBmixtureofgasessurroundingtheearthCasourceofstormsDthediffusionofwastegas

  【正确答案】:

B

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]综合第一和第二段首句可得出本题答案。

  第11题AllofthefollowingaretrueExcept______.Atheatmosphereisimportantto

  none.Bagreatdealofdamagefromthesun'sdeadlyrayswouldbedonetous,iftherewereno

  atmosphere.Ctheatmosphere,astheauthordescribed,istheroofunderwhichmancanlivesafelyon

  Earth.Delectricityintheatmosphereisbeingstudiedfromevery

  aspect.

  【正确答案】:

A

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]用排除法。

  第12题Quantityofenergycontainedintheatmosphereis______.

  AsmallerthanthatincoalaloneBsmallerthanthateitherinoiloringasthatwehaveonEarthCgreaterthanthatincoal,oilandgasonEarthcombinedDgreaterthanthatincoal,oilandgasonEarth,respectively

  【正确答案】:

C

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]见第三段第一句。

  第13题Accordingtoscientists,iftheenergyintheatmospherewereputunderourcontrol,whatwouldhappen?

  AWehaveaninexhaustiblesupplyofenergyfrom

  it.BThiscouldbringtheworldtoanenergy

  crisis.CThesourcesofenergyonEarthwouldbecome

  unreliable.DWefindourselvesindifficultpositionwithenvironmental

  pollution.

  【正确答案】:

A

  【本题分数】:

2.0分

  【答案解析】

  [分析]见最后一段首句。

unending意即inexhaustible。

  第14题Themaintopicofthepassageis______.AcompositionoftheatmosphereBpressurefromtheatmosphereCairpollutionintheatmosphereDtherelationshipb

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