高考英语七选五汇编及答案.docx

高考英语七选五汇编及答案.docx

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高考英语七选五汇编及答案

2013一、二模七选五汇总

1.说明文部分：

海淀一模：

Apathy

Apathyisastateoflackinginterest,enthusiasmorconcern.71_____Theymayalsoexhibitunfeelingness.ChristianshavecondemnedapathyasalackofloveanddevotiontoGodandHisworks.

72_____Alsomeaning“absenceofpassion”inGreek,theterm“apatheia”wasusedbytheStoics（禁欲主义者）toshowadesirablestateofindifferencetowardseventsandthingswhichlieoutsideone’scontrol.

ThemodemconceptofapathybecamewellknownafterWorldWarI，whenitwascalled“shellshock.”Soldiers,livinginthetrenchesamongthebombingandgunfires,sawthebattlefieldsfilledwithdeadandwoundedcompanions.73_____In1950，USnovelistPassoswrote“Apathyisoneofthecharacteristicresponsesofanylivingbeingwhenitissubjectedtosomethingtootenseortoocomplicatedtodealwith.”USphilosopherRobertM.Hutchinssummarizestheconcernsaboutpoliticalindifference.Heclaimsthatthedeathofdemocracyisnotlikelytobeasuddenmurderfromambush（埋伏）74_____

Theremaybeotherthingscontributingtoaperson’sapathy.ActivistDaveMeslinarguesthatapathyisoftentheresultofsocialsystemsactivelyblockingengagementandinvolvement.Hedescribesvariousbarriersthatpreventpeoplefromknowinghoworwhytheymightgetinvolvedinsomething.75_____Theseinclude：

politicalmediathatmakeitdifficultforpotentiallyinterestedpeopletofindrelevantinformation，andmediadescriptionsofheroesas“chosen”byoutsideforcesratherthanself-motivated.Hesuggeststhatweredefinesocialapathyasaresultofpoorlydesignedsystemsthatfailtoinviteotherstoparticipate.

A.Itwillbeaslowprocessoffadingawayfromapathyandindifference.

B.Apatheticpeoplemaylackasenseofpurposeormeaningintheirlife.

C.Hefocusesondesignedchoicesthatdeliberatelyorindeliberatelyexcludepeople.

D.Theword“dispassion”isusedfor“apatheia”，soasnottoconfuseitwithapathy.

E.Sotheygraduallydevelopedasenseofdisconnectednumbnesstonormalsocialinteraction.

F.Althoughtheword“apathy”originatesfrom“apatheia”，itisimportantnottoconfusethetwoterms.

G.AuthorJohnMcManamyarguesapathyisapsychologicalproblemforsomedepressedpeople，inwhichtheygetasensethat“nothingmatters”.

西城一模：

SwappingHousesforVacation

Whenbudgetingforavacation,usuallythemostexpensivepartofthetripistheaccommodations．Thetraditionalwaytotakeavacationistopacksomebags,lockupthehouse,andtraveltoanewplacetostayinahotel．However,hotelsareveryexpensive,andwithrentorhousingloan（贷款）dueeverymonth,it'sdifficultformostpeopletopayforyetanotherplacetostay．71Luckily,thereisasubstitutecalledhouseswapping,andit'ssavingtouristsagreatdealofcash．

72Forexample,ifacouplefromNewYorkwanttospendaweekinParis,theywouldplaceanadofferingtotradetheirNewYorkapartmentforoneinParisforaweek．IfaParisiancouplethatwanttovacationinNewYorkreadtheadvertisement,housescanbeswapped,andbothcouplessavehundreds,ifnotthousands,ofdollarsbyavoidingbig-cityhotelfees．Ifallgoeswell,bothcouplescanpostpositivereviewsoftheother'shomeonlinesothatpotentialtravelerscanseethateverythingwasfine．73Thisbuildsacommunityofpeoplewhowanttohelpeachotherout．

Thereareotheradvantagescohouseswappingaswell．74Stayingatsomeone'shomeputsyouinaneighborhoodthatcangiveyouabetterrepresentationofthelifeandcultureintheplaceyou'revisiting．75Thenexttimeyouwanttospendyourvacationinanewplace,butdon'twanttopayafortune,checkwhat'spostedonlineandfindahousetoswap．

A．HouseswappingismostcommoninNewYorkandParis．

B．Hotelsareoftenquitedifficulttobookwhenyouwanttoexploreanewhome．

C．Alotoftimes,thisextracostpreventstravelersfromgoingveryfarfromhome．

D．Toswaphouses,peoplechecktheInternetforothersplanningtotravelandtradehomes．

E．Withmanyhouseswappingsitesgrowing,thisnewphenomenonisbecomingeasierthanever．

F．Hotelsareoftenlocatedwherefewpeoplelive,makingthemastrangeplacetoexperienceacity．

G．Ontheotherhand,ifthereweretrouble,peoplecouldwriteaboutthattowanothersnottotrusttheswappers．

东城一模：

Iknowjusthowyoufeel

Doyoufeelsad?

Happy?

Angry?

Youmaythinkthatthewayyoushowtheseemotionsisunique．Well,thinkagain．Eventheexpressionofthemostpersonalfeelingscanbeclassified,accordingtoMindReading,aDVDexhibitingeverypossiblehumanemotion．71

Inthemid1800s,Darwindividedtheemotionsintosixtypes—anger,fear,sadness,disgust,surpriseandenjoyment．Morecomplexexpressionsofemotionwereprobablylearnedandthereforemorespecifictoeachculture．Butnowitisbelievedthatmanymorefacialexpressionsaresharedworldwide．72TheMindReadingDVDisasystematicvisualrecordoftheseexpressions．

TheprojectwasdesignedbyaCambridgeprofessor．Hisresearchteamfirsthadtodefinean"emotion"．73Usingthisdefinition,412emotiontermswereidentifiedanddiscussed,from"afraid"to"wanting"．

Theneachexpressionisactedoutbysixdifferentactors．"Itwasreallyclearwhentheactorshadgotitright,"saysCathyCollis,whodirectedtheDVD．"Althoughtheyweregivensomedirection,theactorswerenottoldwhichfacialmusclestheyshouldmove．74"

SomeonewhohastriedtosetsuchrulesistheAmerican,ProfessorPaulEkman,whobuiltdatabaseofhowthefacemovesforeveryemotion．Thefacecanmake43distinctmusclemovements．Ekmanhasalsofoundthatitmaynotbepossibleforpeopletoreproducethemartificially．Themostdifficultexpressiontoreproduceisthesmile．Itisn'tonlyaboutstretchingthelips,buttighteningthetinymusclesaroundtheeyes．75Ifwelearnttorecognizewhethersomeonewasusingtheireyemusclewhentheysmiled,wewouldbeabletodistinguishtrueenjoymentfromfalse．

A．Itshows412distinctwayswefeel．

B．Thesecanbecombinedintomorethan10,000facialshapes．

C．Theseparticularmusclesaredifficulttocontrol,andfewpeoplecandoit．

D．Theydecidedthatitwasamentalstatethatcouldbeintroducedby"Ifeel"or"helooks"

or"shesounds"．

E．Hesaidtheexpressionofthesefeelingswasuniversalandrecognizablebyanyone,from

anyculture．

F．Itisasiftheyareprogrammedintothebrainsof"normalhumans"wherevertheyareand

whatevertheirraces．

G．Wethoughtoftryingtodescribeeachemotion,butitwouldhavebeenalmostimpossible

tomakeclearrulesforthis．

一模：

Stayonthebrightersideoflife

Oneveryimportantcomponentofoptimismisgratitudeorfeelinggrateful.Infact,thereisastrongconnectionbetweenagratefulattitudeandaheightenedsenseofwell-being.Appreciateallthepositivesinyourlifebystartingagratitudejournalinordertorememberwhatyou’regratefulfor.___71___

Feelingdown?

Insteadoffeelingsorryforyourselfwaitingfortheuniversetothrowyouabone,tryactinglikeyou’rehappy—evenifyouaren’t.Asinceresmileandaforcedsmilewillcausethesamechemicalreactionsinyourbrain,soyoucanactuallyfoolyourmindintofeelingbetterbymakingitreactchemicallyasifthingsweregoingwell.___72___Reassureyourselfthateverythingisgood—evenifyoudon’tfeelit.

“___73___Ifyou’restuckintraffic,theneverythingelsemustbegoinghorriblytoo,”saysAnneParker,awellnesscounselor.Byblowingnegativeeventsoutofproportion,you’resettingyourselfupforfeelingdownallday.Instead,acknowledgethatyou’restuckintraffic,butalsobringtomindsomethinggood,likethebeautifulsceneryoutsidethewindow.Thatway,you’llgetinthehabitofforbiddingnegativecircumstancesfromblanketingyourwholeday.

Swearingtolose20poundsortorunamarathonseemslikegoalsleadingtohappiness,buttheytaketimetoachieve.___74___Youmayevenendupadmittingthatyouhavebeendefeated.However,ifyoufocusonthesmallmilestonesthatoccuralongtheway,youwillfeelpositiveaboutyourprogress,whichwillgiveyouthestrengthtokeepgoing.

___75___Trymakingsomeoneelse’sdaybetter.AreportbyUnitedHealthcareandVolunteerMatchfoundthatvolunteersare72%morelikelytocharacterizethemselvesasoptimisticcomparedwithnon-volunteers.Plus,89%ofvolunteerssaythatvolunteeringhasimprovedtheirsenseofwell-being,and92%saythatitenrichestheirsenseofpurposeinlife.

A.Trytohelpsomeoneinneed.

B.Wanttogiveyourattitudealift?

C.Peopletendtothinkinaneither-orway.

D.Actinanoptimisticway—smile,laugh,tellajoke.

E.You’llfailtoappreciatemoreimportantthingsinyourlife.

F.Byfocusingonnothavingaccomplishedthemyet,youwillstarttofeeldownonyourself.

G.Byrememberingthepleasantthingsinyourlife,youcanactuallyturnanegativeattitudearound.

石景山一模：

Lackofsleep"switchesoff’genes

Oneweekofbadsleepcan"switchoff”hundredsofgenesandraisetheriskofahostofillnesseswhichislinkedtohigherbodyweightsorheartdisease,scientistsclaim．71Gettingfewerthansixhours'sleeppernightcanswitchoffgenesinthebodyaccordingtoanewstudy．

Ourbodiesdependongenestoproduceaconstantsupplyofproteinswhichareusedtoreplaceorrepairdamagedtissue,butafteraweekoflackinginsleepsomeofgenesstoppedworking．72ScientistsfromSurreyUniversitydivided26volunteersintotwogroups,oneofwhichsleptforlessthansixhourspernightforawholeweek,andonewhichsleptfortenhourspernight．Attheendoftheweekeachgroupwaskeptawakefor40hoursanddonatedbloodsamples,whichwerestudiedtoexaminetheeffectsoftheirs