英国文学复习资料常耀信版.docx
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英国文学复习资料常耀信版
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点
1.Beowulf:
nationalepicoftheEnglishpeople;Denmarkstory;alliteration,metaphorsandunderstatements（此处可能会有填空，选择等小题）
2.Romance（名词解释）
3.“SirGawainandtheGreenKnight”:
afamousromanaboutKingArthur’sstory
4.Ballad（名词解释）
5.CharacterofRobinHood
6.GeoffreyChaucer:
founderofEnglishpoetry;TheCanterburyTales（maincontents;124storiesplanned,only24finished;writteninMiddleEnglish;significance;form:
heroiccouplet）
7.Heroiccouplet（名词解释）8.Renaissance（名词解释）9.ThomasMore——Utopia
10.Sonnet（名词解释）11.Blankverse（名词解释）12.EdmundSpenser“TheFaerieQueene”
13.FrancisBacon“essays”esp.“OfStudies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读）
14.WilliamShakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。
他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。
（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读）
15.JohnMilton三大史诗非常重要，特别是ParadiseLost和SamsonAgonistes。
对于ParadiseLost需要知道它是blankverse写成的，故事情节来自OldTestament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。
16.JohnBunyan——ThePilgrim’sProgress
17.FounderoftheMetaphysicalschool——JohnDonne;featuresoftheschool:
philosophicalpoems,complexrhythmsandstrangeimages.
18.Enlightenment（名词解释）
19.Neoclassicism（名词解释）
20.RichardSteele——“TheTatler”
21.JosephAddison——“TheSpectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。
22.Steel’sandAddison’sstylesandtheircontributions
23.AlexanderPope:
“EssayonCriticism”,“EssayonMan”,“TheRapeofLock”,“TheDunciad”;hisworkmanship（features）andlimitations
24.JonathanSwift:
“Gulliver’sTravels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象;（我们主要讲了三个地方）“AModestProposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony也就是反讽手法。
25.Theriseandgrowthoftherealisticnovelisthemostprominentachievementof18thcenturyEnglishliterature.
26.DanielDefoe:
“RobinsonCrusoe”,“MollFlanders”,当然是RobinsonCrusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，RobinsonCrusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。
另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunnerofEnglishrealisticnovel。
27.SamuelRichardson——“Pamela”（firstepistolarynovel）,“ClarissaHarlowe”,“SirCharlesGrandison”
28.HenryFielding:
“JosephAndrews”,“JonathanWild”,“TomJones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。
他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为fatheroftheEnglishnovel.
29.LaurenceSterne——“TristramShandy”项狄传
30.RichardSheridan——“TheSchoolforScandal”
31.OliverGoldsmith——“TheTraveller”（poem）,“TheDesertedVillage”（poem）（bothtwopoemswerewrittenbyheroiccouplet）,“TheVicarofWakefield”（novel）,“TheGood-NaturedMan”（comedy）,“ShestoopstoConquer”（comedy）,“TheCitizenoftheWorld”（collectionofessays）
32.Sentimentalism（名词解释）
33.ThomasGray——“ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard”（英国诗歌里非常著名的一首，曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”）（arepresentativeofsentimentalismandgraveyardschoolofpoets墓园派诗人）
*GraveyardSchool/Poets”:
Atermappliedtoeighteenth-centurypoetswhowrotemeditativepoems,usuallysetinagraveyard,onthethemeofhumanmortality,inmoodswhichrangefromelegiacpensivenesstoprofoundgloom.ThevogueresultedinoneofthemostwidelyknownEnglishpoems,ThomasGray’s“Elegywritteninacountrychurchyard”.ThewritingofgraveyardpoemsspreadfromEnglandtoContinentalliteratureinthesecondpartofthecenturyandalsoinfluencedsomeAmericanpoets.
34.Inthelatterhalfofthe18thcentury,Pre-Romanticism;representative:
WilliamBlakeandRobertBurns.
35.ThomasPercy——“ReliquesofAncientEnglishpoetry”许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的，这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。
36.WilliamBlake比较重要，需要对主要作品有所了解，特别是SongsofInnocence和SongsofExperience,这两本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的写作特点也要注意，比如语言的简单明了，神秘主义氛围等。
37.RobertBurns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人,ARedRedRose,ScotsWhaHae,AuldLangSyne等名诗，写作特点:
Scottishdialect;apoetofpeasantandScottishpeople;plainlanguage;influencefromScottishfolksongsandballads;musicalqualityofhispoems.
《英国文学史及选读》第二册练习题
I.浪漫主义时期
I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandputtheletterinthebrackets.
1.EnglishRomanticismisgenerallysaidtohavebegunwith_____in1798.
A.thepublicationofLyricalBallads
B.thedeathofSirScott
C.thebirthofWilliamWordsworth
D.thepassageofthefirstReformBillintheParliament
2.TheRomanticPeriodisfirstofallanageof_____.
A.NovelB.poetryC.dramaD.prose
3.Romanticismdoesnotemphasize_____.
A.thespecialqualitiesofeachindividual’smind
B.theinnerworldofthehumanspirit
C.individuality
D.thefeaturesthatmenhaveincommon
4._____isnotaRomanticpoet.
A.WilliamBlakeB.SirScottC.P.B.ShelleyD.LordByron
5._____isaRomanticnovelistbutisimpressedwithneo-classicstrains.
A.WalterScottB.MaryShelley
C.JaneAustenD.AnnRadcliff
6._____isnotcharacteristicofWilliamBlake’swriting.
A.plainanddirectlanguageB.compressionofmeaning
C.supernaturalqualityD.symbolism
7.WordsworthpublishedLyricalBalladsin1789with_____.
A.ByronB.ColeridgeC.ShelleyD.Keats
8.Wordsworththinksthat_____istheonlysubjectofliteraryinterest.
A.thelifeofrisingbourgeoisie
B.aristocraticlife
C.thelifeoftheroyalfamily
D.commonlife
9.DonJuanisthemasterpieceof_____.
A.LordByron’sB.P.B.Shelley’s
C.JohnKeats’sD.SamuelColeridge’s
10._____isnotanovelwrittenbyJaneAusten.
A.JaneEyreB.SenseandSensibility
C.PrideandPrejudiceD.Emma
II.Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswithaproperwordoraphraseaccordingtothetextbook.
1.Inessence,Romanticismdesignatesaliteraryandphilosophicaltheorywhichtendstoseethe_____astheverycenterofalllifeandallexperience.
2.FortheRomantics,_____isnotonlythemajorsourceofpoeticimagery,butalsoprovidesthedominantsubjectmatter.
3.Wordsworthisregardedasa“worshipperof_____.”
4.Accordingtothesubjects,Wordsworth’sshortpoemscanbeclassifiedintotwogroups:
poemsaboutnatureandpoemsabout_____.
5.Coleridge’sachievementaspoetcanbedividedintotworemarkablydiversegroups:
_____andtheconversational.
6.AsaleadingRomanticist,Byron’schiefcontributionishiscreationofthe“_____.”
7.“_____”isShelley’srepresentativework.
8._____aregenerallyregardedasKeats’smostimportantandmaturework.
9.“Beautyistruth,truthbeauty”isafamouslineinKeats’s“_____.”
10._____isthemostdelightfulofJaneAusten’swork.
III.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseandwriteyouranswersinthebrackets.
（）1.TheRomanticperiodisalsoagreatageofprose.
（）2.Romanticsalsotendtobenationalistic,defendingtheirownliteraryheritageagainsttheadvocatesofclassicalrules.
（）3.ColeridgehasbeenrewardedasPoetLaureate.
（）4.Keatsisoneofthe“LakePoets.”
（）5.JaneAustenisatypicalRomanticwriter.
IV.Nametheauthorofeachofthefollowingliterarywork.
1.“TheRimeoftheAncientMariner”
2.SongsofInnocence
3.“OdetoaNightingale”
4.“ASong:
MenofEngland”
5.ThePrelude
V.Definetheliterarytermslistedbelow
1.Romanticism
2.Ode
VI.Foreachofthequotationslistedbelowpleasegivethenameoftheauthorandthetitleoftheliteraryworkfromwhichitistakenandthenbrieflyinterpretit.
1….BethroughmylipstounawakenedEarth.
Thetrumpetofaprophecy!
O,Wind,
Ifwintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?
2.Foroft,whenonmycouchIlie
Invacantorinpensivemood,
Theyflashuponthatinwardeye
Whichistheblissofsolitude;
Andthenmyheartwithpleasurefills,
Anddanceswiththedaffodils.
Keys:
I.1.A2.B3.D4.B5.C6.C7.B8.D9.A10.A
II.1.individual2.humanlife3.nature4.humanlife
5.thedemonic6.Byronichero7.OdetotheWestWind
8.Theodes9.OdeonaGrecianUrn10.PrideandPrejudice
III.1.T2.T3.F4.F5.F
IV.1.Coleridge2.Blake3.Keats4.Shelley5.Wordsworth
V.1.Romanticismisamovementthatflourishedinliterature,philosophy,musicandartinwesterncultureduringmostofthenineteenthcentury,beginningasarevoltagainstclassicism.TherehavebeenmanyvarietiesofRomanticisminmanydifferenttimesandplaces.TheleadingfeaturesofRomanticmovementsareWordsworth,Shelley,etc.
2.Odeisacomplexandoftenlengthylyricpoem,writteninadignifiedformalstyleonsomeloftyorserioussubject.Odesareoftenwrittenforaspecialoccasion,tohonourapersonoraseasonortocommemorateanevent.
VI.1.ItistakenfromShelley’sOdetotheWestWind.Inthispoem,Shelleyeulogizesthepowerfulwestwindandexpresseshiseagernesstoenjoytheboundlessfreedomfromthereality.Intheselastlines,thepoetshowshisoptimisticspiritforthefuture.
2.ItistakenfromWordsworth’s“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud.”Thepoetthinksthatitisablisstorecollectthebeautyofnatureinhismindwhileheisinsolitude.Heexpresseshisstrongaffectingfornatureinthepoem.
II.维多利亚时期
I.Eachofthestatementbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandputtheletterinthebrackets
1.TheVictorianperiodroughlybeganattheenthronementofQueenVictoriain_____.
A.1835B.1836C.1837D.1838
2.ThecriticalrealistslikeCharlesDickensintheVictorianperiodwrotenovels_____.
A.representingthe18thcenturyrealistnovel
B.criticizingthesociety
C.defendingthemass
E.alltheabove
3._____isnotaVictorianovelist.
A.CharlesDickens
B.GeorgeEliot
C.WilliamMakepeaceThackeray
D.D.H.Lawrence
4._____isnotaworkbyCharlesDickens.
A.OliverTwistB.DavidCopperfield
C.MiddlemarchD.ATaleofTwoCities
5.WutheringHeightsisamasterpiecewrittenby_____.
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