因为违规使用手机而写的五千字检讨书.docx

因为违规使用手机而写的五千字检讨书.docx

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因为违规使用手机而写的五千字检讨书

1.

Wecanreadofthingsthathappened5,000yearsagointheNearEast,where

peoplefirstlearnedtowrite.Buttherearesomepartsoftheworldwhereeven

nowpeoplecannotwrite.Theonlywaythattheycanpreservetheirhistoryisto

recountitassagas--legendshandeddownfromonegenerationofstory-tellers

toanother.Theselegendsareusefulbecausetheycantellussomethingabout

migrationsofpeoplewholivedlongago,butnonecouldwritedownwhatthey

did.AnthropologistswonderedwheretheremoteancestorsofthePolynesian

peoplesnowlivinginthePacificIslandscamefrom.Thesagasofthesepeople

explainthatsomeofthemcamefromIndonesiaabout2,000yearsago.

Butthefirstpeoplewhowerelikeourselveslivedsolongagothateventheir

sagas,iftheyhadany,areforgotten.Soarchaeologistshaveneitherhistorynor

legendstohelpthemtofindoutwherethefirst'modernmen'camefrom.

Fortunately,however,ancientmenmadetoolsofstone,especiallyflint,be-

causethisiseasiertoshapethanotherkinds.Theymayalsohaveusedwood

andskins,butthesehaverottedaway.Stonedoesnotdecay,andsothetoolsof

longagohaveremainedwheneventhebonesofthemenwhomadethemhave

disappearedwithouttrace.

2.

Why,youmaywonder,shouldspidersbeourfriends?

Becausetheydestroyso

manyinsects,andinsectsincludesomeofthegreatestenemiesofthehuman

race.Insectswouldmakeitimpossibleforustoliveintheworld;theywould

devourallourcropsandkillourflocksandherds,ifitwerenotfortheprotection

wegetfrominsect-eatinganimals.Weowealottothebirdsandbeastswhoeat

insectsbutallofthemputtogetherkillonlyafractionofthenumberdestroyed

byspiders.Moreover,unlikesomeoftheotherinsecteaters,spidersneverdo

theleastharmtousorourbelongings.

Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink,norevennearlyrelatedtothem.

Onecantellthedifferencealmostataglanceforaspideralwayshaseightlegs

andaninsectnevermorethansix.

Howmanyspidersareengagedinthisworkonourbehalf?

Oneauthorityon

spidersmadeacensusofthespidersinagrassfieldinthesouthofEngland,and

heestimatedthatthereweremorethan2,250,000inoneacre,thatissomething

like6,000,000spidersofdifferentkindsonafootballpitch.Spidersarebusyfor

atleasthalftheyearinkillinginsects.Itisimpossibletomakemorethanthe

wildestguessathowmanytheykill,buttheyarehungrycreatures,notcontent

withonlythreemealsaday.Ithasbeenestimatedthattheweightofallthein-

sectsdestroyedbyspidersinBritaininoneyearwouldbegreaterthanthetotal

weightofallthehumanbeingsinthecountry.

T.H.GILLESPIESparethatSpiderfromTheListener

3.

Modernalpiniststrytoclimbmountainsbyaroutewhichwillgivethemgood

sport,andthemoredifficultitis,themorehighlyitisregarded.Inthepioneering

days,however,thiswasnotthecaseatall.Theearlyclimberswerelookingfor

theeasiestwaytothetopbecausethesummitwastheprizetheysought,especi-

allyifithadneverbeenattainedbefore.Itistruethatduringtheirexplorations

theyoftenfaceddifficultiesanddangersofthemostperilousnature,equipped

inamannerwhichwouldmakeamodernclimbershudderatthethought,but

theydidnotgooutoftheirwaytocourtsuchexcitement.Theyhadasingleaim,

asolitarygoal--thetop!

Itishardforustorealizenowadayshowdifficultitwasforthepioneers.Ex-

ceptforoneortwoplacessuchasZermattandChamonix,whichhadrapidly

becomepopular,Alpinevillagestendedtobeimpoverishedsettlementscutoff

fromcivilizationbythehighmountains.Suchinnsastherewereweregenerally

dirtyandflea-ridden;thefoodsimplylocalcheeseaccompaniedbybreadoften

twelvemonthsold,allwasheddownwithcoarsewine.Oftenavalleyboastedno

innatall,andclimbersfoundshelterwherevertheycould--sometimeswiththe

localpriest（whowasusuallyaspoorashisparishioners）,sometimeswithshep-

herdsorcheesemakers.Invariablythebackgroundwasthesame:

dirtand

poverty,andveryuncomfortable.Formenaccustomedtoeatingseven-course

dinnersandsleepingbetweenfinelinensheetsathome,thechangetotheAlps

musthavebeenveryhardindeed.

4.

IntheSovietUnionseveralcaseshavebeenreportedrecentlyofpeoplewho

canreadanddetectcolourswiththeirfingers,andevenseethroughsoliddoors

andwalls.Onecaseconcernsan'eleven-year-oldschoolgirl,VeraPetrova,who

hasnormalvisionbutwhocanalsoperceivethingswithdifferentpartsofher

skin,andthroughsolidwalls.Thisabilitywasfirstnoticedbyherfather.One

dayshecameintohisofficeandhappenedtoputherhandsonthedoorofa

lockedsafe.Suddenlysheaskedherfatherwhyhekeptsomanyoldnewspapers

lockedawaythere,andevendescribedthewaytheyweredoneupinbundles.

Vera'scurioustalentwasbroughttothenoticeofascientificresearchinstitute

inthetownofUIyanovsk,nearwhereshelives,andinAprilshewasgivena

seriesoftestsbyaspecialcommissionoftheMinistryofHealthoftheRussian

FederalRepublic.Duringthesetestsshewasabletoreadanewspaperthrough

anopaquescreenand,strangerstill,bymovingherelbowoverachild'sgameof

Lottoshewasabletodescribethefiguresandcoloursprintedonit;and,inan-

otherinstance,wearingstockingsandslippers,tomakeoutwithherfootthe

outlinesandcoloursofapicturehiddenunderacarpet.Otherexperiments

showedthatherkneesandshouldershadasimilarsensitivity.Duringallthese

testsVerawasblindfold;and,indeed,exceptwhenblindfoldshelackedthe

abilitytoperceivethingswithherskin.ltwasalsofoundthatalthoughshe

couldperceivethingswithherfingersthisabilityceasedthemomentherhands

werewet.

5.

ThegorillaissomethingofaparadoxintheAfricanscene.Onethinksone

knowshimverywell.Forahundredyearsormorehehasbeenkilled,captured,

andimprisoned,inzoos.Hisboneshavebeenmountedinnaturalhistory

museumseverywhere,andhehasalwaysexertedastrongfascinationuponscien-

tistsandromanticsalike.Heisthestereotypedmonsterofthehorrorfilmsand

theadventurebooks,andanobvious（thoughnotperhapsstrictlyscientific）link

withourancestralpast.

Yetthefactisweknowverylittleaboutgorillas.Noreallysatisfactoryphoto-

graphhaseverbeentakenofoneinawildstate,nozoologist,howeverintrepid,

hasbeenabletokeeptheanimalundercloseandconstantobservationinthe

darkjunglesinwhichhelives.CarlAkeley,theAmericannaturalist,ledtwo

expeditionsinthenineteen-twenties,andnowliesburiedamongtheanimalshe

lovedsowell.Butevenhewasunabletodiscoverhowlongthegorillalives,or

howorwhyitdies,norwasheabletodefinetheexactsocialpatternofthe

familygroups,orindicatethefinalextentoftheirintelligence.Allthisandmany

otherthingsremainalmostasmuchamysteryastheywerewhentheFrench

explorerDuChaillufirstdescribedtheanimaltothecivilizedworldacentury

ago.TheAbominableSnowmanwhohauntstheimaginationofclimbersinthe

Himalayasishardlymoreelusive.

6.

Peoplearealwaystalkingabout'theproblemofyouth'.Ifthereisone--which

Itakeleavetodoubt--thenitisolderpeoplewhocreateit,nottheyoungthem-

selves.Letusgetdowntofundamentalsandagreethattheyoungareafterall

humanbeings--peoplejustliketheirelders.Thereisonlyonedifferencebe-

tweenanoldmanandayoungone:

theyoungmanhasagloriousfuturebefore

himandtheoldonehasasplendidfuturebehindhim:

andmaybethatiswhere

therubis.

WhenIwasateenager,IfeltthatIwasjustyounganduncertain--thatIwas

anewboyinahugeschool,andIwouldhavebeenverypleasedtoberegarded

assomethingsointerestingasaproblem.Foronething,beingaproblemgives

youacertainidentity,andthatisoneofthethingstheyoungarebusilyengaged

inseeking.

Ifindyoungpeopleexciting.Theyhaveanairoffreedom,andtheyhavenota

drearycommitmenttomeanambitionsorloveofcomfort.Theyarenotanxious

socialclimbers,andtheyhavenodevotiontomaterialthings.AllthisseemstO

metolinkthemwithlife,andtheoriginsofthings.It'sasiftheywereinsome

sensecosmicbeingsinviolentanlovelycontrastwithussuburbancreatures.

AllthatisinmymindwhenImeetayoungperson.Hemaybeconceited,ill-

mannered,presumptuousoffatuous,butIdonotturnforprotectiontodreary

clichesaboutrespectforelders--asifmereagewereareasonforrespect.I

acceptthatweareequals,andIwillarguewithhim,asanequal,ifIthinkhe

iswrong.

7.

IamalwaysamazedwhenIhearpeoplesayingthatsportcreatesgoodwillbe-

tweenthenations,andthatifonlythecommonpeoplesoftheworldcouldmeet

oneanotheratfootballorcricket,theywouldhavenoinclinationtomeeton

thebattlefield.Evenifonedidn'tknowfromconcreteexamples（the1936

OlympicGames,forinstance）thatinternationalsportingcontestsleadtoorgies

ofhatred,onecoulddeduceitfromgeneralprinciples.

Nearlyallthesportspractisednowadaysarecompetitive.Youplaytowin,

andthegamehaslittlemeaningunlessyoudoyourutmosttowin.Onthevillage

green,whereyoupickupsidesandnofeelingoflocalpatriotismisinvolved,it

ispossibletoplaysimplyforthefunandexercise:

butassoonasthequestionof

prestigearises,assoonasyoufeelthatyouandsomelargerunitwillbedis-

gracedifyoulose,themostsavagecombativeins