英语六级考试听力模拟题12Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Inasense,thenewprotectionismisnotprotectionismatall,atleastnotinthetraditionalsenseoftheterm.Theoldprotectionismreferredonlytotraderestrictingandtradeexpandingdevices,suchasthetarifforexportsubsidy.Thenewprotectionismismuchbroaderthanthis:
itincludesinterventionsintoforeigntradebutisnotlimitedtothem.Thenewprotectionism,infact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionintotheprivateeconomyaffectsinternationaltrade.Theemphasisontradeisstillthere,thuscametheterm“protection.”Butwhatisnewistherealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomicrelations.
TheemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworldreflectsthevictory oftheinterventionist,orwelfareeconomyoverthemarketeconomy.JabTumiler writes,“Theoldprotectionism…coexisted,withoutanyapparentintellectualdifficultywiththeacceptanceofthemarketasanationalaswellasaninternationaleconomicdistributionmechanism—indeed,protectionistsaswellas(ifnotmorethan)freetradersstoodforlaissezfaire(放任政策).Now,asinthe1930s,protectionismisanexpressionofaprofoundskepticismastotheabilityof themarkettodistributeresourcesandincomestosocietiessatisfaction.”
Itispreciselythisprofoundskepticismofthemarketeconomythatisresponsiblefortheprotectionism.Inamarketeconomy,economicchangeofvariouscolorsimpliesredistributionofresourcesandincomes.Thesameopinioninmanycommunitiesapparentlyisthatsuchredistributionsoftenarenotproper.Therefore, thegovernmentintervenestobringaboutamoredesiredresult.
ThevictoryofthewelfarestateisalmostcompleteinnorthernEurope.InSweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostallaspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednormal.InGreatBrita inthisisonlysomewhatlesstrue.GovernmenttraditionallyhasplayedaveryactiveroleineconomiclifeinFranceandcontinuedtodoso.OnlyWestGermany darestogoagainstthetidetowardsexcessiveinterventionisminWesternEurope.ItalsohappenstobethemostsuccessfulWesternEuropeaneconomy.
ThewelfarestatehasmadesignificantprogressintheUnitedStatesaswell asinWesternEurope.Socialsecurity,unemploymentinsurance,minimumwagelaws,andrentcontrolarebynowtraditionalwelfarestateelementsontheAmericanscene.
11.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing____.
A)thedefinitionofthenewprotectionism
B)thedifferencebetweennewandoldprotectionism
C)theemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworld
D)thesignificanceofthewelfarestate
12.Whatdoesthephrase“stoodfor(Para.2)”mean?
A)represented.B)heldout.C)tolerated.D)disapproved.
13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTacharacteristicofawelfare statementionedinthispassage?
A)Freeeducationisavailabletoachild.
B)Lawsaremadetofixtheminimumwage.
C)Ajoblesspersoncanbeinsured.
D)Thereareregulationsforrent.
14.Whichofthefollowinginferencesistrue,accordingtothispassage?
A)Theeconomydevelopedfasterinwelfarestatesthaninnon-welfarestates.
B)Inthe1930s,protectionismbegantorise.
C)Thenewprotectionismissocalledmainlybecauseitisthelatest.
D)GovernmentplaysamoreactiveroleineconomiclifeinNorthernEuropethan inGreatBritain.
15.Thepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringwhichofthefollowing questions?
A)Whendidthenewprotectionismarise?
B)WhyisthenewprotectionismsopopularinnorthernEuropeancountries?
C)DoestheAmericangovernmentplayamoreactiveroleineconomiclifethantheBritishgovernment?
D)Whydoesthegovernmentinterveneineconomiclife?
Passage2
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
WhenIwasgrowingup,thewholeworldwasJewish.TheheroeswereJewishandthevillainswereJewish.Thelandlord,thedoctor,thegrocer,yourbestfriend, thevillageidiot,andtheneighborhoodbully:
allJewish.Wewereworkingclass andimmigrantsaswell,butthatjustcomewiththeterritory.EssentiallywewereJewsonthestreetsofNewYork.Welearnedtobekind,cruel,andsmartand feelinginamixtureoflanguageandgesturethatwaspartstreetslang,partgrade-schoolEnglish,partkitchenYiddish.
OneSundayeveningwhenIwaseightyearsoldmyparentsandIwereridingin thebackseatofmyrichuncle’scar.WehadbeenoutforarideandnowwewerebackintheBronx,headedforhome.Suddenly,anothercarsideswipedus.Mymotherandauntshrieked.Myunclesworesoftly.Myfather,inwhoselapIwassitting,saidoutthewindowatthespeedingcar,“That’sallright.Nothingbut afewJewsinhere.”InaninstantIkneweverything.Iknewtherewasaworld beyondourstreets,andinthatworldmyfatherwasahumiliatedman,withoutpowerorstanding.
WhenIwassixteenagirlinthenextbuildinghadhernosestraightened;
weallwenttogethertoseeSelmaShapirolyinginstate,wrappedinbandagesfromwhichwouldemergeapersonfitforlifebeyondtheblock.Threebuildingsawaya boywentdowntownforajob,andonhisapplicationhewrote“AnoldBrown”insteadof“AnoldBraunowiitz.”Thenewssweptthroughtheneighborhoodlikeawildfire.Anamechange?
Whatwashappeninghere?
Itwasawful;
itwaswonderful.Itwasfrightening;
itwasdelicious.Whateveritwas,itwasn’tstandstill.
Thingfeltlivelyandactive.Self-confidencewasontherise,passivityonthe wane.Weweregoingtoexperiencechallenges.That’swhatitmeanttobeinthe newworld.Forthefirsttimewecouldimagineourselvesoutthere.ButwhomexactlydoImeanwhenIsaywe?
ImeanArinie,notSelma.Imeanmy brother,notme.Imeantheboys,notthegirls.Mymotherstoodbehindme,pushingmeforward.“Thegirlsgoestocollege,too,”shesaid.AndIdid.Butmy goingtocollegewouldnotmeanthesamethingasmybrother’sgoingtocollege,andweallknewit.Formybrother,collegemeantgoingfromtheBronxtoManhattan.Butforme?
FromthetimeIwasfourteenIyearnedtogetoutoftheBronx,butgetoutintowhat?
IdidnotactuallyimaginemyselfaworkingpersonaloneinManhattanandnobodyelsedideither.WhatIdidimaginewasthatIwould marry,andthatthemanImarriedwouldgetmedowntown.Hewouldbreaktheperilsofclassandrace,andsomehowI’dbetherealongsidehim.
16.Inthepassage,wecanfindtheauthorwas____.
A)quitesatisfiedwithherlife
B)apoorJewishgirl
C)borninamiddle-classfamily
D)aresidentinarichareainNewYork
17.Whydidtheauthor’sfathersay“NothingbutafewJewsinhere”?
A)Hewasaskingforhelp.
B)Hewascomplaining.
C)Hewasreassuring.
D)Hewantedtoknowwhytheircarwassideswiped.
18.SelmaShapirohadhernosestraightenedbecauseshewanted____.
A)tolookherbest
B)tofindanewjobintheneighborhood
C)toliveanewlifeinotherplaces
D)tomarryverysoon
19.AnoldBrownchangedhisnamebecause____.
A)therewasracialdiscriminationinemployment
B)BrownwasjustthesameasBraunowiitz
C)itwaseasytowrite
D)Brownsoundsbetter
20.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat____.
A)theJewsweresatisfiedwiththeirlifeintheBronx
B)theJewishimmigrantscouldnotberich
C)alltheimmigrantswereverypoor
D)theyoungJewsdidn’tacceptthesternreality
Passage3
Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Itisallverywelltoblametrafficcongestion,thecostofpetrolandthe hecticpacemodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecomingdeplorable.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisallvery well,againto,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanotherkettleoffishaltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroadhog,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthe situationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign,otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.
Roadcourtesyisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostlevelheadedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtoretaliatewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlecourtesygoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsandfrustrationsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofcourtesyhelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofcourtesyarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizecourtesywhentheyseeit.
Contrarytogeneralopinion,youngdrivers(especiallysports-carowners,whotakeprideintheirdriving)havebettermannersthantheirseniors.Butthisattitudeisshort-livedintheworldofmoderndrivingwheremanydriversneitherexpectnorgiveanyquarter.Thismaybeacommendabletraitonthebattlefieldbutisoutofplaceontheroads.
Lorrydriverssaytheyhavealmostabandonedthepracticeofsignalcarstoover takewhentheroadisclear,bec