厦门大学招收攻读硕士学位研究生专二Word文件下载.docx
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Directions:
Eachpassageisfollowedbyquestionsbasedonitscontent.Afterreadingthepassage,choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.Answerallquestionsfollowingthepassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassage.
Passage1
Thetapdancer,liketheflamencoperformer,isbasicallyanimproviser.Thuslookingattaponewantstosavorthepersonalityandinventivenessoftheindividual.WhenBillRobinsondancedinthemovies,histechnicalskillandsophisticatedrhythmscouldbeheardaswellasseen.TheNicholasBrothersranupwallsortheprosceniumarchofthetheaterorjumpedoffplatformsandlandedinsplitsonthefloor.PegLegBates,whohadlostaleg,madeaspecialtyoutofdancingwithhiswoodenleg.SandmanSimsscatteredsandonthefloor（asFredAstairedidinoneofhisfilms）andtappedeversosoftly,slidandturnedindancesassoothingaslullabies.
1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
（A）Thestylesofvarioustapdancers
（B）Thestructureofthemoderndancetheater
（C）Thedifferencebetweenflamencoandtapdancing
（D）Theuseofdanceincertainmovieproductions
2.Accordingtothepassage,inwhatwayisaflamencodancersimilartoatapdancer?
（A）Bothperformthesamekindsofsteps（B）Bothrelyonindividualinventiveness
（C）Botharetrainedinclassicaltechniques（D）Bothmakeverylittlenoise
3.Anacrobaticstyleofdancingwasmostcloselyassociatedwithwhichofthefollowingperformers?
（A）PegLegBates（B）BillRobinson
（C）TheNicholasBrothers（D）SimsandAstaire
4.Whichtwodancersusedsandintheirroutines?
（A）RobinsonandSims（B）TheNicholasBrothers（C）BatesandRobinson（D）SimsandAstaire
5.Theauthorimplieswhichofthefollowingabouttapdancing?
（A）Itismorecomplexthanflamencodancing
（B）Itismeanttobeheardaswellasseen
（C）Itbecamepopularprimarilybecauseofthemovies
（D）Itshouldbeperformedbyatleasttwopeople.
Passage2
Thescienceofmeteorologyisconcernedwiththestudyofthestructure,state,andbehavioroftheatmosphere.Thesubjectmaybeapproachedfromseveraldirections,butthescenecannotbefullyappreciatedfromanyadvantagepoint.Differentviewsmustbeintegratedtogiveperspectivetothewholepicture.
Onemayconsidertheconditionoftheatmosphereatagivenmomentandattempttopredictchangesfromthatconditionoveraperiodofafewhourstoafewdaysahead.Thisapproachiscoveredbythebranchofthesciencecalledsynoptic（天气的）meteorology.
Synopticmeteorologyisthescientificbasisofthetechniqueofweatherforecastingbymeansofthepreparationandanalysisofweathermapsandaerologicaldiagram.Thepracticalimportanceofthenumerousapplicationsofweatherforecastingcannotbeoverestimated.Inservingtheneedsofshipping,aviation,agriculture,industry,andmanyotherinterestsandfieldsofhumanactivitywithaccurateweatherwarningsandprofessionalforecastadvice,greatbenefitsarereapedintheformofthesavingofhumanlifeandpropertyandineconomicadvantagesofvariouskinds.Oneimportantpurposeofthescienceofmeteorologyisconstantlytostrive,throughadvancedstudyandresearch,toincreaseourknowledgeoftheatmospherewiththeaimofimprovingtheaccuracyofweatherforecasts.
Thetoolsneededtoadvanceourknowledgeinthiswayarethedisciplinesofmathematicsandphysicsappliedtosolvemeteorologicalproblems.Theuseofthesetoolsformsthatbranchofthesciencecalleddynamicmeteorology.
6.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A）TheLimitationsofMeteorologicalForecasting
B）NewAdvancesinSynopticMeteorology
C）ApproachestotheScienceofMeteorology
D）TheBasicsofDynamicMeteorology
7.Thepredictionofsynopticmeteorologistsaredirectlybasedonthe____
（A）applicationofthephysicalsciences（B）preparationandstudyofweathermaps
（C）anticipatedneedsofindustry（D）observationsofcommercialairlinepilots
8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTreferredtobytheauthorasafieldwhoseneedsareservedbyweatherforecasting?
A）Transportation.B）Manufacturing.C）Farming.D）Sports.
9.Theauthorimpliesthatincreasedaccuracyinweatherforecastingwillleadto____.
A）morefundsallocatedtometeorologicalresearch
B）greaterprotectionofhumanlife
C）ahighernumberofprofessionalforecasters
D）less-specializedformsofsynopticmeteorology
10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheorganizationofthethirdparagraphofthepassage?
A）Aprocedureisexplainedanditsimportanceisemphasized.
B）Twocontrastingviewsofaproblemarepresented.
C）Recentscientificadvancementsareoutlinedinorderofimportance.
D）Aproblemisexaminedandpossiblesolutionsaregiven.
11.Inthelastsentenceofthepassage,thephrase“thesetools”refersto____.
A）weatherforecasts
B）meteorologicalproblems
C）mathematicsandphysics
D）economicadvantage
Passage3
Therearethreebasicwaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitsinteractwithoneanother.Theyarethemarketsystem,theadministeredsystem,andthetraditionalsystem.
Inamarketsystem,individualeconomicunitsarefreetointeractamongeachotherinthemarketplace.Transactionsmaytakeplacethroughbarterormoneyexchange.Inabartereconomy,realgoodssuchasautomobiles,shoes,andpizzasaretradedagainsteachother.Obviously,findingsomebodywhowantstotradeanoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask.Hencetheintroductionofmoneyasamediumofexchangeeasestransactionsconsiderably.
Analternativetothemarketsystemisadministeredcontrolbysomeagencyoveralltransactions.Thisagencywillissuelawsorcommandsastohowmucheachgoodsandserviceshouldbeproduced,exchanged,andconsumedbyeacheconomicunit.Centralplanningmaybeonewayofadministeringsuchaneconomy.Thecentralplandrawnupbythegovernmentshowstheamountofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsanddistributedtodifferenthouseholdsforconsumption.
Inatraditionalsociety,productionandconsumptionpatternsaregovernedbytradition.Eachperson′splacewiththeeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage,religion,andcustom.Transactionstakeplaceonthebasisoftradition,too.Peoplebelongingtoacertaingrouporcastemayhaveanobligationtocareforotherpersons,providethemwithfoodandshelter,carefortheirhealth,andprovidefortheireducation.Clearly,inasystemwhereeverydecisionismadeonthebasisoftraditionaloneprogressmaybedifficulttoachieve.
12.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A）Toexplainthescienceofeconomics.
B）Tooutlinetypesofeconomicsystems.
C）Toargueforthesuperiorityofoneeconomicsystem.
D）Tocomparebarterandmoneyexchangemarkets.
13.Inthesecondparagraph,bywhichofthefollowingcouldtheword"
real"
bestbereplaced?
A）Highquality.
B）Concrete.
C）Utter.
D）Essential.
14.Accordingtothepassage,abartereconomycanleadto
A）rapidspeedoftransactions
B）misunderstandings
C）inflation
D）difficultiesforthetraders
15.Accordingtothepassagewhohasthegreatestdegreeofcontrolonanadministeredsystem?
A）Individualhouseholds.
B）Smallbusinesses.
C）Majorcompanies.
D）Thegovernment.
Passage4
Whatisthefutureforcities?
Whydoesoneinner-cityneighborhoodbecomeaslumandanotherahigh-classdistrict?
Whydoesonecityattractnewshopperandvisitorswhileanotherlanguishes?
Camden,NewJersey,displaysthestrongcontrastthatcharacterizeAmericanurbanareas.ThecentralcityofCamdenhousesanisolatedunderclass.,whilesuburbanCamdenCountyprospers.ThepopulationofthecityofCamdenhasdeclinedfrom117,000in1960tolessthan80,000today.Nearly85percentofthecity’sresidentsareblackandHispanic,whilethewhitepopulationhasdeclinedfrom90,000in1960to10,000today.Only1percentofthehouseholdsremaininghaveannualincomesofmorethan$50,000,comparedwith20percentintherestofthecountryand10percentamongallblackhouseholds.
Morethan40percentofCamden’sresidentsareundereighteen,closertothelevelfoundindevelopingcountriesthantoehrestoftheUnitedStates.Jobprospectsarenotpromisingfortheseyoungpeople,becausemorethanhalfhaveleftschoolwithoutobtainingahigh-schooldiploma.Inthepast,Camden’syouthscouldfindjobsinfactoriesthatproducedCampbell’ssoups,Esterbrookpens,andRCAVictorrecords,radios,andtelevisions,butthecityhaslost90percentofitsindustrialjobs.TheEsterbrookandCampbellfactoriesinCamdenareclosed,thoughCampbell’scorporateofficesremain:
GeneralElectricnowoperatestheformerRCAfactorybutwithalaborforceatonly15percentofthelevelduringthe1960s.Camden’sunemploymentrateismorethantwicethenationalaverage.
AsCamden’spopulationandindustriesdecline,fewshopshaveenoughcustomerstoremainopen.Thecityoncehadthirteenmovietheaters,butnoneareleft.Themurderratesoaredaftergangscarvedupthecityintodistrictsduringthemid-1980stocontrolcocainetrafficking.
Meanwhile,CamdenCounty–excludingthecity–hasgrownfrom275,000in1960tomorethan400,000today.CherryHillhasmorethan75,000residentstoday,comparedtolesst
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