论文木马赢家.docx

论文木马赢家.docx

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论文木马赢家

忻州师范学院

2013届本科生毕业论文

题目浅析《木马赢家》中的爱

姓名张瑜学号200902111038

系班外本0901班专业英语

指导教师翟慧丽职称讲师

2013年6月

CONTENTS

汉语提纲Ⅰ

中文摘要Ⅱ

Abstract1

1.Introduction2

2.DistortedandAbnormalLoveinMotherandSon.3

2.1OedipusComplex—LoveMother3

2.2IrresponsibleMother......................................................................................5

3.BrokenandIncompleteLoveBetweenFatherandSon..............................6

3.1OedipusComplex—HateFather..................................................................7

3.2Father’sLoveisAbsent..................................................................................8

4.FakeandAlienatedLovebetweenHusbandandWife................................9

4.1MarriedforLove.........................................................................................10

4.2FailedResponsibility......................................................................................9

5.Conclusion.......................................................................................................10

References..........................................................................................................................11

Appendix12

Acknowledgments13

毕业论文（设计）任务书14

毕业论文（设计）开题报告15

毕业论文（设计）指导记录表16

毕业论文（设计）成绩评定表（指导教师用）17

毕业论文（设计）成绩评定表（评阅教师用）18

毕业论文（设计）答辩成绩评定表及成绩表19

汉语提纲:

浅析《木马赢家》中的爱

系班：

外语系本0901班姓名：

张瑜学号：

200902111038指导教师：

翟慧丽

1引言

作者和作品简介

2正文

2.1扭曲变态的爱

（1）恋母情结

（2）失职的母亲

2.2爱的缺位

（1）憎父情结

（2）父爱的缺乏

2.3假爱

（1）并非为爱而结婚

（2）不负责任的丈夫

3结论和对现代社会的启示

中文摘要：

《木马赢家》是劳伦斯较为著名的短篇小说之一，于他的晚年创作而成，在他去世后的1933年才发表。

这部短篇小说的背景是后工业革命的英国，故事探讨了人与人之间的关系，从一个侧面反映了西方工业社会中金钱对健康和谐的人际关系的扭曲。

作品的主题是一味追求物质享受和贪婪的性格，会使人的精神扭曲，心理变态，丧失爱的能力。

研究此题的意义在于通过劳伦斯的短篇小说代表作《木马赢家》中对‘爱’的主题的探索，进一步了解现代工业文明的发展对人性的扭曲和压抑，以及人与人和谐关系的破坏和爱的能力的丧失，从而正确把握劳伦斯作品的主题，以此提高自己欣赏.鉴析小说的能力。

母子，父子以及夫妻之间不正常的关系，尤其是母子之间，儿子对母亲怀有一种不正常的爱，而母亲却没能力去爱他，她的贪婪本性是导致保罗致死的重要原因。

这种严重的社会问题值得我们深究。

关键词：

爱，贪婪，金钱

LoveinTheRocking-HorseWinner

Abstract:

TheRocking-HorseWinnerisashortstorybyD.H.Lawrence.ItwasfirstpublishedinJuly1933andsubsequentlyappearedinthefirstvolumeofLawrence'scollectedshortstories.Itwasmadeintoafilmunderthesametitlein1950.ThesettingispostindustrialrevolutionEngland,andthestorytakesplaceduringaperiodtheAmericanscall“theroaring20’s”,atimecharacterizedbygreedandagraspingmaterialism.ThisstoryshowsthematerializedrelationshipbetweenpeopleandthedistortedcharacterincapitalismsocietyfollowingtheEnglishindustrialrevolutionwhichdestroyedanddistortedhumanity.Thethemeofthestoryisthatmaterialismcanleadtospiritualdeath,andthatwhenwegambleorgameforgold,weonlyaregoingtowinahollowsoul. 

Thisarticleaimsathelpingunderstandthethemeofthisworkbyanalyzingthelovebetweeneveryfamilymemberunderthemoneyorientedsociety.Thelovebetweenmotherandson,fatherandson,husbandandwifeisallabnormal.Thesonhasaspeciallovetohismother,butthemotherdoesnothavetheabilitytoshowherlovetotheson,andhergreedleadstoherson’sdeath.Thisisaseriousphenomenonworthusthinkingabout.

Keywords:

love,greed,money

LoveinTheRocking-HorseWinner

Introduction

D．H．LawrenceisanEnglishauthor,poet,playwright,essayistandliterarycritic,whoisnowgenerallyvaluedasasignificantrepresentativeofmodernisminEnglishliterature.TheRockingHorseWinnerisoneofthesuccessfulworksofLawrencewhowritesthisnovelinthe1930’s.

TheRocking-HorseWinneristhestoryofaboy’sgiftforpickingthewinnersinhorseraces.Hismotherisincapableofshowingloveandisobsessedwiththestatusthatmaterialwealthcanprovide.Herson,Paul,isacutelyawareofhismother’sdesireformoney,andheismotivatedtotakeaction.Hediscoversthatifherideshisrocking-horsefastenough,hewillsomehowknowthenameofthewinninghorseinthenextrace.Hebeginstomakemoneyandsecretlygivethismoneytohismother,butherdesireformoremoneyonlygrowsmoreintense,insteadofgoingaway.Hefinallyrideshisrocking-horsesofuriouslyinordertodiscoverthewinneroftheDerbythathefallsintoillnessanddies,justasthewinninghorseearnshisfamilyanenormousfortune.

TheRocking-HorseWinnerdoesnotonlycarrythethemeofcriticizingthedestructiveinfluencesofmodernindustrialcivilizationonhumannature,butalsorevealsFreud’spsychoanalysis——theabnormallove.Thedistortedandabnormallovebetweenmotherandson,thebrokenlovebetweenfatherandson,andthefakeandalienatedlovebetweenhusbandandwifeareanalyzedinthispaper.

1.DistortedandAbnormalLoveinMotherandSon

.1OedipusComplex——LoveMother

“Inpsychoanalytictheory,thetermOedipuscomplexdenotestheemotionsandideasthatthemindkeepsintheunconscious,viadynamicrepression,thatconcentrateuponaboy’sdesiretosexuallypossesshismother,andkillhisfather.”（SigmundFreud1940:

302）ThetermisoriginatedfromtheGreeklegendofKingOedipus,whowasraisedawayfromhisparents,accidentlykillshisfatherandmarrieshismother.Hedideverythingpossibletoescapetheoracle’sdecreeandpunishedhimselfbyblindingwhenhelearnedthathehadnonethelessunwittinglycommittedboththesecrimes.

So,fromthestoryofOedipus,thepsychologiststhinkthatduringacertainperiod,someboysbegintolookoutsidetoseeksexualobject.Thefirstobjectistheirmother.Theboywhomakessuchachoiceismainlybecauseofthesexualinstinct.Paulobviouslyhasaspeciallovetohismother.Whenhespeakswithhismother,hewillfeelshy,“‘Isluckmoney,mother?

’heaskedrathertimidly.’”（王守仁2005:

184）Whenhetellshismotherstoutlythathehimselfisaluckyperson,andhismothershowssomefeelingsasunbelievable,Paulfeelsangry.“‘Excellent!

’saidthemother,usingoneofherhusband’sexclamations.Theboysawshedidnotbelievehim;or,rather,thatshepaidnoattentiontohisassertion.Thisangeredhimsomewhat,andmadehimwanttocompelherattention.”（王守仁2005：

184）AsifPaulplacesthesamestatuswithhismotherandshowsanabnormalfeelingtoher.

Inordertomakehermotherhappy,heevenworkshardtoearnmoney,whichshouldbedonebyhisfather.WhenhisuncleaskswhatPaulwilldealwiththemoneyheearns,Paulsaidheisforthesakeofhismother.“‘Butwhatareyougoingtodowithyourmoney?

’askedtheuncle.‘Ofcourse,’saidtheboy,‘Istarteditformother.Shesaidshehadnoluck,becausefatherisunlucky,soIthoughtifIwaslucky,itmightstopwhispering.’”（王守仁2005：

189）Andhedidnotwanthismotherknowwhathedoesforher.Itisanabnormalphenomenonforachildtobehavelikethat.Kidsareoftenwillingtoshowtheirgooddeedstotheirparentsandwouldfeelproudofthemselves.ButPaul’swordsarenotappropriateforhisposition.“‘Ishouldn’tlikemothertoknowIwaslucky,’saidtheboy.‘Whynot,son?

’‘She’dstopme.’‘Idon'tthinkshewould.’‘Oh!

’－andtheboywrithedinanoddway－‘Idon’twanthertoknow,uncle.’”（王守仁2005：

190）ItisobviousthatPaulhasaspeciallovewhichisnotthelovebetweenmotherandsontoHesterinhisheart.

Besides,Paulevenplanstogivehismotherabirthdaypresentofathousandpoundsforfivesuccessiveyears,butwhenhisgreedymotherwantstotakeawaythewholefivethousandadvancedatonce,heagreestoit.“‘Oh,letherhaveit,then!

Wecangetsomemorewiththeother,’saidtheboy.”（王守仁2005：

190）What’smore,Paulalwayswearsthegreenpajamasasthesamecolorofhismother’sdress.Whenheisdying,hetalkedtohismothersomuchtoaddressthatheisluckyandmakehismotherknowthathelovesherverymuch.AlloftheseshowthatPaulhasaspecialtendernessonhismothermorethanhavinganormalrelationshipbetweenmotherandson,lookinghismotherashisownpropertyandtryingtoreplacehisfather’spositionintherelationshipbetweenparents.

1.

IrresponsibleMother

InTheRocking-HorseWinner,theperiodinwhichPaullives,istherapiddevelopmentofcapitalistindustrialcivilizationperiod.Atthattime,commodityproductiondevelopedquicklyandthetemptationofvariouscommoditiestopeoplegrowstrongerandstronger.Andmoneycanprovidepeoplewiththematerialofgoodsandmeetpeople’svanity.Thepursuitofmoneydistortsthemostpreciousrelationshipbetweenmotherandchild,whichmakesthemotherunableandfailtoloveherson.EvenwhenPauldies,hismother,Hesterstilldoesnotacknowledgethathersonhadbeenluckyandthatshetrulyloveshim.

InTheRocking-HorseWinner,firstly,themother’sirresponsibleloveisthatsheshowsnolovetoPaulanddoesnotcareabouthim.Superficially,Paul’smotherisagoodmother,butactually,sheisagreedyandindifferentperson,whoonlylovesmoney.Atthebeginningoftheshortstory,itisknownthatHesterfeltherchildrenwerethrustuponher,andshecouldnotlovethem.“Shehadbonnychildren,yetshefelttheyhadbeenthrustuponher,andshecouldnotlovethem.Theylookedathercoldly,asiftheywerefindingfaultwithher.”（王守仁2005：

183）Asamother,itisshockedthatshedoesnotloveherchildren.Onlysheherselfknowsthatshecouldnotloveanybodyandcouldnotfeelothers’love,withoutexceptionofherchildren.Althougheverybodyaroundherthinkssheisagoodmother,becauseinhermannersheisallthemoregentleandanxiousforherchildren,asifshelovesthemverymuch.Hesterandherchildrenknowthatitisnotthefact,andtheyreaditineachother’seyes.

HesteronlyrunsaftermoneyanddoesnotcareforPaul.ShedoesnotonlyfindPaulbetonhorseraces,butalsodo