重庆市学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题docWord文件下载.docx

重庆市学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题docWord文件下载.docx

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Goodnews-you'

llprobablyfeellikeyouknowwhenyou'

rearoundage60          ．That'

stheagewhenpeoplereportfeelingthatthere'

sthemostmeaningintheirlives,andtheyhavetheleastneedtosearchformeaning,accordingtoarecentlypublishedresearch.

Theresearchalsofoundthataspeople'

ssenseofmeaninginliferises,sodoestheirwell-being."

Peoplewithpurposeinlifearephysicallyandpsychologicallyhealthier,"

saidDr.AwaisAftab,apsychiatrist,wholedtheresearch.

AftabandhiscolleaguesuseddatafromastudyofadultsinSanDiegoCountythatrecruited                 （招募）alargenumberofpeopleaged70andolder.Thissurveyincludedaquestionaboutthelevelofmeaningpeoplefoundintheirlifeandtheleveloftheirsearchformeaning.The1                            ，042adultsincludedinthestudyalsoansweredquestionsoverthetelephoneabouttheirmentalandphysicalhealth.

TheresultsshowedthatbothsenseofmeaningandsearchformeaningtendtobeU-shapedoveraperson'

slifetime.Presenceofmeaningstartslowinthe20sandgraduallyrisestoapeakaroundage60                                  ，onaverage,beforedecliningagain.Thesearchformeaningisamirrorimage          ：

Itstartshighinpeople'

s20sanddropstoanall-timelowaroundage60beforeclimbinginolderage.

"

Youngadultsintheirtwentiesandadultsintheirthirtiesareactivelyseekingoutcareers,friendships,andromanticrelationships,"

AftabwroteinanemailtoLiveScience.Peopleintheirfortiesandfiftiesusuallyhavemoreestablishedcareersandrelationships                                     ；

manyofthemhavefamiliesandchildren.Afterage60       ，withretirementandincreasinghealthissues,theestablishedsourcesofmeaningintheirlivesbegintofadeandpeopletendtostartsearchingforothersourcesofmeaning.

1.Whichofthefollowingisafindingoftheresearch         ？

______

A.People'

ssenseofmeaninginlifeincreaseswithage.

B.Healthierpeopletendtoleadamoremeaningfullife.

C.Thelevelofsearchformeaningisfairlyhighinyouth.

D.Thelevelsofmeaningandsearchformeaningcorrespond.

2.Whichgroupprobablyhavethestrongestsenseofmeaninginlife          ？

A.Peopleover70yearsoldlivingalone.

B.Youngadultsintheir20sstillhuntingforajob.

C.Peopleintheir50swithstablecareersandfamilies.

D.Retiredpeopleintheir60swithvarioushealthproblems.

3.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout      ？

A.Theresultsoffadinglifepurposes.

B.Thereasonsbehindtheresearchfindings.

C.Thelessonsyoungadultsshouldlearnearly.

D.Theinfluenceofageonpeople'

slifepurposes.

B

At5:

12amonApril18,1906,peoplelivinginSanFranciscowereawakenedbya40-secondearthquake.Aftera10-secondstop,anevenstrongerearthquakestruck,lasting25seconds.Survivorssawthegroundmoveinwavesashighasthreefeet.Theearthquakedamagedstreets,andstreetcarrails.

Firesbrokeoutsoonaftertheearthquake,causedprimarilybyoverturnedstoves（炉子）ordamagedelectricalwiring.Becausethecity’swatermainshadsufferedmorethan300breaks,nowaterwasavailable（可用的）tofightthefires,whichrapidlyburnedbeyondcontrol.Tocontrolthefire,firefightersbegantodynamite（炸毁）buildingsinitspath.Unfortunately,thismethodsometimesspreadthefire.BytheeveningofApril18,1,700soldiershadarrivedinSanFranciscotohelpbothlocalpeopleandthefirefighters.

Afterburninguncontrolledforthreedays,thefirefinallyburneditselfoutbythemorningofApril21.Morethan28,000buildingshadbeendestroyed,resultinginabout$500millionindamage.

Althoughtheofficialnumberofdeathswas311,itisnowbelievedthatabout3,000peoplewerekilled.About250,000people（two-thirdsofthecity’spopulation）werelefthomeless.Theywereforcedtoliveintents（帐篷）inpublicparks.

Amongtheearthquake’ssurvivorswasthefamousItalianoperasingerEnricoCaruso.OnthenightofApril17,hehadperformed（表演）theroleofJosé

inGeorgesBizet’s1875opera,“Carmen,”andhadbeenscheduledforanotherperformanceonApril18.CarusowassoshockedbytheearthquakethathemadeuphismindnevertoreturntoSanFranciscoagain.

AnselAdams,age4,survivedtheearthquakealongwithhisfamily,thoughtheirhouseandmanythingsweredamaged.AnaftershockthrewyoungAdamsface-firstintoagardenwall,givinghimwhathisfriendCedricWrightwouldcallan“earthquakenose.”Describinghisbrokennose,whichwasneverrepaired,Adamswouldlaterjoke,“Mybeautywasdamagedforever.Buthefeltthepowerofthequake,whichhecalledhis“closestexperiencewithterriblehumansuffering.”

4.Whatmadeitdifficulttocontrolthefire?

A.Damagedstreets.

B.Fallenbuildings.

C.Thebigproblemofgettingwater.

D.Thelownumberoffirefighters.

5.Whatwasthesituationlikeaftertheearthquake?

A.Deadbodiescouldbefoundinpublicparks.

B.Morethanhalfofthelocalshadtofindshelter.

C.Over250,000peoplehadtoliveonthestreet.

D.About28,000buildingssurvivedwithlittledamage.

6.HowdidEnricoCarusofeelabouttheearthquake?

A.Completelylost.B.Veryfrightened.

C.Reallyannoyed.D.Extremelysad.

7.What.happenedto4-year-oldAnselAdams?

A.Hewaslaughedatbyhisfriend.

B.Hisfamilymemberswerehurtbadly.

C.Hislookswereunexpectedlychanged.

D.Hegotinjuredwhiletryingtoprotecthisnose.

C

ThePharos,thegreatlighthouseofAlexandria,wasoneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld.ItstoodontheislandofPharos,intheharborofthecityofAlexandria.In290B.C,PtolemyISoter,therulerofEgypt,orderedthebuildingofthelighthouse.Twentyyearslater,itwasfinished−thefirstlighthouseintheworldandthetallestbuildingonEarthexcepttheGreatPyramidofEgypt.

ThePharoswasdesignedbySostrates,aGreekarchitect.Sostrateswantedtoleavehisnameonthebaseofthelighthouse.ButPtolemyrefused,orderingthatonlyhisownnameappearonthebuilding.ButSostratesfoundawaytodothat.AtthebaseofthePharos,Sostratesleftamessagecontaininghisownname.Thenhecovereditwithplaster（建筑石膏）andleftPtolemy'

snameoverit.Aftermanyyears,theplasterdisappearedandpeopleknewthetruearchitectofthelighthouse.

In1302and1323,twostrongearthquakeshitAlexandria,andthelighthousewasdamaged.In1326,itfinallyfellintothesea.MuchofwhatweknowaboutthelighthousecomesfromthewritingsofArabswhooncevisitedthePharos.

ThePharoswasabout384feettall,thesameheightasamodern40-storeybuilding.AtthetopofthelighthousestoodalargestatueofPoseidon,theGreekgodofthesea.Underitwasabeacon,thesourceoflightforthelighthouse.ThePharosusedtwokindsofbeacons.Atnight,alargefirecreatedthelight.Duringtheday,ahugemirrormadeuseofthesunlighttocreatethelight.

Itwassaidthatthemirrorwasalsousedtosetenemyshipsonfireastheyenteredtheharborbydirectingthesun’srays（sunlight）atthem.Althoughitisclearlyimpossible,theideaisinteresting.

8.WhydidSostratesuseplasteratthebaseofthePharos?

A.TofollowPtolemy'

sorders.

B.Tohidehisnameleftonthebase.

C.Toprotectthebasefromdamage.

D.Tomakethelighthousemorebeautiful.

9.HowlonghadthePharosstayedstanding?

A.Forabout800years.B.Forabout1,000years.

C.Forabout1,600years.D.Forabout2,000years.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"

it"

inParagraph4referto?

A.Thelighthouse.B.Thestatue.

C.Alargefire.D.Ahugemirror.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.SostratesandPtolemy.

B.Thefunctionofanoldlighthouse.

C.ThePharos,awonderoftheancientworld.

D.Thearchitectofanoldlighthouse.

D

Wehumansusedtothinkthatourabilitytousetoolsmadeusdifferentfromallotheranimals.Butthenwefoundoutthatchimpsusetools,too,suchasstickstogatherdistantsnacksandrockstohammeropennuts.Andsomebirdsusetools—likebrainyNewCaledoniancrows（乌鸦）,whichcancollectmultiparttoolstosolvepuzzleboxespresentedtothembyresearchers.

Nowwe’velearnedthatadifferentgroupofbirds—seabirds—canalsousetools.ScientistsspiedonAtlanticpuffins,thedistinctivebirdswithbrightorangebeaks（鸟喙）.Andin2014theobserversspottedonefloatingontheseaoffWales,scratching（抓挠）itsbackwithastick.Then,in2018,theresearcherscaughtanothertool-usingpuffinoncamera,onIceland’sGrí

mseyIsland.Intheshortvideoclip,apuffincanbeseengrabbingastickwithitsbeakandthenusingittoscratchitschest—perhapstoremoveoneoftheseabirdticks（蜱虫）livingontheislandthatsummer.

Thedetailsaboutpuffins’superbabilityareintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.StudyauthorAnnetteFayettoldScientificAmericaninane-mailthatthesetwoinstancesdon’tprovethatseabirdsarehighlyintelligent—thoughtheycouldbesmarterthanwethought.Butwhatiscertain,shesays,isthatpuffinpopulationsarecrashing,andit’slargelythefaultofusandourtools—whichhaveledtooverfishing,climatechange,marinepollutionandthepresenceofinvasivespecies,allofwhichmakeseabirdlifeharder.Itwouldbenicetokeeppuffinsandotherbirdsaroundandfindoutjustwhatelsewedon’tknowthatthey’reabletodo.

12.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?

A.