06成人学位英语试题.doc

06成人学位英语试题.doc

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2006

PartⅡReadingComprehension（30minutes30%）

Directions:

Inthisparttherearefourreadingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorincompletestatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youarerequiredtochoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Questions16-20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

TheexactnumberofEnglishwordsisnotknown.Thelargedictionarieshaveoverhalfamillionentries,butmanyofthesearecompoundwords（schoolroom,sugarbowl）ordifferentderivativesofthesameword（rare—rarely,rarefy）,andagoodmanyareobsoletewordstohelpusreadolderliterature.Dictionariesdonotattempttocovercompletelywordsthatwecandrawon:

theinformalvocabulary,especiallyslang,localism,thetermsofvariousoccupationsandprofessions;wordsusedonlyoccasionallybyscientistsandspecialistsinmanyfields;foreignwordsborrowedforuseinEnglish;ormanynewwordsornewsensesofwordsthatcomeintouseeveryyearandthatmayormaynotbeusedlongenoughtowarrantbeingincluded.（86）ItwouldbeconservativetosaythatthereareoveramillionEnglishwordsthatanyofusmightmeetinourlisteningandreadingandthatwemanydrawoninourspeakingandwirting.

ProfessorSeashoreconcludedthatfirst—gradersenterschoolwithatleast24,000wordsandadd5,000eachyearsothattheyleavehighschoolwithatleast80,000.Thesefiguresareforrecognitionvocabulary，thewordsweunderstandwhenwereadorhearthem.ouractivevocabulary，thewordsweuseinspeakingandwriting，isconsiderablysmaller.

Youcannotalwaysproduceawordexactlywhenyouwantit.Butconsciouslyusingthewordsyourecognizeinreadingwillhelpgetthemintoyouractivevocabulary.（87）occasionallyinyourreadingpayparticularattentiontothesewords,especiallywhenthesubjectisonethatyoumightwellwriteortalkabout.Underlineormakealistofwordsthatyoufeelaneedforandlookupthelesslessfamiliaronesinadictionary.Andthenbeforeverylongfindawaytousesomeofthem.Onceyouknowhowtheyarepronouncedandwhattheystandfor，youcansafelyusethem.

16.Accordingtotheauthor’sestimation，therearewordsinEnglish.

A.morethanhalfamillion B.atleast24,000

C.atleast80,000 D.morethanamillion

17.Theitalicizedword“obsolete”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.

A.nolongerinuse B.profound C.colorful D.common

18.One’srecognitionvocabularyis.

A.1essoftenusedthanhisactivevocabulary

B.smallerthanhisactivevocabulary

C.aslargeashisactivevocabulary

D.muchlargerthanhisactivevocabulary

19.TheauthordoesnotsuggestgettingrecognitionvocabularyintoactivevocabularyBy.

A.makingalistofwordsyouneedandlookingupthenewonesinadictionary

B.spendinghalfanhourstudyingthedictionary

C.consciouslyusingthewordsyourecognizeinreading

D.tryingtousethewordsyourecognize

20.Fromthepassagewelearnthat.

A.dictionariescompletelycoverthewordswecanmakeuseof

B.“schoolroom”isusedinthepassageasanexampleofaspecializedterm

C.onceyouknowhowawordispronouncedandwhatitrepresents，youhaveturneditintoyouractiveword

D.activevocabularyreferstowordsweunderstandwhenwereadandhearthem

Questions21-25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AthirdofBritonsareoverweight,statesareportpublishedinJanuarybytheRoyalCollgegofPhysicians，theresultofan18-month-longstudy.Aboutfivepercentofchildrenweightoomuch，andarelikelytostaythatwayforlife；inthemid-twentiesagegrouptheproportionoffatpeoplerisestoathird，andofthemiddle-agedpopulationhalfareoverweight.

Fatpeopleriskseverehealthproblems，saysthereport，includinghighbloodpressure，breathlessness,andvariousformsofheartdisease.Smokingisparticularlyriskyforoverweightpeople.

Thesafestwaytoloseweightistoeatcereals，bread，fruitandvegetables,andcutdownonfattymeats，butterandsweetfoods，Faddietsdofarmoreharmthangood；slimmingmachinesthatvibratemuscleshavenotbeenproveduseful；saunas（桑拿浴）merelyremovealittlebodywater，andhealthfarms，saysthereport，serveasexpensiveholidays.

（88）Exerciseismostimportanttohealth,thereportemphasizes;thoughitdoesn’tnecessarilyreduceweight,itmaintainsthecorrectproportionofbodyfattobodymuscle.Anditisn’tonlyfortheyoung;frommiddleageaminimumof20minutesofgeneralphysicaljirksshouldbepracticedthreetimesaweek.

Thereportadvocatesseveralpublichealthmeasurestocombatthehighprevalenceofoverweightinthiscountry.Theyincludeanincreaseoftaxonalcoholtoreduceitsincreasing，anddangerouslyfattening，consumption；andtheprovisionofmoresportsfacilitiesbylocalauthorities.Britain’sdoctors，thereportconcludes，mustlearntobemoresympatheticandspecificintheiradvicetotheoverweight，encouragingachangeineatinghabitsonalong—termbasis，andtakingintoaccountthemany—oftencomplex—reasonswhyfatpeoplearefat.

21.Thepassagemainlytalksabout.

A.thecauseofBritons’overweight

B.howtoavoidgettingoverweight

C.Britons’overweightproblem

D.therelationsbetweenoverweightandhealthproblems

22.Accordingtothereport,apersonismostlikelytostayfatforthewholeofhislifeifhe.

A.getsfatinthetwenties B.getsfatinhismiddleage

C.isbornfat D.getsfatwhenheischild

23.Thereportsuggeststhatexercise.

A.isawaytoreduceweight B.sometimesincreaseweight

C.isasurewaytokeeponehealthy D.canconvertfattomuscle

24.Thereportpointsoutthatdrinkingtoomuchalcohol.

A.willalsocauseonetogetfat

B.willcauseonetodolesssports

C.willmakeoneforgetthefactthatheisfat

D.willleadonetobadeatinghabits

25.Britain’sdoctors，whentreatingtheoverweight，should

A.encouragealong-termdietforeveryone

B.bemoreconsiderateandgivedetailedadvice

C.firstconsiderwhysomanypeoplearefat

D.doalloftheabove

Questions26-30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Oneofthemostimportantwaysanindividualcanreducepollutionisbyconservingenergy.Conservingenergyreducestheairpollutioncreatedbypowerplants.Drivinglessisoneofthebestwaystosaveenergyandavoidpollutingtheair.

Peoplecansaveelectricitybybuyingmoreefficientlightbulbsandhomeappliances.Peoplecanalsoconservebyusingapplianceslessoften.

Peoplecanalsobuyproductsthataresafefortheenvironment.Forexample,householdscanhelpreducewaterpollutionbyusingfewertoxiccleaningproducts.Ifconsumersrefusetopurchaseharmfulproducts,manufacturerswillstopmakingthem.

Peoplecanalsohelpreducepollutionbyeatinglessmeat.Farmersuselargequantitiesoffertilizerandpesticidestoraisetheproductionofgrainonwhichcattle,hogs,andpoultryfeed.Farmerswouldusemuchlessfertilizersandpesticidesifpeoplechosetoeatlessmeatandmoregrains,beansandvegetables.Ifconsumerswouldacceptproducewithslightblemishesorimperfections,farmerscouldreducetheiruseofchemicals.

Oneofthesimplestwaysindividualscanpreventpollutionisbyreusingproducts.Forexample,somemilksuppliersuseglassbottlesinsteadofpaperbagstocarrygroceriesortoholdgarbage.Whenpeoplereuseproducts,theyavoidboththepollutionassociatedwiththecreationofanewproductandthepollutioncausedwhentheproductisthrownout.

（89）Themostimportantwaypeoplecanfightpollutionistolearnasmuchaspossibleabouthowtheiractionsaffecttheenvironment.Thentheycanmakeintelligentchoicesthatwillreducedamagetotheplanet.

26.Thereareseveralways,listedinthepassage,forindividualstoconserveenergyexcept.

A.drivingless

B.usingmoreefficientlightbulbsandhomeappliances

C.usingapplianceslessoften

D.usinglessfertilizerandpesticides

27.Themostimportantwayforindividualstoreducepollutionis.

A.savingenergy B.eatinglessmeat

C.usingpaperbags D.closingallthepowerplants

28.Learningmuchabouthowtheiractionsaffecttheenvironmentcanhelppeoplefightpollutionbecausethey.

A.canmakeintelligentchoicestoreducedamagetotheenvironment

B.canchoosetobuyproductsthataresafefortheenvironment

C.canchoosetoeatlessmeatandmoregrains,beans,andvegetables

D.wouldacceptproducewithslightblemishesorimperfections

29.Oneofthesimplestwaystopreventpollutionis.

A.drivingless B.reusingproducts

C.conservingenergy D.buyingmoreefficientbulbs

30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheMostImportantWaystoReducePollution

B.TheBestWaystoConserveEnergy

C.TheSimplestWaystoControlPollution

D.IndividualEffortsonControllingPollution

Questions31-35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thescopeofmankind’sactivitieshasexperiencedexpansionfromlandtoocean,fromoceantoatmosphere,andfromatmospheretoouterspace.Spacetechnology,whichemergedinthe1950s,openedupaneweraofman’sexplorationofouterspace.

（90）Havingdevelopedrapidlyforabouthalfacentury,mankind’sspaceactivitieshavescoredremarkableachievements,greatlypromotedthedevelopmentofsocialproductivityandprogress,andproducedprofoundandfar-reachingeffects.Spacetechnologyhasturnedouttobeonefieldofhightechnologythatexertsthemostprofoundinfluenceonmodern