语言学复习题及答案Word文件下载.docx

语言学复习题及答案Word文件下载.docx

《语言学复习题及答案Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语言学复习题及答案Word文件下载.docx（24页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

5.answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfants

itspatternsareimposedonsentences.

（//）.

A.allophone

8.

Anaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandan

unreleasedpareofthepphoneme.

morphemesD.allophones

sometimesreferredtoas

uvula

narrow

11.

D.centering

Aphonemeisagroupofsimilarsoundscalled

productionofspeechsounds?

Articulatoryphonetics

C.Auditoryphonetics

Noneoftheabove

accordingtoplacesofarticulation?

A.[n]

14.

Whichvowelisdifferentfromtheothers

accordingtothecharacteristicsofvowels?

A.[i:

]B.

[u]C.[e]D.

[i]

15.Whatkindofsoundscanwemakewhenthevocalcordsarevibrating?

A.VoicelessB.VoicedC.

GlottalstopD.Consonant

16.Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassified

as.

A.lexicalwordsB.grammatical

words

C.functionwordsD.formwords

17.Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number,

genderandcasearecalledmorpheme.

A.inflectionalB.

freeC.boundD.derivational

18.Therearemorphemesintheword

denationalization.

A.threeB.

fourC.fiveD.six

19.

InEnglish—iseand—tionarecalled

20.

Thethreesubtypesofaffixesare:

prefix,

suffixand

infixes

D.stems

A.derivationalaffix

B.inflectional

formedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.

A.affixation

addition

22.

ThewordTBisformedinthewayof

A.acronymy

23.

Thewordslikecomsatandsitcomareformed

by

24.

D.acronymy

back-formation

Thestemofdisagreementsis

A.agreement

B.agree

25.

Allofthemaremeaningfulexceptfor

A.lexeme

B.phoneme

morpheme

D.allomorph

26.Thesentencestructureis

A.

linear

hierarchical

complex

bothlinearandhierarchical

only

B.only

27.

Thesyntactic

rulesofanyIanguageare

innumber.

finite

A.large

B.small

D.infinite

28.The

rules

aretherulesthatgroupwordsand

phrasestoformgrammaticalsentences.

A.lexical

B.morphologicalC.

linguistic

D.combinational

29.

Asentenceisconsideredwhenitdoesnotconform

tothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.

A.right

B.wrong

grammatical

30.

D.ungrammaticalintheembeddedclausereferstothe

introductorywordthatintroducestheembeddedclause.

social

sentences

A.howwordsandphrasesformsentences.

D.alloftheabove.

D.functional

city

34.

D.thecityRome

Thephrase“ontheshelf”belongsto

construction.

A.endocentric

B.exocentric

35.Thesentence“Theywerewantedtoremainquietandnot

toexposethemselves.”isasentence.

A.simpleB.coordinateC.

compoundD.complex

36.Thenamingtheoryisadvaneedby.

A.PlatoB.BloomfieldC.

D.Firth

GeoffreyLeech

bike.”

with

entails

D.presupposes

features.

Componentialanalysis

Grammaticalanalysis

39.

“Alive”and“dead”areantonyms

B.relationalantonyms

complementary

antonyms

D.Noneof

theabove

40.dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthe

linguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.

A.ReferenceB.ConceptC.

SemanticsD.Sense

41.referstothephenomenonthatwords

havingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.

A.PolysemyB.SynonymyC.

HomonymyD.Hyponymy

42.Wordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalled

A.homonymsB.polysemiesC.

hyponymsD.synonyms

43.Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsand

pragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningis

considered.

A.referenee

B.speechactC.

practicalusage

D.context

44.Asentenceis

aconcept,andthemeaningof

asentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.

A.pragmaticB.grammaticalC.

mentalD.conceptual

45.Ifwethinkofasentenceaswhatpeopleactuallyutter

inthecourseofcommunication,itbecomesa（n）.

A.constativeB.directiveC.

utteraneeD.expressive

46.Speechacttheorydidnotcomeintobeinguntil

A.inthelate

50'

softhe20thecentury

intheearly1950'

s

inthe

late

1960'

intheearly21stcentury

47.istheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething;

itistheconsequeneeof,orthechangebroughtaboutbytheutteranee.

locutionary

act

B.Anillocutionaryact

C.AperlocutionaryactD.Aperformativeact

48.isabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternal

structureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.

49.A.SyntaxB.Gramma

rC.MorphologyD.Morpheme

50.areoftenthoughttobethesmallestmeaningfu

lunitsoflanguagebythelinguists.

A.WordsB.MorphemesC.Phoneme

sD.Sentences

51.“-s”intheword“books”is.

52.A.aderivativeaffixB.aste

mC.aninflectionalaffixD.a

root

53.Boundmorphemesareclassifiedintotwotypes:

___affix

and__boundroot_

54.Thetheoryofconditionexplainsthefactthat

nounphrasesappearonlyinsubjectandobjectpositions.

55.referstothephenomenonthatwordshaving

differentmeaningshavethesameform.

D.semantic

A.grammaticalrulesrestrictions

C.semanticrules

features

57.

WhatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningismentalD.conceptual

59.Ifwethinkofasentenceaswhatpeopleactuallyutter

inthecourseofcommunication,itbecomesa（n）.

A.constativeB.directiveC.utteranceD.expressive

60.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Utterancesusuallydonottaketheformofsentences.

B.Someutterancescannotberestoredtocompletesentences.

C.Noutterancescantaketheformofsentences.

D.Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences.

65.Speechacttheorydidnotcomeintobeinguntil

softhe20thecentury

intheearly21stcentury

66.istheactperformedbyorresultingfrom

sayingsomething;

itistheconsequenceof,orthechangebroughtaboutbytheutterance.

A.Alocutionary

perlocutionary

D.A

performativeact

67.

AccordingtoSearle,theillocutionarypointofthe

representativeis

A.togetthehearertodosomething

B.tocommitthespeakertosomething

sbeingthecase

C.tocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofaction

D.toexpressthefeelingsorattitudetowardsanexistingstateofaffairs

68.Alltheactsthatbelongtothesamecategorysharethesamepurpose,buttheydiffer.

A.intheirillocutionaryactsB.intheirintentionsexpressed

C.intheirstrengthorforceD.intheireffectbroughtabout

69.isadvancedbyPaulGrice

Cooperative

Principle

PolitenessPrinciple

C.TheGeneralPrincipleofUniversalGrammar

AdjacencyPrinciple

70.

Whenanyofthemaximsunderthecooperativeprinciple

isflouted,mightarise.

A.impolitenessB.contradictions

C.mutualunderstandingD.conversationalimplicatures

71.Thepersonwhoisoftendescribedas“fatherofmodern

I■■■■戈，・

linguistics”is..

A.FirthB.SaussureC.HallidayD.Chomsky

72.ThemostimportantcontributionofthePragueSchooltolinguisticsisthatitseeslanguageintermsof.

A.functionB.meaningC.signsD.system

73.TheprincipalrepresentativeofAmericandescriptivelinguisticsis.

A.BoasB.SapirC.BloomfieldD.Harris

74.Generallyspeaking,thespecifieswhethera

certaintagmemeisinthepositionoftheNucleusoroftheMargininthestructure.

Role

Cohesion

75.Grammaristhemostwidespreadandthebest

understoodmethodofdiscussingIndo-Europeanlanguages.

A.TraditionalB.StructuralC.

FunctionalD.Generative

76.GrammarstartedfromtheAmericanlinguist

SydneyM.Lambinthelate1950sandtheearly1960s.

A.StratificationalB.CaseC.

RelationalD.Montague

77.InHalliday'

sview,thefunctionisthe

functionthatthechildusestoknowabouthissurroundings.

A.personalB.heuristicC.imaginativeD.informative

78.

Therhemeinthesentence“OnitstoodJane”is

stood

D.Jane

psychology.

80.

TGgrammarhasseen

stagesofdevelopment.

A.three

four

five

D.six

II.Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.

1.linguistics

petence

Competence:

Itisanessentialpartofperformance.Itisthespeaker'

sknowledgeofhisorherlanguage;

thatis,ofitssoundstructure,itswords,anditsgrammaticalrules.Competenceis,inaway,anencyclopediaoflanguage.Moreover,theknowledgeinvolvedincompetenceisgenerallyunconscious.Atransformational-generativegrammarisamodelofcompetence.

3.Synchroniclinguistics

Synchroniclinguistics:

Itreferstothestudyofalanguageatagivenpointintime.Thetimestudiedmaybeeitherthepresentoraparticularpointinthepast;

synchronicanalysescanalsobemadeofdeadlanguages,suchasLatin.Synchronic

linguisticsiscontrastedwithdiachroniclinguistics,thestudyofalanguageoveraperiodoftime.

4.Soundassimilation