毛景定稿.docx

毛景定稿.docx

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毛景定稿

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毕业论文

重新诠释蓓基的人生观及其形成原因

ANewInterpretationofBecky’sOutlookonLifeandCauses

学生姓名

毛景

学院名称

外国语学院

专业名称

英语

指导教师

马龙云

年

月

日

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Acknowledgements

MydeepgratitudegoestoAssociateProf.MaLongyunwithoutwhosepatience,warmencouragementandinspiringinstruction,thecompletionofmythesiswouldhavebeenimpossible.

ThenIamreallygratefultoalltheassociateprofessorsandallmyteachersinXuzhouInstituteofTechnologyespeciallyassociateProf.HanHaiyan,YuanQingchunandMissZhanShaoxia,PengJuan.Itismygreathonortohavetheirhelpandsupport.

Finally,Iowemymostheartfeltthankstomyparentsandallmygoodfriends,withoutwhosehelpandencouragementIcanhardlyimagineevercompletingthisthesis.

Abstract

WilliamMakepeaceThackerayisoneoftherepresentativesoftheEnglishcriticalrealisticwriters.VanityFairhasbeengenerallyregardedashismasterpiece.Thebookisrootedinsocialandhistoricalrealityanditrevealstheweaknessofhumanbeings,andthroughwhichtheethicsofthefirsthalf19thcenturyaredistinctlydescribed.Thebookhasenjoyedahighpopularitysincepublished.Somescholarsareinterestedinthemoralcontent;someofthemtrytointerprettheimpressivecharactersandsomeintendtocomprehendtheironyusedbyThackeraytoexpresshisfeelings.Theyreadthenovelintermsoffeminism,psychoanalysis,andformalism.ThisthesisfocusesonBecky’svaluesoflove,moneyandmorality,whichisanewwaytoilluminatethefigure.Sincetheworldisfulloftemptationandsnare,peopleareeasytogetpuzzledandlost.Itisvaluabletotheformationofrightoutlookonlife.

Keywords:

VanityFairBeckyValuesCauses

摘要

《名利场》是十九世纪英国著名小说家萨克雷的成名作和代表作。

它真实描绘了十九世纪英国上流社会没落贵族和资产阶级暴发户等各色人物的丑恶嘴脸和弱肉强食、尔虞我诈的人际关系。

自作品出版以来，越来越多的学者对它深感兴趣、研究的程度也很深，这些研究包括作品中的女性主义、主人公的悲剧命运、作品的写作特点和叙述策略等。

本课题主要通过分析《名利场》中女主人公蓓基的爱情观、金钱观，处世态度等，来重新诠释她的人生观及其形成原因。

这可以使我们重新认识这一顽强女性。

对于当今物欲横流，充满诱惑的社会，人容易迷失自我。

因此，此研究方向对于我们形成正确的人生观也有一定的价值。

关键词:

名利场;蓓基;价值观;原因

Contents

Acknowledgements...….………………………………………………………………………..II

Abstract………………………………………………………………………………................III

摘要…………………………………………………...….....……………………………….…..IV

ChapterOneIntroduction……………………………………………………………………..1

1.1BriefIntroductiontoWilliamMakepeaceThackeray……………………………………....1

1.2BriefIntroductiontoVanityFair…….……………………………………………………………..1

1.3ConciseIntroductiontoPresentResearchResults………………………………………….2

ChapterTwoBecky’sThreeMainValues………………………………………………………3

2.1Becky’sNotiontowardLove……………………………………………………………….3

2.1.1MaterialFoundationsofLove…………………………………………………………..3

2.1.2BeingUnfaithfultoLove..................................................................................................3

2.2Becky’sAttitudetowardMoney…..........................................................................................4

2.2.1Money-Orientation……………………………………………………………………...4

2.2.2WaystoObtainMoney…………………………………………………………………5

2.3Becky’sAttitudetowardMorality…………………………………………………………...6

2.4CausesoftheThereDifferentValues………………………………………………………..7

2.4.1TheSocialBackground...……………………………………………………………….7

2.4.2TheFamilyFactors…………………………………………………………….8

2.4.3TheLifeExperiences……………………………………………………………...8

ChapterThreeConclusion……………………………………………………………...10

References……………………………………………………………………............…11

ChapterOnetheIntroduction

1.1BriefIntroductiontoWilliamMakepeaceThackeray

WilliamMakepeaceThackeraywasborninanuppermiddleclassin1811,Calcutta,India.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewas4yearsold.Atsix,hewassentbacktoEnglandwherehewenttoschoolandthenstudiedatCambridge.Hedidnotseehismotherforthenextthreeyears.Attheuniversity,Thackeraydisplayedatalentforcartoon-drawingandeditedastudentnewspaper.ThestagnantatmosphereattheUniversityboredhimsothatheleftwithouttakingadegree.LaterThackeray’sfate,tookadisastrousturnin1833.DuetothefailureofanIndianbankwherehedepositedhisfortunefromhisfather,hehadtoturntojournalismforaliving.InParishemetIsabellaandgotmarriedin1836.Later,hiswifegotmadandhehadtosendhistwoyoungdaughterstolivewiththeirgrandparents.

Manyofhiswritingswerepublishedduringthe1830sand40s.In1848,ThackerayachievedwidespreadpopularitywithhishumorousBookofSnobsandinthesameyearhisVanityFairmadehimoneoftherepresentativesofEnglishwriters.In1850,thecompletionofthenovelPenDennismadehisreputationincreased.Thackeraypublishedtwohistoricalnovels,HenryEdmond（1852）andTheVirginians（1859）.Thackerayalsowrotemanyotherworksincludingshortstories,sketches,andsatiricalpoemsandhewroteasanobserverratherthanaparticipantinlife.DuringthelastyearsofhislifeThackerayworkedonthenovelDenisDuvalwhichremainedunfinishedowingtohisdeathin1863,whenhewasonly54.

1.2BriefIntroductiontoVanityFair

WilliamMakepeaceThackeraymakesafulldescriptionofVictorianEnglandandportraysanumberofvividcharactersinhismasterpieceVanityFair.

Itfaithfullypresentsusthe19thcenturyEnglishupper-middleclass.Thereforeatthisfairisallsuchmerchandiseashouses,lands,places,honors,lusts,anddelightsofallsorts.“Anovelwithoutahero,”emphasizestheauthor’sintentionwasnottoportrayindividuals,butthebourgeoisandaristocraticsociety.InthecapitalizedEngland,honorwasimportantinpeople’seyes.Everyonewasselfish.

Thenovelincludesalotofcharmingcharacters.OneofthemisAmeliaSedley,thedaughterofawealthyLondonmerchant.TheotherisBeckySharp,anorphan.Sheisaclassicalexampleofthemoney-grubbinginstinct.Heronlyinspirationinlifeistogainwealthandpositionbyanymeans,throughlies,andmeanactions.Sheflirtsandcarriesonunhealthyrelationswithallwealthyandpowerfulmen,youngandold,withinherreach,forthesimpleaimatlivingarichandcomfortablelife.Allhervanityisinseparablyrelatedtothecupidityforwealth.AnotherheroineofthenovelisAmeliaSedley,atimid,mild,sentimentalanduselesswoman.Thackeray’spreciseandcomprehensiveobservation,richknowledgeofsociallifeandofthehumanheart,humor,ironicandvividdescriptionisallshowninVanityFair.

1.3ConciseIntroductiontoPresentResearchResults

SinceVanityFairwaspublishedin1847-1848,ithasreceivedahighpopularity.FromThackeray’stimetillnow,duringonehundredandfiftyyears,VanityFairhasbeenthefocalpointofcriticism.Astimegoeson,researcherschangetheirfocustoalmosteveryaspectofthenovel.Manyofthemareinterestedinthemoralpart;manydotheirbesttounderstandthecharacters;manyareattractedbytheskillofwriting,suchashumorandirony.Mostcriticsreadthenovelintermsofaesthetics,feminismandsoon.However,thenovelhasnotbeenresearchedcompletely.MostworksareaboutBecky’simpressionleftonpeople,thecomparisonbetweenBeckyandAmelia,orthecausesofthetragedydestiny.Theformerreaderstendedtothinkofthenovelasamirrorofmorality.Thecommentsarenearlythesamepattern:

theresultofthedarksociety.Sincethelate20thcentury,manyresearchershaveshiftedtheirpointofviewsonwritingthesis.Theyrestudythetwomainfemalecharactersfromanewangle.It’sfromthebookVanityFairthatIgetsomeinspirationtowritethisthesis.

ChapterTwoBecky’sThreeMainOutlookonLife

2.1Becky’sNotiontowardLove

Beckyispettyandlowinsociety,andshehasnonoblerelativeswhocanhelpheroutofthepoorlivingconditions.Shehastobecomeshrewdandwindsherwaytowealth.Herattitudetowardloveisthatloveshouldbebasedonmaterial.

2.1.1MaterialFoundationsofLove

Thefemaleinthe19thcenturycouldnotenjoythemarriagelikeElizabeth,mostofwhomarriedformoney,authority.Inaword,thefocuswasmatter.Marriagewastheconvenientwaytoaccesstowealth,therefore,thedeterminantofselectinghusbandwasmoneyratherthantruelove.InVanityFair,thesocialinjusticeisbasedonwealthandtitles.Becky,bornapauper,hasnomoney,nohighrank,andisalwayskickedoutwhenfoundpenniless.Shehasnoadvantagesinregardtofriendswhenshestepsintolife.Thesocietyisnotfairtoher.Hadshebeenborntopowerorstatus,theworldwouldhavetreatedherdifferently.Soshewasdeterminedtogetfreefromtherestrictionofpovertyandactforherself.Shehasnochoicebuttoearnbreadforherself.Youngassheis,shelovesmoneyandworshipsmoney.Thus,shetriestomeetthenobleandseducethegentlemen.Allofthatisnotoutoflove,butfortune.

ConcerningBecky’shusband-hunting,theauthorcommented,“IfMissRebeccaSharphaddeterminedinherheartuponmakingtheconquestofthisbigbeau,Idon’tthinkladies,wehaveanyrighttoblameher;forthoughthetaskofhusband-huntingisgenerally,andwithbecomingmodesty,entrustedbyyoungpersonstotheirmamas,recollectthatMissSharphadnokindparenttoarrangethesedelicatemattersforher,andthatifshedidnotgetahusbandforherself;therewasnooneelseinthewildworl