英语词根词源精讲2.ppt

英语词根词源精讲2.ppt

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英语词根词源精讲2TongLimin,4.be-,使成为，进入某种状态来自be,behave:

v.表现，行为；举止behaveyourself:

behaviour:

n.behaviourism:

n.behaviourist:

n.,hind-:

后，后面,behind:

conj.hind:

adj.后面的hinder:

adj.更后面的v.阻碍，阻止hinderland:

n.内陆hindrance:

n.,befriend:

v.beget:

v.生育belabor:

v.痛击，痛斥；冗长的责骂,legh-:

放置,beleaguer:

v.围攻，使苦恼lay:

v.lie:

v.lager:

n.贮藏啤酒，拉格啤酒,lov-:

爱，准许,believe:

v.belief:

n:

love:

leave:

n.许可；假期，假日furlough:

n.士兵休假；休假，公休Shehasmyleavetovisithim.Idliketoreadtheletterbyyourleave.relieve-relief:

elevate,riv-,reav-:

撕，扯,bereave:

v.剥夺；丧失亲人bereavement:

n.思亲之痛bereft:

adj.river:

n.rift:

n.裂口，裂缝*rivet:

n.铆钉v.用铆钉钉上*riveting:

adj.吸引人的，着迷的,rob:

v.robe:

n.rape:

v.rip:

v.ripple:

n.rippleeffect:

river:

n.riven:

v.使分裂rivening:

adj.,-,con-,一起，表强调,pan-,pant-:

面包,company:

n.伙伴，同伴；公司companion:

n.同伴，陪伴companionate:

panionship:

n.*pantry:

n.面包室；茶水间accompany:

v.陪伴accompaniment:

n.陪伴，伴奏accompanist:

n.陪伴者，伴奏者,pl-,ply-:

满,complete:

pletion:

n.deplete:

v.耗尽accomplish:

v.取得成就accomplishment:

n.成就full:

adj.fill:

v.supply:

v.supplier:

n.,merc-:

commerce:

n.商业，贸易commercial:

adj.（ICBC）commercialize:

mercialization:

n.merchant:

n.商人merchandise:

n.商品mercenary:

n.雇佣兵market:

n.marketing:

n.促销；营销,bat-,beat-,but-:

击，打,combat:

v.搏斗，打斗combatant:

n.beat:

v.butt:

n.屁股batter:

v.battery:

n.battle:

n.abut:

v.,前缀的词根同化现象,co-:

vowelandhandgcol-:

lcor-:

rcom-:

b,f,m,pcon-:

f,g,andother,co-:

一起,co-author:

n.co-respondent:

n.coalesce:

v.联合，合并coalescent:

adj.coalescence:

ncoalition:

n.联合，合并cohere:

v.粘合；使连贯coherent:

adj.cohesion:

n.凝聚力,ag-:

做，驱动,coagulate:

v.凝固，凝结coagulant:

n.coagulation:

n.anticoagulate:

v.anticoagulant:

n.anticoagulation:

n.cogent:

（*coagent）adj.有说服力的cogitate:

（*coagitate）v.认真思考cogitation:

n.,gn

（1）-,gen-:

认识，知道,cognitive:

adj.认知的，认识的cognition:

n.cognizant:

adj.cognizance:

n.know:

v.ken:

n.知识范围；视野beyondoneskencan:

v.canny:

adj.精明的，狡猾的cunning:

adj.狡猾的*uncanny:

adj.怪异的,gn

（2）-,gen-:

生育，产生,cognate:

adj.同源的*cognateness:

n.gene:

n.generate:

v.generator:

n.generation:

n.genesis:

n.起源；创世纪genetic:

adj.kin:

n.kind:

adj.,leg-,leag-,lect-,lig-:

挑选，选择,colleague:

n.collect:

v.collective:

adj.eligible:

adj.elect:

v.elite:

n.elitism:

n.elitist:

n.refer:

latte,lettuce,lactic,lactate,galaxy,leg-,leag-,lect-,lig-:

挑选，选择,colleague:

n.同事collect:

v.收集collective:

adj.收集的；集合的eligible:

adj.有资格的elect:

v.选举elite:

n.精英elitism:

n.精英主义,loc-,loq-:

说话，谈话,colloquial:

adj.口语的colloquy:

n.说话，对话loquacious:

adj.话多的eloquent:

adj.雄辩的elocution:

n.演说；演说术grandiloquent:

adj.浮夸的interlocuate:

v.插话interlocutor:

n.参与对话者circumlocution:

n.含混表达；迂回的话circumlocutory:

adj.,bust-:

燃烧,combust:

v.燃烧combustion:

bustible:

bustionchamber:

n.,ed-,eat-,est-,es-,吃,eat:

v.edible:

estible:

adj.可吃的n.食物eatery:

n.小餐馆obese:

adj.肥胖的obesity:

n.肥胖症refer:

is,essence,interestinterestgroup,fort-:

坚固，力量,comfort:

fortable:

fortably:

forter:

forting:

adj.,fort-:

坚固，力量,comfort:

v.安慰comfortable:

adj.舒服的comfortably:

forter:

n.安慰剂；安慰物comforting:

adj.安慰的fort:

n.城堡force:

n.力量enforce:

v.强制施行,t-ce,fort:

n.force:

n.enforce:

n.space-spatial:

divorce-vertdivorce-divorceefiance-fiancee,mit-,mis-,miss-,送，送出,commit:

v.承诺；委托，交付；犯错误commitment:

n.承诺commission:

n.委托，委任；佣金admit:

v.准许进入；承认，同意admission:

n.承认；入场费admittance:

n.承认,emit:

v.送出；发射emission:

n.emissary:

n.使者mission:

n.使命missionary:

n.传教士promise:

n.v.,pat-,pet-:

展开，追寻；翅膀,compete:

petent:

petence:

petitive:

petor:

n.repeat:

v.repetition:

n.petition:

n.请愿petitioner:

n.,pet-,pter-:

展开；翅膀,patent:

adj.展开的n.专利（patentletter）feather:

n.helicopter:

n.dinosaur:

n.*pterosaur:

n.digit:

n.手指*pterodactyl:

n.,ced-,cess-:

走，离开,concede:

v.承认，同意；让步concession:

n.让步，优惠concessionary:

adj.优惠的，减价的accede:

v.承认，同意；就职access:

n.进入；通道accession:

n.就职accessible:

adj.可进入的,cap-,capt-,ceive-:

拿，抓，握,conceive:

v.想出，构思，设想；怀孕conceivable:

adj.想出的，构想的concept:

n.概念，观念conception:

n.概念，设想conceptionalize:

v.形成概念capable:

adj.capacious:

adj.容量大的；宽敞的capacity:

n.capture:

n.v.captive:

adj.n.,jac-,ject-:

扔，投掷,conjecture:

n.猜测v.猜测abject:

adj.悲惨的adjacent:

adj.邻近的adjective:

adj.n.project:

n.v.projectile:

n.missile:

n.reject:

v.,rupt-:

破裂，断裂,corrupt:

adj.腐败的v.corruptible:

adj.uncorruptible:

adj.bankrupt:

adj.bankruptcy:

n.rupture:

n.bereave:

v.rob:

v.rip:

v.,rob-:

强，硬,corroborate:

v.加强，巩固corroboration:

n.robust:

adj.强健的robot:

n.robotics:

n.robotization:

n.,sider-,star-,astro-:

星,consider:

v.considerate:

adj.considerable:

adj.unconsiderable:

adj.sidereal:

adj.star:

n.astrology:

n.astronaut:

n.nautical:

adj.,6.in-,en-,进入，使来自in,in-,在内，进入，使inborn:

adj.in-house:

adj.inside:

n.adj.,clin-,clim-:

倾斜,incline:

v.倾向inclination:

n.decline:

v.下倾；拒绝declination:

n.倾斜*cline:

n.渐变群climate:

n.acclimate:

v.,m-n,home-hauntlamp-lanternlimit-lintelsublime:

adj.崇高的，极好的,m-n,haunt:

v.闹鬼；萦绕心头lantern:

n.灯笼*lintel:

n.门栏；门楣,clud-,clos-:

关闭,include:

v.包含inclusive:

adj.inclusion:

n.conclude:

v.下结论conclusive:

adj.conclusion:

n.close:

v.clause:

n.,volv-:

卷,involve:

v.involvement:

n.evolve:

v.evolution:

n.evolutionism:

n.evolutionist:

n.Volvo:

n.,lum-,lust-:

光，光彩,illuminate:

v.照明，阐明；解释illumination:

n.luster:

n.光泽illustrate:

v.说明；给例证，加插图illustrative:

adj.说明的，例证的illustration:

n.说明，例证；图解illustrator:

n.插图作家illustrious:

adj.著名的，显著的light:

adj.,bib-,bev-:

喝，饮,imbue:

v.灌输imbibe:

v.喝，饮；吸收imbibition:

n.*bib:

n.小孩用的围裙，围嘴beverage:

bevy:

一群小鸟abevyof：

migr-,移动，迁移,immigrate:

v.移居入境immigration:

n.immigrator:

n.immigrant:

n.emigrate:

v.移民，移出emigration:

n.emigrator:

n.emigree:

逃亡者，流亡者,rad-,根,irradiate:

v.辐射，放射；发出光线irradiation:

n.irradiance:

n.放射；辐射；容光焕发irradiant:

adj.irradiator:

n.放射装置；暖热片radius:

n.半径radish:

n.萝卜root:

n.,en-,进入，使来自in-变体形式,enable:

v.enact:

v.ensure:

v.enlighten:

v.启发，开悟enlightening:

adj.enlightenment:

n.,embody:

v.embitter:

v.empower:

v.,bar:

n.barrier:

n.障碍物barrister:

n.大律师barricade:

n.障碍物，路障embargo:

v.禁运；禁止n.禁运令embarass:

v.embarassment:

n.,bl-,bol-:

扔，投掷,emblem:

n.徽章；符号;象征problem:

n.symbol:

n.v.ball:

n.舞会ballet:

n.ballistic:

adj.弹道的ballistics:

n.*ballad:

n.民谣；歌谣,ploy-,plic-:

卷,employ:

v.雇佣；雇用employer:

n.employee:

n.employment:

n.unemployed:

adj.unemployment:

n.,ploy-,plic-,ply-:

卷,deploy:

v.部署deployment:

v.disemploy:

v.disemployment:

n.imply:

v.implicit:

adj.explicit:

adj.implication:

n.,7.ex-,向外来自拉丁语ex,从.离开ex,前妻，前夫，前男友，前女友,-clud,clos-:

关闭,exclude:

v.排除exclusion:

n.exclusive:

adj.exclusiveclub/exclusivenewsinclude:

v.conclude:

v.close:

v.clause:

n.,it-,走,exit:

n.*adit:

n.transit:

n.v.initiate:

v.启动initiative:

n.倡议，主动权itinerary:

n.日程表*itinerate:

v.巡回adj.巡回的itinerant:

adj.巡回的，流动的,cap-,capt-,cept-,cip-:

抓，握,except:

prep:

capable:

adj.capture:

n.accept:

v.participate:

v.参与,st-,sist-:

exist:

v.existance:

n.existant:

adj.extant:

adj.assist:

v.insist:

v.stand:

v.,sec-,seq-:

跟随，顺序,execute:

v.执行，施行execution:

n.executive:

adj.sequence:

n.persecute:

v.迫害，烦扰prosecute:

v.控告，起诉,sec-,seq-:

跟随，顺序,consequent:

adj.作为结果的，随之发生的consequence:

n.结果；重要性consequently:

adv.结果地suit:

n.v.suitable:

adj.*suitor:

n.pursuit:

n.追逐inpursuitof,ex变体形式,e-,b,d,g,l,m,n,vec-,ef-:

el-,ec-:

向外,eccentric:

adj.怪异的eccentricity:

n.center:

n.,educate:

v.educator:

n.education:

n.educationist:

n.,edit:

v.editor:

n.editorial:

adj.edition:

n.anecdote:

n.轶闻；趣事anecdotic:

adj.,greg-:

集中,egregious:

adj.极坏的，极糟糕的egregiously:

adv.aggregate:

v.聚集，集合aggregation:

n.聚集体，集合体congregate:

v.聚集，集合congregation:

n.教堂会众，人群group:

n.,ject-,扔，投掷,eject:

v.喷射，射出；射精ejection:

n.inject:

v.n.project:

n.reject:

v.,lev-:

举，举起,elevate:

v.举起elevated:

adj.elevator:

n.lever:

n.alleviate:

v.light:

adj.,lev-:

举，举起,elevate:

v.举起elevated:

adj.elevator:

n.lever:

n.alleviate:

v.light:

adj.,merg-,mers-:

浸，浸入,emerge:

v.出现emergent:

adj.emergence:

n.emergency:

n.immerse:

v.浸入immersion:

n.immersive:

adj.,vad-,wad-:

走,evade:

v.逃避，逃走evasive:

adj.逃避的；推诿的invade:

v.入侵invasion:

n.wade:

v.wader:

n.,vid-,vis-:

看,evident:

adj.evidently:

adv.evidence:

n.video:

n.visit:

v.visual:

adj.n.visualize:

v.,fect-:

做,effect:

n.影响，效果effective:

adj.有效的effectiveness:

n.effectual:

adj.有效的efficient:

adj.有效率的efficiency:

n.效率efficacy:

n.功效，效果,lip-:

留下,ellipsis:

n.省略ellipse:

n.椭圆elliptic:

adj.椭圆的，省略的,8.de-,向下，离开；表相反；表强调来自拉丁语de,向下，离开,8.1de-,向下，离开,cid

（1）-,砍，切,decide:

v.decision:

n.decisive:

adj.insecticide:

n.herbicide:

n.,cid

（2）-,cas-:

掉落,deciduous:

adj.落叶的accident:

n.accidental:

adj.accidentally:

adv.incident:

n.incidental:

adj.case:

*cascade:

n.小瀑布,duc-,duct-:

拉，引导,deduce:

v.演绎出；推论deduct:

v.减除deductible:

adj.可减除的deduction:

n.演绎，推论；减除produce:

v.product:

n.production:

n.productivity:

n.,prim-,print-,press-:

压,press:

v.n.depress:

v.压低；使沮丧，压抑depression:

n.萧条；沮丧depressive:

adj.impress:

v.impression:

n.impressive:

adj.,prim-,print-,press-:

oppress:

v.镇压，压迫oppression:

n.oppressive:

adj.oppressor:

n:

*reprimand:

v.责备，苛责print:

v.imprint:

v.,8.2de-,不，非，表相反,de-,不，非，表相反,de-ice:

v.defrost:

v.defroest:

v.,sper-:

希望,despair:

v.绝望desperate:

adj.绝望的，不顾一切的desperation:

n.desperado:

n.暴徒desperately:

adv.prosper:

v.繁荣，繁盛prosperous:

adj.prosperity:

n.,ser-,sert-:

连接，插入,desert:

n.沙漠v.离弃，遗弃deserter:

n.逃兵insert:

v.assert:

v.series:

n.serial:

adj.exert:

（*exsert）v.尽力，努力；运用，使用exertion:

n.,tect-:

遮盖,detect:

v.侦察detective:

n.protect:

v.protection:

n.deck:

n.,8.3de-:

表强调或加强,bat-,beat-,击，打,debate:

v.辩论n.batter:

v.battle:

n.beat:

v.,liber-:

称量，秤,deliberate:

v.n.仔细衡量，思考deliberation:

n.Libra:

n.天秤座level:

n.水平,ter-:

恐惧,deter:

v.威慑deterent:

n.威慑因素terror:

n.恐惧，恐怖terrorism:

n.terrorist:

n.,fin-:

界限，终结,define:

v.下定义definition:

n.finish:

v.finite:

adj.finiteness:

n.definite:

adj.明确的，确定的definitely:

adv.infinity:

n.finiteness:

n.,fin-:

infinite:

adj.无限的infinity:

n.finiteness:

n.indefinite:

adj.不确定的,term-:

界限，终结,determine:

v.决定determination:

n.determinism:

n.determinist:

n.term:

n.termsandconditions:

terminal:

n.terminate:

v.,9.dis-:

不，非，表相反；表离开；表分开,9.1dis-:

不，非，表相反,dis-:

不，非,disagree:

v.disallow:

v.dishonest:

adj.dissident:

n.discount:

n.,dis-:

表相反,discharge:

v.discover:

v.dishonor:

v.displace:

v.displease:

v.dissuade:

v.persuade:

v.,9.2dis-:

表离开（away）,miss-:

送,dismiss:

v.解散，遣散dismissal:

n.mission:

n.emission:

n.,pel-,puls-:

推，挤,dispel:

v.驱散compel:

v.强迫，迫使compelling:

pulsory:

adj.impel:

v.推动，鼓舞impulse:

n.冲动impulsive:

adj.冲动的pulse:

n.脉搏，脉冲,9.3dis-:

分开，散开,cuss-:

摇，震动,discuss:

v.discussion:

n.concussion:

n.脑震荡percussion:

n.打击，敲击，震动percussioninstrument:

n.percussionist:

n.,tract-:

拉,distract:

v.分心，分神distracted:

adj.detract:

v.贬低，贬损attract:

v.attractive:

adj.traction:

n.train:

n.v.,seg-,sect-:

切，分,dissect:

v.解剖section:

n.sector:

n.segment:

n.insect:

n.bisect:

v.,se-,semin-:

种子，精液,disseminate:

v.传播dissemination:

n.*inseminate:

v.*insemination:

n.semen:

n.种子；精液seminar:

n.*seminary:

n:

神学院seed:

n.,9.4di-:

分开，散开,lig-:

选择，挑选,diligent:

adj.diligence:

n.eligible:

adj.eligibility:

n.colleague:

n.collect:

v.,lav-,lut-:

流，冲洗,dilute:

v.dilution:

n.diluvial:

adj.antidiluvian:

adj.lava:

lavatory:

n.pollute:

v.pollution:

n.,vid-:

分开,divide:

v.divisive:

adj.division:

n.widow:

n.widower:

n.wide:

adj.va