48个国际标准音标及发音规则Word文件下载.doc
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t
d
k
g
f
v
s
z
ϑ
ð
m
n
ŋ
l
r
h
w
j
∫
ʒ
t∫
dʒ
tr
dr
ts
dz
英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音
长元音 /ɑ:
/ /ɔ:
/ /
ɜ:
/ /i:
/ /U:
/
短元音 /
ɪ/ /e//æ
//Λ//ə//ʊ//ɒ/
双元音/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/
/ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/
/əʊ/ /aʊ/
辅音10对
清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][ϑ][ʃ][ts][tr][tʃ]
浊辅音[b][d][g][v][z][ð
][ʒ][dz][dr][dʒ]
3个鼻音[m][n][ŋ]
3个似拼音[h][r][l]
2个半元音[w][j]
有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。
关于语音的几个概念:
音素:
音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.
音节:
由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.
元音:
发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.
辅音:
发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.
开音节:
1）辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e,这时元音发字母本身的音。
如:
kitecakenamebikemaketakehomeplaneshine
2）辅音+元音如:
hehigonodobetreethreehello
闭音节:
1）辅音+元音+辅音:
sitbedbadbaghothopletmadmaphead
2）元音+辅音如:
itisofinonupoutant
1元音:
1）[i:
]字母组合:
eeeaeie
threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanpiecereceiveceiling
2）[i]发音字母iye
sitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydefectdecidedelicious
3）[æ
]发音字母a
baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman
4）[e]字母组合eaea
headbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany
5）[ε:
]字母组合irurearerorgirlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbird
turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburger
learnearnearthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormworkworld
6）[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu
teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthordeliciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodaylessonWashingtoncontrolaroundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlistenSaturday
7）[Λ]发音字母uoouoo
upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabove
troubleroughbloodflood
8）[u:
]字母组合ooou
foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefullprude
9）[ʊ]字母组合ooouuo
lookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf
10）[ɔ:
]字母组合alorauourar
smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarter
11）[ɒ]发音字母oa
hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot
wantwashwatch
12）[a:
]字母组合ara
carfarmcardarmgarden
fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm
13）[ai]发音字母iy
bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye
14）[au]字母组合ouow
houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouse
flowerdownnowcowhowtown
15）[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey
namecakelategateplaneApril
playsaymayway
greatbreak
rainpaintplain
theygrey
16）[əʊ]发音字母oowoa
homecoldgonophonehostghost
knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflow
boatcoatgoal
17）[ɪə]字母组合eerear
beerdeer
earnear
herefierceidea
18）[ʊə]字母组合ourower
tour
19）[ɔɪ]字母组合oyoi
boytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice
20）[eə]字母组合earairere
pearbearchairairfairtherewherecare
2容易混淆的元音
[æ
][e]
badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid
[i：
][ei]
realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid
[e][ai]
betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide
[au][ɔ:
]
househorseloudlordsouthsaucecloudclausenownorcountcorn
][Λ]
fanfuntantunsansontanktun
3辅音
1）[p]penpearplaypigpourpullpush
2）[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak
3）[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb
4）[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife
coughlaughroughphysicphotophone
5）[d]doordulldeskdadfoodland
6）[t]treetwotentonlentwant
7）[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean
8）[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsoul
9）[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage
10）[k]kingkitekeylookcookbooksky（k在s后浊化为g）（发间字母k）
cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcome（发音字母c）
foxboxx-ray（发音字母x）
schoolschedulescheme（字母组合ch）
11）[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho
12）[dʒ]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridge
joyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk
13）[tʃ]childchickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteach
14）[ʃ]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash
nationattentionstation
socialspecial
sure
15）
16）[r]readredrightrunroomwrite
17[s]sixsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf（发音字母s）
licensecityceasecedarceilingcelebrate（发音字母c）
piecejuicesciencelancespaceace（字母组合ce）
18）[z]zoozebrazerozapclosenosehosesupposepausethosewhose
19）[ϑ]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth
20）[ð
]thatthisthos
21）[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow
22）[ŋ]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorningevening
23）[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest
24）[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood
25）[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk
26）[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink
27）[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts
28）[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods
4容易混淆的辅音
[v][w]
vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell
[s][ϑ]
sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought
[z][ð
closeclothbreezebreathe
[n][ŋ]
thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing
5字母，组合音节发音规律
1）a[][][][][]
lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage
activehandbankfanparentfamilygladflag
acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema
fastlastglassclasspastfather
washwhatwatchwant
2）e[][][][]
appreciateextremelysecretshemehe
letterleftmessagegeneratepebble
decideprettypreviousresultrestore
problemprosperousstudentconfident
activetablelatewifestorelecture
3）i[]
highpricelibraryicecreamwifesizeline
fistpickchickenpianofiancé
cityunit
4）o[][][][][]
lodehostcoldnoteokayoldhome
losedowhowhoseprove
lovesomeothermotherhoneycompany
todaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollect
losthotmockofficesofthonest
5）u[][][][]
universityrefuseuniqueuniversehuge
putpushpullfullbull
butbrushbucketduckbubble58英语学习
supportsuggest
6）c[][]
countrycampcameracouragecable
cityceilingcelebratecellcease
7）g[][][]
girlgradeglassgladebagflag
villagevegetablebridgegentlemangym
longsongsingmorningevening
8）l[]
listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorilla
worldcoldsoiltallsellcoolanimal
9）n[][]
moonnightnoodlenumber
unclehungryangryyoung
10）r[][]
rightreadwritegradeprogress
cardboarddoorfloorformnorth
11）y[][][]
yellowyearyellyoungyolk
universitycountryprettyhappy
dykedyingflybuybymy
12）ar[][][]
farmcardgardenmark
dollar
warmquarrelquarter
13）ea[][][][]
ceaseseasonbreathefeaturemeatplease
breadbreastbreathmeadowweather
idearealize
14）ear[][]
learnearthearnheard
hearnearclearearfear
15）er[][][]
deserveserveherperson
teacherdriverangersinger
seriousexperiencemysteriousfierce
16）ere[][]
heremereferesere
there
17）ir[][]
shirtgirlskirt
admiredesire
18）oo[][][][]
roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffood
goodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbook
bloodflood
doorfloor
19）or[][][]
shortformcornbornfor
workworldwormwordworst
tractordoctoractorsectorseniorsenator
20）oor[][]
moorpoorboor
21）our[][]
hourtourflourbournlour
pourcourtfourmourn
22）ou[][][]
housemouthmousesoundfound
enoughtroubletouch
deliciousgraciousprosperous
23）ow[][]
windowmeadowknowshowlow
nowtownhowdowncow
24）se[][]
nosesupposegoseloseposerose
mousehouse
25）th[][]
thankthinkthoughtcloth
clothesthatthisthenthan
26）sion[][]
tensionprogressionpassion
provisionconclusiontelevision
27）tion[][]（不常见）
stationnationtranslationattention
question
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