饮食习惯论文Word文档下载推荐.docx

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院系国际商学院

专业英语

年级2006级

学号061503640127

学生王鑫鑫

指导教师刘国权刘真

结稿日期2010年5月10日

四川外语学院重庆南方翻译学院教务处制

2010年5月10日填

浅析中英饮食习惯与饮食礼节的文化差异

摘要：

进入21世纪以来，跨文化交际已经成为人们生活中不可或缺的内容。

由于地域特征、气候环境、风俗习惯的差异，不同的民族和国家形成了不同的文化。

饮食习惯及餐桌礼仪也是跨文化交际的重要组成部分。

了解中西方饮食文化及餐桌礼仪方面的差异及其渊源，对于外语学习者来讲，不仅能增加对所学语言文化的理解，更能提高跨文化交际的成功率，避免因为不恰当的方式或行为造成误解和交际障碍。

本文浅析中英饮食习惯与饮食礼节的文化差异，从分析两者的地域、气候、风俗等方面的内容，得知中英两者饮食习惯和饮食礼节的大体差异，然后提出研究两者在饮食习惯和饮食礼节上的文化差异的重要性，以达到促进交流，减少交际障碍的目的。

关键词：

饮食习惯；

饮食礼节；

文化差异；

跨文化交际

AStudyonCulturalDifferenceofTableHabitsandEtiquetteBetweenChinaandGreatBritain

Abstract

Sincetheentranceof21stcentury,thecross-culturalcommunicationhasbecomethekeyfeatureofthisnewera.Asaresultofthedifferenceofregionalfeatures,climaticenvironmentandsocialcustomsandhabits,thedifferentnationalitiesandcountrieshavecreateddifferentculture.Gradually,thesignificanceoftablehabitsandetiquetteareplayedamoreimportantroleonthecross-culturalcommunication.Itcanstrengthentheunderstandingofthelearntlanguageandimprovethesuccessrateofcross-culturalcommunication,evenavoidthemisunderstandingsandcommunicationdisordersforimpropermannersandbehaves.

Inthispaper,theauthorexpressesheragreementontheimportanceofstudythedifferenceoftablehabitsandetiquette.Inthefirstpartofthepaper,theauthortheoreticallyelaboratesthereasonwhichcausesthedifferenceoftablehabitandetiquettebetweenChinaandGreatBritainandthenprovidesevidencetoshowthattheparticulartraditionsandfeaturesofthetwocountries.Shedrawsaconclusioninaccordancewiththesestatements.Therefore,theauthoratlaststatesthepointagainthatthesignificanceofstudythedifferenceispromotingbetterunderstandingandcommunicationandreducingcommunicationdisorder.

Keywords:

tablehabits;

etiquette;

culturaldifference;

cross-culturalcommunication

Acknowledgement

Firstandforemost,Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetomysupervisor,LiuZhen,bothforherintellectualguidanceandforherswarmandconstantencouragementduringtheprocessofwritingthisthesis.Withpatienceandprudence,shelaboredthroughdraftsofthisthesisandpointedoutdefectsinmytheorizing.Therefore,Ioweallthemeritsinthisthesis,ifany,toher,thoughIamfullyawarethatthethesismightstillcontainsomemistakes,forwhichIbearthewholeresponsibility,

MycordialandsincerethanksgotoalltheteachersintheDepartmentofEnglish,who’sinterestingandinformativecourseshavebenefitedmealotduringmycollegeyears.TheprofitthatIgainedfromtheirprofoundknowledge,remarkableexpertiseandintellectualingenuitywillbeofeverlastingsignificancetomyfuturelifeandcareer.

Iamalsoverygratefultomyclassmates,whohavegivenmealotofhelpandcourageduringmystayintheUniversityandthroughouttheprocessofwritingthisthesis.

Lastbutnottheleast;

bigthanksgotomyfamilieswhohavesharedwithmemyworries,frustrations,andhopefullymuultimatehappinessineventuallyfinishingthisthesis.

Contents

中文摘要i

Abstractii

Acknowledgementiii

Introduction1

I.AReviewofFactorsInfluencingFoodCultureinChinaandBritain2

A.RegionalFeatureandClimaticEnvironment2

B.MannersandCustoms3

II.MajorDifferencesofFoodCultureBetweenChinaandBritain5

A.TableHabits5

1.DietaryTraditionsinChina5

2.EnglishStyleofEatingHabit7

3.DifferenceBetweenChinaandBritain7

B.EatingEtiquette10

1.HistoryofEatingEtiquette10

2.EmphasizingtheImportanceonFormalDinners13

3.DifferenceBetweenChinaandGreatBritain14

III.SignificanceofComprehendingtheDifference16

A.PromotionofNaturalandSmoothCommunication16

B.AccelerationofHarmoniousnessinBusinessandSociety17

Conclusion18

Notes20

Bibliography21

Introduction

ChinaandEnglandareboththecountrieswithmanynations.Differentnationshavedifferentculture;

eventheybelongtothesamecountry.Therefore,differentcountriesalsohavedifferenttablehabitsandetiquette,anditisshownonthestyleofeatingameal,seatingarrangements,theorderofservingofdishes,drinkingetiquette,andtheriteofhavingameal.Thisthesisonlydistinguishesthetablehabitsandetiquetteinformaloccasionbetweenthetwocountries.Andthenitwillbeprovingthesignificanceandthepurposeofthestudy.

Tablehabitsandetiquetteasaculturalcategoryareaffectedbyregionalfeature,climaticenvironment,religion,history,politics,economics,andsoon,fromdifferentcountries.Thusdifferentareasusuallyhavedifferentetiquette.Atthesametime,ininternationalassociationtablehabitsandetiquettecouldmakeagoodfunctionbetweenChinaandforeigncountriescommunication.Britainistheeconomicpowerfulcountriesintheworld.Inaddition,becausethehigh-speedofreformingandopeningtotheoutsideworldinChina,thetablehabitsandetiquetteconnectamongthesethreecountrieswouldbecomecloserandcloser.“Onconcerningforeignaffairsalthougheatingamealisacommonproblem,itisalsoveryimportant.”1Eatingasoneofasignificantdiplomacyartifice,dietetiquettemakesgoodgraces.Besidesthat,learningtheetiquetteofEnglandcouldhelpEnglishmajorstudyEnglishandEnglishculture,andalsohelppeoplepromotemorenaturalandsmoothcommunicationevenacceleratemoreharmoniousnessbusinessandsociety.

I．AReviewofFactorsInfluencingFoodCultureinChinaandBritain

Everycountryhasitsownuniqueculture,sodoesitsfoodculture.Breadisthestaffoflife,anddietisareflectionofculture.2Thusthedietplaysasignificantroleoftheculture.Affectedbythelocation,climate,culture,andotherfactors,foodandbeverageproductswillpresentthedifferentiationbetweenmaterial,taste,cookingmethodandmealhabits.Itispreciselybecauseofthesedifferencescateringproductswithastrongbreeding.ThenIwilldescribethispointontwoaspects.

A.RegionalFeatureandClimaticEnvironment

Thetablehabitsandetiquettetakesonadiversifiedformattheverystartduetothedifferentiaofregionalfeatureandclimaticenvironment.

China,anocean-continentalcountry,issituatedintheeasternpartofAsia,onthewestcoastofPacificOcean.Withmagnificentplateau,fluctuantnumerousmountainridge,vastplains,surroundinghills,andrangingfromthesizeofthebasin,ChinahasvastandsplendidlandwhichisgoodforthedevelopmentofChineseagriculture.ThespatiotemporaldistributionsofthemeanwinterairtemperatureofisothermallineofJanuarywereanalyzed:

QinlingMountainisawatershed,northoftheQinlingMountainoffrozenriversinwintertothenorth,south,comparedwiththesouth.Andtheaveragetemperatureofthenorthofthedividingline（includingnorth,west-northernlandandQingzangplateau）isbelowzerodegreesCelsius.WhilethetemperatureofthesouthofthewatershedisuponzerodegreesCelsius,therefore,it’scoldinnorth;

Incontrast,it’sprettywarminthesouth.Obviously,thedistinguishingfeatureofwintertemperatureisagreatvariationbetweennorthandsouth.Itisprobablythattherearedifferenttemperaturedistributionpatternsindifferentseasons:

latitudepatterninwinterandlandformpatterninsummer.Therefore,thewholecountryisgenerallyhightemperature,andalittledifferencebetweennorthandsouth,exceptQingzangplateauandotherhighland.Inaccordancewithdistributionofaccumulatedtemperature,chinahasbeendividedintofivetemperaturezoneandaspecialoneQingzangplateauzone.Differenttemperaturezonehasitsdistinctheat,thusthegrowingseasonofplantisofvaryinglength,andcroppingsystemandcropspeciesareofcleardifference.

Oncontrast,GreatBritainisanislandcountryatthenorthlatitudeof50degreewhichislocatedinthewestoftheEuropeonAtlantic.BecauseanimpactofNorthAtlanticStreamandthewestwindmoveallaround,Britainbelongstotemperatezonemaritimeclimate,warminwinterandcoolinsummer.Themaindevelopmentisplantingforageplantsandgrass,andcheeseagriculture.However,thegrainandanimalproductscannotbeself-sufficient,alargenumberofimportssoitscuisinehasbeenimpactedmoreofless.

B.MannersandCustoms

Asthedevelopmentoftheinterculturalcommunication,itisinevitableforustopaymoreattentiontosomedifferenceofeatingcustoms.Weallknowthatchinaisalsofamousforitsdeliciousfoods.Andbecauseofthedifferentcultureandhistory,wecanalsofindthedifferenceoftableware.InthefollowingparagraphIwillintroducethemaindifferencetablewarebetweenChinaandBritain.

ChopsticksplayanimportantroleinChinesefoodculture.Chopsticksarecalled“kuaizi”inChineseandwerecalled“zhu”inancienttimes（seethecharactersabove）.Chinesepeoplehavebeenusingkuaiziasoneofthemaintablewareformorethan3,000years.China.GoldandsilverchopsticksbecamepopularintheTangDynasty（618-907）.Itwasbelievedthatsilverchopstickscoulddetectpoisonsinfood.Chopstickscanbeclassifiedintofivegroupsbasedonthematerialsusedtomakethem.i.e.:

wood,metal,bone,stoneandcompoundchopsticks.3BambooisthemostpopularonesusedinChinesehomes.Thereareafewthingstoavoidwhenusingchopsticks.Chinesepeopleusuallydon’tbeattheirbowlswhileeating,sincethebehaviorusedtobepracticedbybeggars.Alsodon’t