客观自测.docx

客观自测.docx

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客观自测

练习一

I.Directions:

Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.（2%X10=20%）

1.Modernlinguisticsdiffersfromtraditionalgrammarforitismostly_________.

A.prescriptive  B.descriptive  C.subjective  D.Latin-based

2.Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas________.

A.abnormal   B.somethingtobefeared      C.natural      D.unnatural

3.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedconsonant?

A.[d]   B.[t]   C.[p]   D.[t]

4.Thereare___________morphemesintheword“disabled”

A.one   B.two   C.three   D.four

5.InEnglish,“dis-“iscalled________

A.afreemorpheme   B.asuffix     C.aninfix            D.aprefix

6.BlackEnglishisprobablythemostwidespreadandmostfamiliar____varietyoftheEnglishlanguage.

A.regional      B.ethnic       C.social         D.lowerclass

7.Thepairofwords“alive”and“dead”are_____________.

A.gradableantonyms         B.complementaryantonyms

C.relationalopposites         D.co-hyponyms

8.____belong（s）totheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily.

A.English   B.German     C.French   D.Allofthem

9.Thesentence“Kidslikeapples”isa___________.

A.two-placepredication       B.three-placepredication

C.no-placepredication         D.one-placepredication

10.Whatistheconstructionofthesentence:

“Thebabysmiled”?

A.subordinate      B.coordinate      C.exocentric      D.endocentric

II.Directions:

Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.（1%X10=10%）

11.Languageisasystemofa____________vocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.

12.Thelinguisticstudyofmeaninginthecontextofuseiscalledp____________.

13.Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisad___________study.

14.AccordingtotheSwisslinguistF.deSaussure,p___________referstotherealizationoflanguageinactualuse.

15.Thethreebranchesofphoneticsarelabelleda____________phonetics,auditoryphoneticsandacousticphoneticsrespectively.

16.M___________isthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.

17.S___________isasubfieldoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesentencestructureoflanguage.

18.Theterma________isusedforoppositenessofmeaning.

19.S________isthesubdisciplineoflinguisticsthatstudieslanguageinsocialcontexts.

20.Variationinlanguageuseassociatedwiththesexofindividualspeakersiscalledg__________varieties.

III.Directions:

Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（2%X10=20%）

21.Competenceandperformancemean,toN.Chomsky,muchthesamething.

22.Thebasicdifferencebetweenavowelandaconsonantisthatinthepronunciationoftheformeritischaracterizedbytheabsenceofobstructionoftheairstreamanditdoesnothaveaplaceofarticulationinthesamesenseasaconsonant.

23.InEnglish,nouns,verbs,prepositionsandadverbsareopenclassessincewecanregularlyaddnewwordstotheseclasses.

24.Sentencesarestringsofwordsputtogetherinarandomorder.

25.Senseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.Theyaretworelatedbutdifferentaspectsofmeaning.

26.“Itisraininghard”isaone-placepredicationsentence.

27.Idiolectisthestylisticvariationinaperson’sspeech,orwriting,usuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualorcolloquialtoformalorpolite.

28.Bilingualismdescribesasituationinwhichtwoverydifferentvarietiesoflanguageco-existinaspeechcommunity,eachwithadistinctrangeofsocialfunctionandappropriateforcertainsituations.

29.Commissive,atypeofillocutionaryspeechactsbySearle,meansbringingaboutimmediatechangesbysayingsomething.

30.Utterancemeaningisbasedonsentencemeaning;theformerisconcreteandcontext-dependentandthelatterisabstractandde-contextualized.

练习二

I.Directions:

Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.（2%X10=20%）

1.F.deSaussureisa（n）_________linguist.

A.American   B.Swiss    C.British   D.Russian

2.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedbilabialstop

A.[p]   B.[m]   C.[b]   D.[t]

3.Ofthe“words”listedbelow,__________isnotanEnglishword.

A.[spin]   B.[lkbi]    C.[strikt]   D.[desk]

4.Theaffixeswhichmanifestvariousgrammaticalrelationsorgrammaticalcategoriessuchas“-ing,-est”arecalled__________.

A.derivationalaffixes   B.freemorphemes    C.inflectionalaffixes   D.roots

5.Thesentencecontainingtwoclausesjoinedbyalinkingwordiscalleda____________sentence.

A.coordinate      B.simple     C.subordinate   D.embedded

6.“Wordsarenamesorlabelsforthings.”Thisviewiscalled_________insemantictheory.

A.mentalism         B.contextualism     C.conceptualism   D.namingtheory

7.Thesemanticrelationshipbetweenflowerandroseis_______.

A.hyponyms      B.hyponymy     C.co-hyponyms   D.superordinate

8.Thewordssuchashandbookandhighwayare___________.

A.formedbyblending   B.coinedbyback-formation

C.compoundwords      D.derivations

9.X-bartheoryis__________________.

A.highlyspecificandconcrete,thereforeonlyusefultosolveconcreteproblems

B.capableofreducingtheredundanciesofindividualphrasalstructurerules

C.sohighlyabstractthatitcanexplainallthepropertiesofallphrasalcategories

D.inefficientincopingwiththelanguagestructuresotherthanthoseofEnglish

10.Thewords“railway”and“railroad”are__________.

A.synonymsdifferinginemotivemeaning

B.synonymsdifferinginstyles

C.dialectalsynonyms

D.synonymsdifferinginregister

II.Directions:

Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.（1%X10=10%）

11.Apersonwhostudieslinguisticsiscalledal____________.

12.M_________isthelinguisticstudyofhowmorphemesarecombinedtoformwords.

13.Inmodernlinguistics,s__________isconsideredprimaryoverwriting.

14.Therearetwowaystoclassifyconsonants:

byplaceofarticulationandbym___________ofarticulation.

15.S_________isthelinguisticstudyofmeaninginabstraction.

16.H___________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.

17.Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetotheworkingsofthemindiscalledp________.

18.Vowelscanbeclassifiedbythepositionofthetongue,opennessofthemouthandl_________ofthesound.

19.ThenotionoflinguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativismiscalledtheS_________hypothesis.

20.Ane___________isamild,indirectorlessoffensivewordorexpressionsubstitutedwhenthespeakerorwriterfearsmoredirectwordingmightbeharshorunpleasant.

III.Directions:

Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（2%X10=20%）

21.Englishlanguageisatonelanguage.

22.Alinguistictabooreferstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythepolitesocietyfromgeneralusesuchasobscene,profaneandswearwords.

23.Chineseisthoughttobethefirstlanguagebymostlinguists.

24.Phonologyisabranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthesentencepatternsofalanguage.

25.Idiolectisapersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombinesaspectsofalltheelementsregardingregional,socialandstylisticvariation.

26.ItisgenerallyacceptedthatthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguageisdividedintotheperiodsofoldEnglishandmodernEnglish.

27.AlocutionaryactofSpeechActTheoryistheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething.

28.Accordingtopredicationanalysis,inthesentence“Themanbeatthedog.”,theword“beat”iscalledpredicate,andthewords“man”and“dog”arecalledarguments.

29.[f]isadentalconsonant.

30.Thetranscriptionofspeechsoundswithletter-symbolstogetherwiththediacriticsiscalledbroadtranscription

练习三

I.Directions:

Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.（2%X10=20%）

1.Thestudyoflanguagedevelopmentatsomepointintimeisgenerallytermedas___________linguistics.

A.comparative   B.applied    C.synchronic   D.diachronic

2.N.Chomskyisafamous_____________linguist.

A.American    B.British     C.Greek         D.Swiss

3.Inthefollowingsounds___________isavoicelessconsonant..

A.[d]   B.[g]   C.[t]   D.[b]

4.InEnglish,“pill”and“bill”are___________.

A.aphonemiccontrast   B.complementarydistribution

C.assimilation            Daminimalpair

5.Theword“unhappiness”has____________morpheme（s）

A.one   B.two   C.three   D.four

6.InEnglishthelettercombination“care”intheword“carelessness”iscalled___________.

A.suffix      B.prefix      C.infix   D.