最全最好状语从句导学案Word文档格式.doc
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时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的从属连词有:
when,as,while,until,not…until,before,after,since,the
minute,themoment,theinstant,thewhile,each(every,next,thefirst)time等。
时间状语
从句
中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。
when,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
when
Eg:
WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.
注意点:
when从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be动词时,从句主语和be可以省略。
When(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.
as
As除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”
Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面)
Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(随着)
While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,
从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.
While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.
while有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。
eg:
Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.
while然而(用于句中):
HelikespopmusicwhileIamfondoffolkmusic.
虽然,尽管(用于句首)Whilevolleyballishermainfocus,she’salsogreatatbasketball.
当…时候;
随着HesmiledpolitelyasMaryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.
before在…之前,….才Wehadsailedfourdaysbeforewesawland.
还没来得及BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.
Itwas+时间段+beforesbdidsth…(…过了多久就)
Itwillbe+时间段+beforesbdoessth(…要过多久才)
Itwastwoweeksbeforewemetagain.两周之后我们才见面。
Itwillbetwoweeksbeforewemeetagain.我们再过两个周才能见面。
Itis/hasbeen+段时间+sincesbdidsth…(自从…以来多长时间)
Itis/hasbeen10yearssincewesaidgoodbye.我们分别已经十年了。
Itis/hasbeen10yearssinceIlivedinLondon.我不住在伦敦已经十年了。
until,not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;
在否定句中主句常
用短暂性动词。
肯定句:
Iwaiteduntilmidnight.
否定句:
Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.
1)notuntil…在句首,主句用倒装
NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.
2)Itisnotuntil…that…引导的强调句
Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.
3.assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,thewhile,
nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when,once
都可表示“一```就```”
Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.
theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time作连词不和when连用。
4.since自从…Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactorysincesheleftschool.
既然SinceBabaraisnolongermywife,I’mnolongerresponsibleforherdebts.
既然芭芭拉不再是我的妻子,我也不用再负责她的债务了。
5.Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”
Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.
ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.
Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首,主句用倒装
HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.
【重难点自我检测突破】when,while和as
1,when,观察下面例句,总结其用法:
WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.
Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.
总结:
从句表示的动作_________________________________,主句和从句的先后关系
_______________________________________________________________________。
在下列句子中,when的含义是:
_____________,做为并列连词。
Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.
Wewereabouttosetoffonourwaywhenitsuddenlybegantorain
Shewasonthepointofgoingtoshopwhenthetelephonerang..
HardlyhadIarrivedwhenthetrainleft.
Hehadjustfinishedhishomeworkwhensomeoneaskedhimtoplaybasketball.
_________________________________:
_____________________________
____________________________________;
_______________________________
__________________________________________________________________
观察下列句子中when的含义:
Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.
Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyouhavegotsuchagoodone?
when表示条件,意思接近“在…...情况下”
whenever:
IgotothetheaterwheneverIgetthechance.(每当,每次)
Comeandseemewheneveryouwantto.(在任何时候)
2,while,观察例句并总结用法:
Wewerelistening/listenedtotheradiowhilehewasreadingnewspaper.
Iliketeawhilehelikecoffee.
Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.
while引导的从句谓语动词必须是_______________________,常用___________时。
作为并列连词,表示_________________,翻译成_____________;
语气比but________。
把while的含义写在后面括号内:
Whilewedidn’tagree,wecontinuetobegoodfriends.()
Whiletheyaremyneighbors,Idon’tknowthemwell.()
Whilethereislife,thereishope.()
Striketheironwhileitishot.()
while除了引导时间状语从句外,还可以引导_________________________________。
3.as引导时间状语从句:
Astimegoeson,it’sgettingwarmerandwarmer.
Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.
从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生,可译为________或者________________。
温馨提示:
当主句表示的是短暂的动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示一段时间内正在进行的动作时,when,while,as可互换使用。
When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.
题组训练用while,when,as填空:
①________Iwaswalkingdownthestreet,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofthestore.
②_________Johnarrived,Iwascookinglunch.
③________hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.
④Howcanhegetgoodgrades_______hewon’tstudy?
⑤Iwaswanderingthroughthestreet__________Icaughtsightofatailor’sshop.
⑥______thegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.
㈡assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosooner…than…,hardly(scarecely,barely)…when…
这些从属连词引导的从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生,常译为_____________________.
ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewfatherwascoming.
Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.
Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.
注意:
在nosooner…than…;
hardly/scarcely/barely…when结构中,主句用_____________,从句使用__________________时态。
此外,当把nosooner或hardly等提到句首时,应用_______________语序。
Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.
=Hardly________________________________________________________.
Ihadnosoonercomehomethanitbegantorain.
=Nosooner____________________________________________________.
题组训练英译汉:
Theyphonedimmediatelytheyreachedhome.
____________________________________________________________________
TheyearmybrotherjoinedthearmyIgraduatedfromthehighschool.
______________________________________________________________________
Ihadwaitedfor3hoursbythetimethetrainarrived.(注意主句时态:
)
________________________________________________________________________
EverytimeIseeher,sheisalwaysbusy.
Iwanttoseeherthemomentshearrives.
_________________________________________________________
表示时间的名词或名词短语也可以引起时间状语从句,如:
_______________________________________.
㈢tilluntil和not…until
Heremainedthereuntilshearrived.
Youmaystayhereuntiltherainstops.
Hewon’tgotobeduntilshereturns.
UntilyoutoldmeIhavenoideaofit.
ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.
NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.
观察以上各句,找出用法。
主句谓语动词必须是_________________,意为某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止。
否定句:
主句谓语动词必须是_________________,意为某动作直到某时间才开始。
_____________可以用于句首,而__________不可以。
在强调句型中notuntil两词在一起不分开;
句首时,_________要倒装。
题组训练句型转换
Ididn’tleaveuntilshecameback..
______________shecameback_____________leave.
_____________notuntilshecameback________I________.
㈣before,after和since
1.before,在…之前:
翻译下面的句子:
Lookbeforeyouleap.___________________________________________
Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.______________________________________
把下列各句中的before的含义写在后面:
Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.()
Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.()
Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.()
BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme()
before构成的固定句型,看例句总结:
Itwillbeayearbeforeyouleaveschool.
ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleepagain.
Itwillbe+_________before(谓语动词用_____________________)
Itwas+____________before(谓语动词用____________________)
2.since:
IhavewrittenhomefourtimessinceIcamehere.
Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactorysinceheleftschool.
Ihaveseenhertwicesincehelivedhere.
since从句的谓语动词一般是___________动词,主句的谓语动词是延续性或者反复发生的动作。
主句时态为_______________,从句时态为_________________。
从句动词若是延续性动词,则表示_______________________。
概括since构成的句型,:
Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout
ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar.
ItwasyearssinceIhadseenher.
____________________________________________________________________________把以上句子翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
在“Itis+一段时间+since从句”句型中,时间的计算一律从从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。
3.after在……之后
Iwilltellthemafteryouleave(youhaveleft).
Itoldthemafteryouleft/hadleft.
你能发现after之后的时态吗?
_______________________________________________________
二:
地点状语和原因状语从句
地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有:
where,wherever以及where构成的复合词等
Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit.
WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.
IhappenedtoseeyourdictionaryliewhereIuseditlasttime.(地点状语从句)
IhappenedtoseeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuseditlasttime.(定语从句)
【重难点自我检测突破】
1地点状语
引