短文改错专练Word文档格式.docx
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2）Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.
（visiting改为visited错误类型属于②）
3）Therewillanimportantgamenextmonth.（will后加be错误类型属于④）
4）Oneeveningshetoldmethatsomethinghappenedwhenherparentswasout.（③主谓不一致）
2.名词的常见错误
单复数名词错用；
注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；
或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。
①I’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.（subject改为subjects）
②Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.（word改为words）
③Withoutenoughknowledges,youcanneverteachwell.（knowledges改为knowledge）
3.连词错误
连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等
（一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether）
①Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.（错用了who的所有格形式改为whose）
②Iteachthem,playwiththem,butwatchthemgrowingup.（此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为and）
③Cleverassheis,butsheworksveryhard.
④WhenIwasachild,rainwasamystery.Inoneclass,Ilearneditrained.
4.冠词错误
误用a和an（根据单词的因素来判定）；
误用a和the（固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方）
多余的冠词或则少冠词。
①Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.（a改为thethesame是固定搭配）
②Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofpants.（mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加a）
③Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydairy.
④Ihopeyouhavepleasantjourney.
5.形容词和副词错误
1）系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel）
2）词性的误用形容词修饰名词修饰实义动词，形容词和副词，过去分词用副词
①I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.（time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰）
②Mypronunciationwasterribly.
6.代词错误
1）代词的主格和宾格（I/me;
He/him;
She/her;
We/us;
They/them）
2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）
3）代词的单数和复数
4）多余的代词和少代词
①SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.（expressoneself,me改为myself）
②OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.（加it）
③Ifanyoneofushadanydifficultyinourlifeandstudy,theotherwouldhelphimout.
④What’smore,youhavetobefriendswithyourpupilsandtakegoodcareofhim.
7.非谓语动词的常见错误
1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。
2）and连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），
3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。
4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
①SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwas….（enjoy后需接动名词talk--talking）
②Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.（作主语改为going）
③Childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.
④Iparticularlyenjoyeddrivingthroughthecountrysidewithyouandsawthechangingcolorsoftheleavesonthetrees.
8.介词错误
1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用
①Therearetoomanypeopleamongmyfamily.（among改为ininmyfamily为固定搭配）
②IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.（去掉at）
9．习惯用法要记住
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。
这也是历年高考常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：
多词、少词和搭配错误。
例如：
Itwasverykindforthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationand…of
Wemustkeepinmindthatweplayfortheteaminstead∧ourselves.of
10．逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。
如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。
TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.their
First,letmetellyousomethingmoreaboutmyself.去掉more
…nowayofsettingthematterexceptbysellingtheset.Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.everyone
除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：
连词but,and,or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。
Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.and
Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.or
Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.the
短文改错解题思路和检查原则
1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；
（句子结构与句子成分）
2）谓语动词的时态、语态；
3）非谓语动词的用法；
4）名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；
5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；
6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误；
7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；
8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
短文改错解题四原则
1）改动以最少为原则2）虚词以添加或删除为原则3）实词以改变词形为原则
4）以保持句子原意为原则
短文改错解题步骤
1）通读全文，掌握大意2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反复通读，复查验证
短文改错专练一
A
WhenIwasyoung,Ididn’tknowwhatfriendship.WhenIstayedwithmyfriends,a
warmfeelingcameoutofthebottomfrommyheart.NowIhavegrownupandgotmanyfriend.AndIhavebeentastedthepleasantfeelingoffriendship.WhenIamhappy,theyarealsohappyandsharedthehappinesswithme.WhenImakeprogress,theywillbeveryexciting.Instead,whenIaminadifficultsituation,theywillofferhelptome.Sofriendshipisneveranone-wayticket.Ifwewanttogetit,wemusttreatothersgoodatfirst.Weshouldalwaysbereadytohelpothers,especiallythattheyareindifficultsituations.
B
Friendshipisveryimportance.Everyoneneedsfriendship.Inallourliveswecan’tlivewithoutfriendshipjustaswecan’tlivewithoutairandwater.Friendshipmakesusgettingonwellwithoneanothertogoaheadunderdifferentkindofdifficultiesinthefrontofus.Butrealfriendshipisnoeasytocomeby.Truefriendshipmustbesincerelyandbebasedonunderstandeachotherbutnotonbenefitsofeachother.Agoodfriendcanalwaysbeagoodteachertous.Byhisadviceswearepersuadingtogotherightway.Therefore,morefriendswehave,thebetterwecanimproveourselves.
C
IamgladtorecommendmyfriendLiMingtoyou.LiMingwasborninJuly15,1974inBeijing.HegraduatedfromXisiPrimarySchoolin1986.Whenhewasinthemiddleschool,hedidgoodinmaths,physicsandchemistryandfondofart.AftergraduatingfromNo.4HighSchool,heenteredBeijingUniversitystudyphysics.Afterfouryearofhardworkthere,hewenttotheUnitedStatesforfurtherstudy.Becauseofhisexcellentwork,hegetadoctor’sdegreeinphysicsinlastyear.Heisnowingoodhealthybutwouldliketomakecontributionstoourcountry.Iwillbemostgratefullyifyouconsidermyrecommendation.Lookingforwardtoreceiveyourearlyreply!
D
Lastweekend,wewentmountain-climbing.Eventheheavyraininthemorningcouldnotpreventusgo.Settingoffveryearly,wewentalonganextremenarrowroad,allinhighspirites.Oneverysideoftheroadweregreenfieldsandsomefarmhouse.Wecouldhearthesoundoftherainandourfootstepsmixingwithourlaughter.Atnoonwereachedtopofthemountain.Thatsurprisedusmostwasthebeautyofthescenesthere.Afterhavingashortrestandsharingwiththefoodwehadbrought,westartedgoingdown.Itrainedevenharder.Wearewettotheskin,andwestillsangandlaughedhappily.
E
Lastweek,Imetastrangerwhoseemedtobelosing.Iofferedtoguidehimtoaplacehewantedtogoto,buttomysurprise,herefusedmyoffertohelping.Iaskedhimwhynot.HetoldmethathewasafraidIwouldaskhimmoneyifIhelpedhiminthisway.ThenIfellintodeepthoughts:
wasitmoneywhichcamebetweenus?
Iagreethatmoneyisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinoursociety,anditshouldnotbeeverything.Weshouldtrymybesttohelpothersandtrusteachother.Ifeveryonedoesthis,oursocietywillbebetterandbetter.
短文改错专练一答案
1friendship---friendshipwas2from-----of3friend----friends4been去掉5shared-----share6exciting----excited7an----a8good-----well9at去掉10that----when
1importance---important2and----or3getting----get4kind----kinds5thefrontof----frontof6no----not7understand-----understanding8advices----advice
9persuading----persuaded10more----themore
1themiddleschool---middleschool2good-----well3fond----wasfond4study----studying5year---years6get---got7inlastyear----lastyear8healthy-----health9but----and
10gratefully----grateful
1go-----going2extreme----extremely3were----was4house----houses5mixing----mixed6top----thetop7That----What8with去掉9are---were10and---but
1losing---lost2a-----the3goto----to4helping----help5whynot----why6money-----formoney7which----that8and----but9my----our10this---it
5
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