英语专业八级考试真题听力Word文档下载推荐.docx
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C.distinct
D.social
3.Themaindifferencebetweenpersonalandnon-personalsettingsisin____.
A.themanneroflanguageuse
B.thetopicandcontentofspeech
C.theinteractionsbetweenspeakerandaudience
D.therelationshipbetweenspeakerandaudience
4.Infictionalsettings,speakers____.
A.hidetheirrealintentions
B.voiceothers'
intentions
C.playdoublerolesonandoffstage
D.onlyimitateotherpeopleinlife
5.Comparedwithothertypesofsettings,themainfeatureofprivatesettingis____.
A.theabsenceofspontaneity
B.thepresenceofindividualactions
C.thelackofrealintentions
D.theabsenceofaudience
SECTIONBINTERVIEW
Questions6to10arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven75secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.
6.WhatwaseducationlikeinProfessorWang'
sdays?
A.Studentsworkedveryhard.
B.Studentsfelttheyneededaseconddegree.
C.Educationwasnotcareer－oriented.
D.Thereweremanyspecializedsubjects.
7.AccordingtoProfessorWang,whatisthepurposeofthepresent－dayeducation?
A.Toturnoutanadequatenumberofeliteforthesociety.
B.Topreparestudentsfortheirfuturecareer.
C.Toofferpracticalandutilitariancoursesineachprogramme.
D.Tosetupasmanytechnicalinstitutionsaspossible.
8.InProfessorWang'
sopinion,technicalskills____.
A.requiregoodeducation
B.aresecondarytoeducation
C.don'
tcallforgoodeducation
D.don'
tconflictwitheducation
9.WhatdoesProfessorWangsuggesttocopewiththesituationcausedbyincreasingnumbersoffee-payingstudents
A.Shiftingfromoneprogrammetoanother.
B.Workingoutwaystoreducestudentnumber.
C.Emphasizingbetterqualityofeducation.
D.Settingupstricterexaminationstandards.
10.FutureeducationneedstoproducegraduatesofallthefollowingcategoriesEXCEPT____.
A.thosewhocanadapttodifferentprofessions
B.thosewhohaveahighflexibilityofmind
C.thosewhoarethinkers,historiansandphilosophers
D.thosewhopossessonlyhighlyspecializedskills
SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST
Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven45secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.
11.Whichofthefollowingregionsintheworldwillwitnessthesharpestdropinlifeexpectancy?
A.LatinAmerica.
B.SubSaharanAfrica.
C.Asia.
D.TheCaribbean.
12.Accordingtothenews,whichcountrywillexperiencesmalllifeexpectancydrop?
A.Burma.
B.Botswana.
C.Cambodia.
D.Thailand.
13.Thecountriesthatarepredictedtoexperiencenegativepopulationgrowtharemainlyin____.
A.Asia.
B.Africa.
C.LatinAmerica.
Questions14and15arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven30secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.
14.ThetradedisputebetweentheEuropeanUnionandtheUSwascausedby____.
A.USrefusaltoacceptarbitrationbyWTO
B.USimposingtariffsonEuropeansteel
C.USrefusaltopaycompensationtoEU
D.USrefusaltolowerimportdutiesonEUproducts
15.WhowillbeconsultedfirstbeforetheEUlistissubmittedtoWTO?
A.EUmemberstates.
B.TheUnitedStates.
C.WTO.
D.Thesteelcorporations.
SECTIONDNOTE-TAKINGANDGAP-FILLING
Inthissectionyouwillhearamini-lectureONCEONLY.Whilelisteningtothelecture,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompletea15-minutegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONEafterthemini-lecture.Usetheblankpaperfornote-taking.Fillineachofthegapswithoneword.Youmayrefertoyournotes.Makesurethewordyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.
ConversationSkills
Peoplewhousuallymakeusfeelcomfortableinconversationsaregoodtalkers.Andtheyhavesomethingincommon,i.e.skillstoputpeopleatease.
1.Skilltoaskquestion
1）beawareofthehumannature:
readinesstoanswerother'
squestionsregardlessof
（1）____
2）startaconversationwithsomepersonalbutunharmfulquestionsaboutone'
s
（2）____job.
questionsaboutone'
sactivitiesinthe（3）____
3）beabletospotsignalsforfurthertalk
2.Skillto（4）____foranswers
1）don'
tshiftfromsubjecttosubject-stickingtothesamesubject:
signsof（5）____inconversation.
2）listento（6）____ofvoice-Ifpeoplesoundunenthusiastic,thenchangesubject.
3）useeyesandears-steadyyourgazewhilelistening
3.Skilltolaugh
Effectsoflaughter:
-easepeople'
s（7）____
-helpstart（8）____
4.Skilltopart
1）importance:
openuppossibilitiesforfuturefriendshiporcontact
2）ways:
-men:
asmile,a（9）____
-women:
sameas（10）____now
-howtoexpresspleasureinmeetingsomeone.
（1）______
（2）______（3）______（4）______（5）______
（6）______（7）______（8）______（9）______（10）______
听力原文
PARTⅠLISTENINGCOMPREHENSION
SECTIONATALK
Languageisusedfordoingthings.Peopleuseitineverydayconversationfortransactingbusiness,planningmealsandvacations,debatingpolitics,andgossiping.Teachersuseitforinstructingstudents,andcomediansuseitforamusingaudiences.Alltheseareinstancesoflanguageuse-thatisactivitiesinwhichpeopledothingswithlanguage.Aswecansee,languageuseisreallyaformofjointaction.
Whatisjointaction?
Ithinkitisanactionthatiscarriedoutbyagroupofpeopledoingthingsincoordinationwitheachother.Assimpleexamples,thinkoftwopeoplewaltzing,orplayingapianoduet.Whentwodancerswaltz,theyeachmovearoundtheballroominaspecialway.Butwaltzingisdifferentfromthesumoftheirindividualactions.Canyouimaginethesetwodancersdoingthesamesteps,butinseparaterooms,oratseparatetimes?
Sowaltzingis,infact,thejointactionthatemergesasthetwodancersdotheirindividualstepsincoordination,asacouple.
Similarly,doingthingswithlanguageisalsodifferentfromthesumofthespeakerspeakingandthelistenerlistening.Itisthejointactionthatemergeswhenspeakersandlisteners,orwritersandreaders,performtheirindividualactionsincoordination,asensembles.Therefore,wecansaythatlanguageuseincorporatesbothindividualandsocialprocesses.Speakersandlisteners,writersandreaders,mustcarryoutactionsasindividuals,iftheyaretosucceedintheiruseoflanguage.ButtheymustalsoworktogetherasparticipantsinthesocialunitsIhavecalledensembles.IntheexampleImentionedjustnow,thetwodancersperformbothindividualactions,movingtheirbodies,arms,andlegs,andjointactions,coordinatingthesemovements,astheycreatethewaltz.Inthepast,languageusehasbeenstudiedasifitwereentirelyanindividualprocess.Andithasalsobeenstudiedasifitwereentirelyasocialprocess.Forme,Isuggestthatitbelongstoboth.Wecannothopetounderstandlanguageusewithoutviewingitasjointactionsbuiltonindividualactions.Inordertoexplainhowalltheseactionswork,I'
dliketoreviewbrieflysettingsoflanguageuse.Bysettings,Imeanthesceneinwhichlanguageusetakesplace,plusthemedium-whichreferstowhetherlanguageuseisspokenorwritten.Andinthistalk,I'
llfocusonspokensettings.
Thespokensettingmentionedmostoftenisconversation-eitherfacetoface,oronthetelephone.Conversationsmaybedevotedtogossip,businesstransactionsorscientificmatters,butthey'
reallcharacterizedbythefreeexchangeoftermsamongthetwoparticipants.I'
llcallthesepersonalsettings.ThenwehavewhatIwouldcallnonpersonalsettings.Atypicalexampleisthemonologue.Inmonologues,onepersonspeakswithlittleornoopportunityforinterruption,orturnsbymembersoftheaudience.Monologuescomeinmanyvarietiestoo,asaprofessorlecturestoaclass,orastudentgivingapresentationtoaseminar.Thesepeoplespeakforthemselves,utteringwordstheyformulatedthemselvesfortheaudiencebeforethem,andtheaudienceisn'
texpectedtointerrupt.Inanotherkindofsettingwhicharecalledinstitutionalsettings,theparticipantsengageinspeechexchangesthatlooklikeordinaryconversation,buttheyarelimitedbyinstitutionalrules.Asexamples,wecanthinkofagovernmentofficialholdinganewsconference,alawyercrossquestioningawitnessincourt,oraprofessordirectingaseminardiscussion.Inthesesettings,whatissaidismoreorlessspontaneous,eventhoughturnsatspeakingareallocatedbyaleader,orarerestrictedinotherways.
Thepersonspeakingisn'
talwaystheonewhoseintentionsarebeingexpressed.Wehavetheclearestexamplesinfictionalsettings.VivianLeighplaysScarlettO'
Harain"
GonewiththeWind"
FrankSinatrasingsalovesonginfrontofaliveaudience,thespeakersareeachvocalizingwordscomposedbysomeoneelse-forinstanceaplaywrightoracomposer-andareopenlypretendingtobeexpressingopinions
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