初高中英语衔接课程讲义第七章 复合句宾语从句状语从句定语从句Word文档格式.docx

初高中英语衔接课程讲义第七章 复合句宾语从句状语从句定语从句Word文档格式.docx

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Ihear（that）physicsisn’teasy.

Ithink（that）youwilllikethisschoolsoon.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?

Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.

三.宾语从句的时态

1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。

Idon’tthink（that）youareright.

Pleasetelluswhereheis.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。

Heaskedwhattimeitwas.

Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.

HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。

OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.

【演练】

1.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?

A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdo

C.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid

2.Iwanttoknow_________.

A.whatishisnameB.what’shisname

C.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis

3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?

A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which

4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.

A.whichisthewaytothemuseum

B.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping

C.whatisthewaytothemuseum

D.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping

5.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?

A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which

6.Mr.Kingdidn’tknow_______yesterdayevening.

A.whendoeshissoncomehome

B.whenhissoncomeshome

C.whendidhissoncomehome

D.whenhissoncamehome

7.Couldyoutellme_______thebikethismorning?

A.howdoeshemendB.howhemends

C.howhemendedD.howdidhemend

8.---I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?

---Usuallyitcomesby4:

00.

A.howB.whereC.whenD.what

9.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________?

---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.

A.howwecangettothepostoffice

B.howcanwegettothepostoffice

C.howgettothepostoffice

D.howcouldwegettothepostoffice

10.---CanIhelpyou?

---Yes.I’dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme______taketogetthere?

A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwill

C.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit

11.Hewantedtoknow___________.

A.whetherhespeaksatthemeeting

B.whenthemeetingwouldstart

C.whathe’sgoingtodoatthemeeting

D.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld

12.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?

---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.

A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisit

C.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisit

13.Wouldyoupleasetellme_________next,MrWang?

A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhat

C.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat

14.Youcan’timagine_________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.

A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited

15.Iwanttoknow________youwillcomebackat8:

00tomorrow.

A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whether

16.---Couldyoutellme____________?

---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.

A.whatdoeshesayatthemeeting

B.whatdidhesayatthemeeting

C.whathesaysatthemeeting

D.whathesaidatthemeeting

17.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?

---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.

A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoing

C.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing

18.Theteacheraskedthestudents__________.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs

B.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers

D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted

19.Everymorningthepatientsareaskedif________theirtemperaturetaken.

A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhad

C.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhad

20.It’suptoyoutodecide_______you’llgothere,byairorbyroad.

A.howB.whyC.thatD.when

【练习答案】

1.C2.D3.B4.B5.C6.D7.C8.C9.A10.C11.B12.B13.C14.B15.D16.D17.A18.A19.C20.A

状语从句的考点集汇，讲解和训练

【名师点睛】

用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。

根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。

1.时间状语从句

（1）时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。

Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.

Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.

Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.

HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.

Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.

（2）在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。

I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.

Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.

Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.

（3）在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。

如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。

Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.

Let’swaituntiltherainstops.

Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.

Don’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.

2.条件状语从句

（1）条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。

Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?

Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.

（2）在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。

I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.

Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.

（3）“祈使句+and（or）+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。

Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.

=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.

Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.

=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.

3.原因状语从句

（1）原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。

Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.

Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.

Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.

（2）because表示直接原因，语气最强。

Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。

回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。

As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。

由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。

------Whyaren’tgoingthere?

------BecauseIdon’twantto.

Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.

Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.

（3）because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

4.结果状语从句

（1）结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。

Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.

Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.

Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.

（2）so…that语such...that可以互换。

在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。

其结构是:

“...so+形容词（副词）+that+从句”。

Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.

Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.

Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.

在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；

名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。

如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。

Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.

Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.

Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.

有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。

Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.

=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.

Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.

=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.

（3）如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时，只能用so,不用such。

Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.

Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.

5.比较状语从句

比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。

TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.

Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.

6.目的状语从句

（1）目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导。

Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.

Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.

Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.

（2）sothat既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。

区别这两种从句的办法有两个：

1）目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。

2）从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。

Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.（目的状语从句）

Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.（结果状语从句）

7.让步状语从句

（1）让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。

Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.

AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.

（2）although（though）不能用在同一个句子中。

我们不能说：

Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.

应该说：

Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.

8.地点状语从句

地点状语从句常常由where来引导。

Gowhereyoulike.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

一.单项填空

1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.

A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So

2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?

---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.

A.comes;

isB.comes;

willbeC.willcome;

isD.willcome;

willbe

3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.

A.willfall;

tohelpB.falls;

tohelp

C.willfall;

helpD.falls;

helping

4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.

A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who

5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.

A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming

6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.

A.not;

beforeB.don’t;

whenC.notto;

untilD.not;

after

7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.

A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because

8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorro