情态动词的用法及练习附答案Word格式文档下载.docx

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情态动词的用法及练习附答案Word格式文档下载.docx

“能力=can,但比can的时态

ShewillbeabletoteachEnglish.(一般将来时)

to

更具多样性。

can无法表达的

Shewasabletotalkwhenshewas2yearsold.(一般过去时)

时态,用beableto表达。

Iwouldlovetobeabletoplaythepiano.(动词不定式)

may

①“请求、允许”(比较礼貌)

MayIcomein?

②“将来的可能性”(50%)

Itmayraintomorrow.

③may在更多的时态中经常

用beallowedto来代替

might

“较小的可能性”(<30%)

ImightmovetoCanadasomeday.

must

1“必须'

(责任、义务)

2“可能性”(撞测00%)

3“禁止”(否定式

Everyonemustpaytaxes.

Shedidn'

tarrive.Shemustbesick.

Youmustn'

tlaywithfire.It'

sdangerous.

haveto

1“必须、不得不”(客观上不得不做)

2多种时态里面代替“must'

因must只有一般现在,但haveto可以有多种时态。

3“不必”(don'

thaveto)

Ihavetobebackat10o'

clock.

Shehadtoseedoctor.(一般过去时)

You'

llhavetoworkhardifyouwantto••-.(一般将来时)

She'

shadtoreturntoKoreaatshortnotice.(现在完成时)

Youdon'

thavetoworkthisevening.Icandothetasksforyou.

need

1need作为实义动词时,need

to=haveto

2need作为情态动词时,用在否定句和疑问句中。

Youneedtoappealtoahighercourt.(实义动词)

Dotheyneedtoknow?

(实义动词)

Heneedn'

tknowaboutit.

NeedIsaymore?

should

1“应该、建议”

2“合理的可能性”

3“不确定的预测”

Youshouldgotothedoctor.

Heshouldbefine.

Profitsshouldincreasenextyear.

oughtto

“应该、建议”=should但

oughtto没有否定形式

Yououghttodrivemorecarefully.

shall

1“法定义务上的必须”

2“提议、建议”

3英国英语,一般将来时助动

词=will

Thedefendantshallpayafineof$200.

Shallwebegin?

ShallIhelpyouwithyourluggage?

Ishallgoshoppingtomorrow.

will

1“自愿性的行为”

2“承诺”

3“预测”

Iwillmakedinner.

Iwillcallyouat4pm.

Thesummerwillbeveryhot.

would

1will的过去式

2“请求允许”

3“礼貌性邀请”

4“预测”

Hesaidhewouldcome.

WouldyoumindifIbroughtacolleaguewithme?

Wouldyouliketojoinmeforlunch?

Iwouldbesurprisedifheisnotelected

usedto

仅仅用于一般过去时

1"

过去常做某事”(usedtodo)

否定句:

didn'

tusetodo通常

用never代替didn'

t

疑问句:

Did-usetodo

2“过曾经做过某事”

3区别beusedto"

习惯于”

beusedto+doing

IusedtodrinkcoffeeeverymorningbutnowIdrinktea.

Ididn'

tuseosmoke.

Ineverusedtosmoke.

Didyouusetosmoke?

SheusedtoliveinLondonbutnowshelivesinNewYork.

Iamusedtosmoking.(我习惯于抽烟),比较下面一个句子。

Iusedtosmoke.(我曾经抽烟)

hadbetter

1“建议”最好…做不做)

否定式hadbetternot

2“警告”

dbettersleepmore.

dbetternotdothatagain.

IhadbetterstudyorIwillfailthetest。

dare

①作为普通动词,dareto(do)

sth,敢做某事,与其匕头义动词用法一致,用于否定句和疑问句中的情况较多一些。

定式可以省略to.

Idon'

tdare(to)thinkhowmuchit'

sgoingtocost.

Ineverdared(to)tellherwhathadreallyhappened

Doyoudare(to)tellhimthenews?

②作为普通动词,daresbto

Idareyoutoclimbthathill.(我谅你不敢爬那座山)

do,打赌…不敢做某事”

Shedaredhimtoclimbontotheroof.(她打赌他不敢爬屋顶)

③作为情态动词,dare后加

Idaresaythatthecomputerwouldprovideananswertothat.

not,直接否定,dare提至句首

Idaren'

tthinkhowmuchit'

sgoingtocost.(直接加not否定)

提问,与can的用法类似。

④固定用法:

Dareyoutellhimthenews?

(疑1可句,dare提到句首)

Howdareyou,she•-?

你敢,

Howdareyou?

(你敢?

她敢…?

Howdareyoutalktomelikethat!

(你竟敢那样跟我说话!

don'

tyoudare••-!

你敢…!

Don'

tyoudaretrytostopme!

(你敢阻止我?

dareIsayit人息是说句不中

Mylifehasbecomepredictableand,dareIsayit,justalittle

听的话”

dull.

Idaresay=Idaresay,我敢

我的生活变得可预测,说句不中听的话,就是有点枯燥。

说…(daresay只用于一般现

Idaresaytheywillbeexpectedtogodownto

在时第一人称)

Buckinghamshire.

第3类

1.couldhavep.p.

1指过去某事有可能发生,但并木真的发生。

Theycouldhavewontherace,buttheydidn'

ttryhardenough.

Hecouldhavestudiedharder,buthewastoolazyandthat'

swhyhefailedtheexam.

2指过去有能力做某事,但并未真的做过。

Icouldhavestayeduplate,butIdecidedtogotobedearly.

Juliecouldhaveboughtthebook,butsheborroweditfromthelibraryinstead.

3对过去的发生事情做出一种猜测,但实际上并不知道真假。

仅仅是做一种观点上的表达。

Hecouldhavegotstuckintraffic.

Hecouldhaveforgottenthatweweremeetingtoday.

Hecouldhaveoverslept.

2.may/mighthavep.p.(用法与couldhavep.p.第③点相同)

对过去的发生事情做出一种猜测,但实际上并不知道真假。

Hemighthavegotstuckintraffic.

Hemighthaveforgottenthatweweremeetingtoday.

Hemighthaveoverslept.

3.couldn'

thavep.p.

渴望、期望做某事,但由于外部原因不可能做成,即便是很想做。

是一种虚拟语气。

Icouldn'

thavearrivedanyearlier.Therewasaterribletrafficjam(=itwasimpossibleformetohavearrivedanyearlier).

Hecouldn'

thavepassedtheexam,evenifhehadstudiedharder.It'

sareally,reallydifficultexam.

4.should/oughttohavep.p.

有一个好主意,该做而没有做。

为此感到遗憾或惋惜。

Youshould/oughttohavewarnedmeearlier.

Ishouldhavestudiedharder!

(=Ididn'

tstudyveryhardandsoIfailedtheexam.I'

msorryaboutthisnow.)

Ishouldhavegonetobedearly(=Ididn'

tgotobedearlyandnowI'

mtired).

5.shouldn'

某事不该做、但是做了。

对此进行批评。

Ishouldn'

thaveeatensomuchcake!

(=IdideatalotofcakeandnowIdon'

tfeelgood.)

Heshouldnthavetoldthem

6.wouldhavep.p.

1用于虚拟条件句

IfIhadhadenoughmoney,Iwouldhaveboughtacar.

(butIdidn'

thaveenoughmoney,soIdidn'

tbuyacar).

2很渴望做某事,但由于外部原因,根本做不成。

类似虚拟条件句,但不用if引导。

Iwouldhavevisitedyou,butIforgotyouraddress.

Iwouldhavegonetotheparty,butIwasreallybusy.

(=Iwantedtogototheparty,butIdidn'

tbecauseIwasbusy.IfIhadn'

tbeensobusy,Iwouldhavegonetotheparty.)

Iwouldhavecalledyou,butIdidn'

tknowyournumber.

(=IwantedtocallyoubutIdidn'

tknowyournumber,soIdidn'

tcallyou.)

A:

Nobodyvolunteeredtohelpuswiththefair

B:

Iwouldhavehelpedyou.Ididn'

tknowyouneededhelp.

(=IfIhadknownthatyouneededhelp,Iwouldhavehelpedyou.)

7.musthavep.p.

根据事件得出一种逻辑性的结论

Peterhasarrivedlate.Hemusthavebeeninatrafficjam.

根据Peter退到了,在逻辑上推测Peter碰到了堵车。

8.needn'

不必做某事

Youneedn'

thaveboughtit.

情态动词练习1

选择正确的词填空(重难点):

1.Ididn'

tfeelverywellyesterday.I.....eatanything.(couldn'

)tcannot/couldn'

/tcouldn'

2.You.....lookatmewhenIamtalkingtoyou.(should)

could/should/would

3..Iwasusingmypencilaminuteago.It.....beheresomewhere.(must)can/could/must/would

4.Youreally.....belateagain.(mustnot)

mustnot/don'

thavetobe

5.Ifyoudon'

tstartworkingharder,you.....repeatthecoursenextyear.(willhaveto)

haveto/must/willhaveto

6.Hisparentsspoilhim.He'

salwaystodowhateverhewants.(beenable)

beenable/beenableto

7.Phonehernow.She.....homebynow.(mustbe)

hastobe/mustbe/wouldbe

8.You.....forgetyoursuncream.It'

sgoingtobeveryhoib!

u(stn'

)t

thaveto/mustn'

t/needn'

9.I.....beabletohelpyou,butI'

mnotsur^ryieght)

might/would

10.Entrancetothemuseumwasfree.We.....paytogetin.(didn'

tneedtoneedn'

t/didn'

tneedto

11.AlreadyasachildMozart.....playthepianobeautifully.(could)

12.Whichsignareyoumorelikelytoseeatanairport:

Bags.....notbeleftunattended.(must)

can/must/must

13.Ireally.....trytogetfit.(must)

May/must/would

14takeaphotographofyou?

(MayI)

AmIallowedto/MayI

15.Students.....borrowupto6booksatanytime.(areallowedto)

areallowedto/could

16.Whoseisthisbag?

-Idon'

tknow,butit....belongtoYuta.(may)

could/may/should/would

17Igotothebathroom,please?

(May)

May/Must/Would

18.Hisexcuse.....betrue,butIdon'

tbeli^meay)

can/may

19.It'

sveryimportantto.....speakmorethanonelanguage.(beableto)

can/beableto

20.Idon'

tlike...getupearlyonaSunday.(havingto)

beingableto/beingallowedto/havingto

21youspeakFrench?

-Onlyafewwords,butmyRussianisprettygood.(Can)

Can/Could

22youhelpmemovethistable?

(Bothanswersarepossible.(Choosethemorepoliterequest.)

(Could)

23.I.....talkalreadybeforeIwastwoyearsold.(could)

24.I.....helpyou,butIdon'

twantCou(d)

can/could/would

25youopenthewindow,please.(can)

26.I.....movethetable.Itwastooheavy.(couldn'

)tcouldn'

t/mustn'

t/shouldn'

t/wouldn'

27.You.....putyourfeetonthecafeteriatables.(must)mustnot/donothaveto

28.Ifyoucontinuetopractisesohard,you.....beatmebeforetoolong!

(willbeableto)can/could/willbeableto

29youswim?

(Botharepossible.Whichisbetter?

)(Can)

Areyouableto/Can

30.You.....eatsomuchchocolate.It'

snotgoodforyosihouldn'

)tdon'

thaveto/don'

thaveto/shouldn'

31.I'

mafraidI....playtennistomorrow.I'

vegotadentistappointmentcan'

)tcan’t/couldn’t/wouldnotbeableto

32.Youcancometothemeetingifyouwantbutyou(don'

thavetc)

haveto/don'

33.Whatdoyouwanttodo?

-Well,we.....haveapicnic,butitlookslikerain.(could)

can/could/should/would

34.I'

msohungryI.....eatahorse!

(could)can/could/should/would

35.Theteststartsat10.30.You.....belate.(mustn'

thaveto/mustn

36.Whydidn'

tyoutellme?

I.....you!

(couldhavehelped)

couldhelp/couldhavehelped/wasabletohelp/

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