上海市崇明区届高三英语一模Word格式.docx

上海市崇明区届高三英语一模Word格式.docx

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ElectricBikeBaninNewYorkHurtsFoodDeliveryWorkers

AbanonelectricbicyclesinNewYorkCityishurtingdeliveryworkerswhodependonthemtoearnaliving、Manyoftheworkersareimmigrants、

Electricbicycles,or“ebikes,”looklikeregularbicycles,buttheyhaveelectricpoweredmotorstoassistridersinmovingthebikeforward、Mostebikesreachspeedsofabout32kilometersanhour,butsomecangomuch（21）________（fast）、

（22）________itislegaltoownebikesinNewYorkCity,itisnotlegaltooperatethem、Officialsthereconsiderthedangeroususeofebikesonstreetsandsidewalksasreason（23）________theban、Lastyear,thecityannouncedseveremeasures（24）________（mean）toholdebikeridersandrestaurantsthatemploytheridersresponsible、

Ebikeoperatorscannowbefined$500forbreakingtheban、Thepolice（25）________alsoseizethebikes、

ManyofNewYork’sdeliveryworkersareChineseimmigrantsintheir50sand60s、Theirjobrequiresthemtoworkquicklyandforlonghours（26）________（earn）enoughmoneytoliveon、

DeliveryworkerDeqingLiansaiditisimportanttoperformqualitywork（27）________theirjobalsodependsontips、Headdedthatwhendeliveryworkersaretooslow,somepeoplerefusetopayforthefood、Thismakestheworkers’supervisorsangry、

LiqiangLiuisanebikedeliveryworkerandspokespersonfortheNewYorkDeliveryWorkersUnion、Hesays（28）________（catch）breakingthebanandhavingthebikeseizedwouldcausecostlydelaysforworkers、

DoLeeiswiththeBikingPublicProject,（29）________providesassistancetobicyclerelatedworkersinNewYorkCity、Hesaysthecity’sbanonebikesisunfairlytargetinglowpaidworkerswholargelyefromthecity’sLatinoandAsianmunities、Hedoesnotaccepttheargument（30）________ebikespresentadangertocitizens、However,manyNewYorkersarequicktoblameebikeridersfornotbeingsafe、

SectionB

A、overateB、preciousC、rateD、researchersE、impressionF、previous

G、presentedH、interpretI、goersJ、revealedK、consumer

PeopleThinkMealsTasteBetterIfTheyAreExpensive

Itissaidthatthere’snosuchthingasafreelunch,butevenifyoumanagetobagabargainmeal,itwillnottasteasgoodasamoreexpensivemeal,accordingtoscientists、

Anewstudyhasfoundthatrestaurant__31__whopaymorefortheirmealsthinkthefoodistastierthanifitisofferedforasmallerprice、Theexpertsthinkthatpeopletendtoassociatecostwithqualityandthischangestheir__32__ofhowfoodtastes、

ScientistsatCornellUniversityinNewYorkstudiedtheeatinghabitsof139peopleenjoyinganItalianbuffet（自助餐）inarestaurant、Thepriceofthefoodwassetbythe__33__ateither$4or$8fortheallyoucaneatmeal、Customerswereaskedto__34__howgoodthefoodtasted,thequalityoftherestaurantandtoleavetheirnames、

Theexperiment__35__thatthepeoplewhopaid$8forthefoodenjoyedtheirmeal11percentmorethanthosewhoatethe“cheaper”buffet、Interestinglythosethatpaidforthe$4buffetsaidtheyfeltguiltieraboutloadinguptheirplatesandfeltthatthey__36__、However,thescientistssaidthatbothgroupsatearoundthesamequantityoffoodintotal,accordingtothestudy__37__attheExperimentalBiologymeetingthisweek、

BrianWansink,aprofessorof__38__behaviorattheuniversity,said:

“Wewerefascinatedtofindthatpricinghaslittleimpactonhowmuchoneeats,butahugeimpactonhowyou__39__theexperience、”Hethinksthatpeopleenjoyedtheirfoodmoreastheyassociatedcostwithqualityandthatsmallchangestoarestaurantcanchangehowtastypeoplefindtheirmeals、

Ina（n）__40__study,scientistsfromtheuniversityshowedthatpeoplewhoeatindimlightingconsume175lesscalories（卡路里）thanpeoplewhoeatinbrightlylitareas、

III、Readingprehension

HowClimateChangeAffectsAirlineFlights

HotweatherhasforceddozensofmercialflightstobecanceledatairportsintheSouthwestthissummer、Thisflightdisturbing__41__isawarningsign、Climatechangeisprojectedtohavefarreaching__42__includingsealevelrisefloodingcitiesandshiftingweatherpatternscausinglongtermdeclinesinagriculturalproduction、Andthereisevidencethatitisbeginningtoaffectthetakeoffperformanceofmercialaircraft,withpotentialeffectsonairline__43__、

Nationalandglobaltransportationsystemsandtheeconomicactivitytheysupporthavebeendesignedfortheclimateinwhichitalldeveloped、Intheaviation（航空）industry,airportsandaircraftaredesignedfortheweatherconditionsexperienced__44__、Becausetheclimateischanging,evenfundamentalelementslikeairportsandkeyeconomicpartslikeairtransportationmayneedtobe__45__、

Asscientistsfocusedontheimpactsofclimatechangeandextremeweatheronhumansocietyandnaturalecosystemsaroundtheworld,ourresearchhasquantifiedhowextremeheatassociatedwithourwarmingclimatemayaffect__46__aroundtheworld、We’vefoundthatmajorairportsfromNewYorktoDubaitoBangkokwillseemorefrequenttakeoffweight__47__intheingdecadesduetoincreasinglymonhottemperatures,whichcanhelpreducetheaircraft’sweightsoastoloweritsrequiredtakeoffspeed、

Thereisobviousevidencethatextremeeventssuchasheatwavesandcoastalfloodingarehappeningwithgreaterfrequencyandintensitythanjustafewdecadesago、Andifwe__48__toreducegreenhousegasemissionssignificantlyinthenextfewdecades,thefrequencyandintensityoftheseextremesisprojectedtoincreasedramatically、

The__49__onaviationmaybewidespread、Manyairportsarebuiltnearsealevel,puttingthematriskofmorefrequent__50__asoceansrise、Thefrequencyandintensityofviolentairmovementmayincreaseinsomeregionsduetostrengtheninghighaltitude（高海拔得）wind、Strongerwindswouldforceairlinesandpilotstochangeflightlengthsandroutines,potentiallyincreasingfuel__51__、

Manydepartmentsoftheeconomy,includingtheaviationindustry,haveyettoseriously__52__theeffectsofclimatechange、Thesooner,thebetter:

Bothairportconstructionandaircraftdesigntakedecades,andhave__53__effects、Today’snewestplanesmaywellbeflyingin40or50years,andtheir__54__arebeingdesignednow、Theearlierclimateimpactsareunderstoodandappreciated,themoreeffectiveandlesscostlyadaptationcanbe、Thoseadaptationsmayevenincludeinnovativewaystodramaticallyreduceclimatealteringemissionsacrosstheaviationindustry,whichwouldhelpreducetheproblemwhilealso__55__it、

41、A、schemeB、heatC、shiftD、mess

42、A、contributionsB、confusionsC、feedbacksD、consequences

43、A、pilotsB、reservationsC、costsD、accidents

44、A、historicallyB、enormouslyC、fundamentallyD、domestically

45、A、retestedB、implementedC、prospectedD、reengineered

46、A、travelsB、developmentsC、flightsD、munications

47、A、disordersB、gainsC、bansD、restrictions

48、A、happenB、failC、aimD、promise

49、A、taxesB、effectsC、viewpointsD、ments

50、A、floodingB、rottingC、repairingD、transferring

51、A、standardB、efficiencyC、distributionD、consumption

52、A、considerB、avoidC、maximizeD、demonstrate

53、A、greaterB、differentC、lastingD、direct

54、A、airportsB、productsC、contractsD、replacements

55、A、sneezingatB、respondingtoC、resultinginD、recoveringfrom

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassage、Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements、ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD、Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread、

（A）

Fluiskillingus、Theusualresponsetotheannualfluisnotenoughtofightagainsttheriskswecurrentlyface,letaloneprepareusforanevendeadlierwidespreadfluthatmostexpertsagreewilleinthefuture、Yes,wehaveanannualvaccine（疫苗）,andeveryonequalifiedshouldgetitwithoutquestion、Thereality,however,isthatlessthanhalfAmericansgetthefluvaccines、Andthefluvaccineswehaveareonly60%effectiveinthebestyearsand10%effectiveintheworstyears、Weurgentlyneedamuchmoreeffectivefluvaccine、

IntheU、Salone,seasonalflucancauseupto36millioninfections,threequartersofamillionhospitalizationsand56,000deaths、Wearenotinvestingtheresourcesneededtoprotectourselves,ourlovedonesandourmunities、

Whynot?

Wehaven’tbeenhitbyatrulydestructivewidespreaddiseaseinalongtime、Soasindividuals,weletdownourguardasourleadersquietlydefundanddistafftheservicesweneedtoprotectus、

Theriskofcontinuedfootdraggingishuge、Inaseverewidespreaddisease,theU、Shealthcaresystemcouldbedefeatedinjustweeks、Millionsofpeoplewouldbeinfectedbythevirus,andwoulddieintheweeksandmonthsfollowingtheinitialoutbreak、

Thecostofpreventingepidemics（流行病）isroughlyatenthofwhatitcoststocopewiththemwhentheyhit、In2012,acallwasissuedforanannualbilliondollarU、S、mitmenttothedevelopmentofauniversalfluvaccine、Sixyearslater,thesearchforauniversalvaccineremainedseriouslyunderfunded、

Thesimplereasonliesinourcollectivesatisfaction、Assoonasheadlinesaboutthefluaregoinghospitalsareemptiedofflupatients,andschoolandworkplaceabsenceratesdeclines,wegobacktobusinessasusual、

Leadingscientistsandpublichealthofficialshavethecapabilitytokeepusmuchsaferfromflu、Theyneedyou