职称英语考试理工类A级阅读理解练习题及答案Word文档格式.docx

职称英语考试理工类A级阅读理解练习题及答案Word文档格式.docx

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JamesFogartyandScottHudsonatCamegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniabasedtheirsystemoiltinymicrophones，camerasandtouchsensorsthatrevealbodylanguageandactivity.Firsttheyhadtostudydifferentbehaviorstofindoutwhichonesstonglypredictwhetheryourmindisinterrupted

Thepotential"

busyness"

signalstheyfocusedonincludedwhethertheofficedoorswereleftopenorclosed，thetimeofday，ifotherpeoplewerewiththepersoninquestion，howclosetheyweretoeachother,andwhetherornotthecomputerwasinuse.

Thesensorsmonitoredtheseandmanyotherfactorswhilefoursubjectswereatwork.Atrandomintervals，thesubjectsratedhowinterruptibletheywereonascalerangingfrom"

highlyinterruptible'

'

to"

highlynot-interruptible"

.Theirratingswerethencorrelatedwiththevariousbehaviors."

Itisashotgun（随意的）approach：

weusedalltheindicatorswecouldthinkofandthenletstatisticsfindoutwhichwereimportant，"

saysHudson

Themodelshowedthatusingthekeyboard，andtalkingonalandlineortosomeoneelseintheofficecorrelatedmoststronglywithhowinterruptiblethesubjectsjudgedthemselvestobe.

Interestingly，thecomputerwasactuallybetterthanpeopleatpredictingwhensomeonewastoobusytobeinterrupted.Thecomputergotitright82percentofthetime，humans77percent.Fogartyspeculatesthatthismightbebecausepeopledoingtheinterruptingareinevitablybiasedtowardsdeliveringtheirmessage，whereascomputersdon'

tcare.

ThefirstapplicationforHudsonandFogarty'

ssystemislikelytobeinaninstantmessagingsystem，followedbyofficephonesandcellphones."

Thereisnotechnologicalroadblock（障碍）toitbeingdeployedinacoupleofyears，"

36Abigproblemfacingpeopletodayisthat

Atheymusttoleratephonedisturbancesormissimportantcalls.

Btheymustturnofftheirphonestokeeptheirhomesquiet.

Ctheyhavetoswitchfromadesktopphonetoacellphone.

Dtheyaretoobusytomakephonecalls.

37Thebehaviorsensorandsoftwaresystembuiltinaphone

Acouldhelpstoremessages.

Bcouldsendmessagesinstantly

Ccouldtellwhenitiswisetointerruptyou.

Dcouldidentifyimportantphonecalls.

38ScientistsatCarnegieMenonUniversitytriedtofindout

Awhyofficedoorswereoften1eftopen.

Bwhenitwasagoodtimetoturnoffthecomputer.

Cwhatquestionsofficeworkerswerebotheredwith.

Dwhichbehaviorscouldtellwhetherapersonwasbusy

39Duringtheexperiment，thesubjectswereasked

Atocontrolthesensorsandthecamera.

Btoratethedegreestowhichtheycouldbeinterrupted.

Ctocomparetheirbehaviorswithothers'

.

Dtoanalyzealltheindicatorsofinterruption.

40Thecomputerperformedbetterthanpeopleinthestudybecause

Athecomputerworkedharder.

Bthecomputerwasnotbusy

Cpeopletendedtobebiased.

Dpeoplewerenotgoodatstatistics.

参考答案：

36A该题问的是：

当今人们面临的一个大的问题是什么?

文章第～句就给出了答案：

人们太忙了，不能被连续不断的电话骚扰。

要么关闭手机。

37c第二段中的that是代词，指上段最后两旬句子的内容。

而答案在第一句的后半部分：

确定何时适合打扰你。

38D本题题干的意思是在CamegieMellon大学的科学家试图找出……?

答案在第三段最后一句，第四段第一句也给出了部分答案。

39B本题问的是实验中，受试者被要求干什么?

答案在第五段第二句：

受试者对是否可被打断工作做出评定，评定范围从"

完全可以被打断"

到"

完全不能被打断"

40c本题和倒数第二段第一句有关，说的是实验中电脑比人表现得好，问原因是什么?

这段最后一句说了，peopledoingtheinterruptingareinevitablybiased…，即人有偏见，故c为答案。

TheExplodingLakesofCameroon

Whatcomestomindwhenyouthinkofalake?

Youprobablyimagineaprettyscenewithbluewater，birds，andfish.ForthepeopleinthenorthwesternCameroon，however,theimageisverydifferent.Forthem，lakesmaymeanterribledisasters.In1984，poisonousgasesexplodedoutofLakeMonounandcamedownintothenearbyvillages，killingthirty-sevenpeople.Twoyearslater,LakeNyoseruptedAcloudofgasesrolleddownthehillsandintothevalleysandkilled1,700people.

LakeNyosandLakeMonounarecrater（火山口）lakesTheywereformedwhenwatercollectedinthecratersofoldvolcanoesThevolcanoesunderLakeNyosandLakeMonounarenotactiveanymore.However,poisonousgasesfromthecenteroftheearthcontinuetoflowupthroughcracksinthebottomofthelake.Thisisnormalinacraterlake.Inmostcraterlakes，thesegasesarereleasedoftenbecausethewater'

turnsover'

regularly.Thatis，thewaterfromthebottomofthelakerisesandmixeswiththewateratthetop，allowingthegasestoescapeslowly.

However，inLakesNyosandMonoun，thereisnoregularturningover.Nooneknowsthereasonforthisfact，butasaresult，theselakeshavemoregasestappedatthebottomthanothercraterlakes.Infact，scientistswhohavestudiedLakesNyosandMonounhavefound16,000timesmoregases.Whenastrongwind，coolweatherastorm，oralandslide（滑坡）causesthewatertoturnoversuddenly，thegasesescapeinaviolentexplosion.

Inthepast，nooneknewwhenthegasesmightexplode，sotherewasnowayforthevillagerstoescapedisaster.NowscientistsfromtheUnitedStates，France，andCameroonhavefoundawaytoreducethegaspressureatthebottomofLakeNyos.Theystooda672-footplasticpipeinthemiddleofthelake，withoneendofthepipenearthebottomandtheotherendintheair.Nearthetopofthepipe，theteamputseveralholesthatcouldbeopenedorclosedbyacomputer.Now，whenthegaspressuregetstoohigh，theholesareopenedandsomeofthegas-filledwatershootsupthroughthepipeintotheairlikeafountain.Withlesspressure，adisastrousexplosionismuchlesslikely.However,thescientistsarenotsurethatonepipewillbeenoughtopreventexplosions.TheyhopetoputinotherssoonandtheyplantoinstallasimilarpipeandacomputersystematLakeMonounaswell.

Toprotectpeoplenearbyuntilallofthepipesareinplace.thescientistshaveinstalledearlywarningsystemsatbothlakes.Ifthegaspressurerisestoadangerouslevel，computerswillsetoffloudsirens（警报）andbrightlightstowarnthepeopleinthevillages.Thatway,theywillhavetimetoescapefromthedangerousgases.

41WhatwillhappenwhenLakeNyosandLakeMonounexplode?

AWaterwillflowdownthehills

BPoisonousgaseswillbereleasedsuddenly.

CAstrongwindwillrisefromthelakes

DThevolcanoeswillcometolife.

42WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutLakeNyosandLakeMonounistrue?

ATheywereformedin1984.

BTheyareatthetopoftwoactivevolcanoes.

CTheyarenotlikemostothercraterlakes.

DWaterinthemturnsoverregularly.

43LakeNyosandLakeMonounexplodebecause

Athegasesrisetothetopandmixwithair.

Bpeoplefromthevillagesturnoverthewater.

Cscientistshaveputinacomputersystem.

Dtheyhavemoregasestrappedatthebottomthanothercraterlakes

44Ateamofscientistshas

Aerectedapressure-releasingpipeinthelake

Bidentifiedthegasesatthebottomofthelake

Cbuiltabeautifulfountainnearthelakes

Dremovedalldangerousgasesfromthelakes

45Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?

AScientistsareplanningtoinstallpipesinallcraterlakes.

BScientistsstilldonotknowhowtopreventgasexplosions

CExplosiondisasterscouldbeavoidedinthefuture

DWarningsystemshavebeensetupinthevillagesnearby.

41B该题问的是Nyos和Monoun两湖喷发时会出现什么情况?

第一段第五句提到，Monoun喷发时有毒气体随之而出。

两年后，Nyos湖喷发时也出现类似情况。

故B为答案。

42c本题为细节题。

问的是关于Nyos和Monoun两湖哪句陈述是正确的?

选项A说的是两湖于1984年形成的，不符合原文意思。

选项B的意思是：

他们坐落在两座活活火山上，也与原文意思不符。

选项D说的是湖中的水定期翻滚，均与原文不符。

只有选项c正确。

43D题句的意思是：

Nyos和Monoun两湖发生喷发的原因是什么?

前三个选项均与原文意思不符，答案见第三段第二句。

44A本题问的是一队科学家干了什么工作?

第四段第三句提到他们在湖里立了一根释放湖底气压的管子。

故A为答案。

45c本题问的是在文章最后一段我们了解到了什么?

文章最后一段主要讲的是在所有的湖里竖起缓解湖底气压的管子后，就不会有危险。

故选项c为正确答案。

WhenWeAreAsleep

Everyonedreams，butsomepeopleneverrecalltheirdreams，ordosoveryrarely.Otherpeoplealwayswakeupwithvividrecollections（记忆）oftheirdreams，thoughtheyforgetthemveryquickly.Inanaveragenightofeighthours'

sleep，anaverageadultwilldreamforaroundonehundredminutes，probablyhavingthreetofivedreams，eachlastingfromtentothirtyminutes.Scientistscandetectwhensomeoneishavingadreambyusinganinstrumentwhichmeasurestheelectricalwavesinthebrain.Duringdreaming,thesewavesmovemorequickly.Breathingandpulseratealsoincrease，andtherearerapideyemovementsunderthelids,justasthoughthedreamerwerereallylookingatmovingobjects.Thesesignsofdreaminghavebeendetectedinallmammals（哺乳动物）studied,includingdogs,monkeys,cats,andelephants,andalsosomebirdsandreptiles（爬行动物）.Thisperiodofsleepiscalledthe"

D"

stateforaround50%oftheirsleep;

theperiodreducestoaround25%bytheageof10.

Dreamstaketheformofstories，buttheymaybestrangeandwithincidentsnotconnected，whichmakelittlesense.Dreamsareseldomwithoutpeopleinthemandtheyareusuallyaboutpeopleweknow.Oneestimatesaysthattwo-thirdsofthe"

cast"

ofourdreamdramasarefriendsandrelations.Visionseemsanessentialpartofdreams，exceptforpeopleblindfrombirth.Soundandtoucharesensesalsooftenaroused，butsmellandtastearenotfrequentlyinvolved.In"

normal"

dreams，thedreamermaybetakingpart，orbeonlyanobserve