failoverAAWord下载.docx
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Fa1/3on802.1qtrunking1
Fa1/8on802.1qtrunking1
Fa1/15on802.1qtrunking1
SW12#showvlan-switch
10VLAN0010active
20VLAN0020activeFa1/2
30VLAN0030activeFa1/11
100VLAN0100activeFa1/9
200VLAN0200activeFa1/10
SW12#showinterfacestrunk
Fa1/8on802.1qtrunking1
Fa1/15on802.1qtrunking1
在systemFW下创建子接口,并加入vlan
pix1(config)#interfacee0
pix1(config)#noshutdown
pix1(config)#interfacee0.1创建子接口,加入vlan
pix1(config-if)#vlan10
pix1(config)#interfacee0.2
pix1(config-if)#vlan20
Pix2上只需配置failover,其他都从pix1上通过failover链路复制
Primary上配置failover组
pix1(config)#failovergroup1
pix1(config-fover-group)#primary组1角色primary
pix1(config-fover-group)#preempt抢占
pix1(config)#failovergroup2
pix1(config-fover-group)#secondary组2角色secondary
pix1(config-fover-group)#preempt
创建虚拟FW,添加接口并加入failover组
pix1(config)#admin-contextadmin指定admincontext
pix1(config)#contextadmin
pix1(config-ctx)#config-urlflash:
/admin.cfg
pix1(config-ctx)#allocate-interfacee0.1
pix1(config-ctx)#allocate-interfacee1
pix1(config-ctx)#join-failover-group1加入组1
pix1(config)#contextxx
/xx.cfg
pix1(config-ctx)#allocate-interfacee2
pix1(config-ctx)#join-failover-group2加入组2
切换到虚拟FW,配置端口IP地址(事先要创建子接口并将子接口加入到相应vlan,开启物理接口)
pix1(config)#changetocontextadmin
pix1/admin(config)#interfacee0.1
pix1/admin(config-if)#nameifinside
pix1/admin(config-if)#ipadd192.168.1.10255.255.255.0standby192.168.1.254
pix1/admin(config-if)#intee1
pix1/admin(config-if)#nameifoutside
pix1/admin(config-if)#ipadd192.168.3.10255.255.255.0standby192.168.3.20
pix1(config)#changetocontextxx
pix1/xx(config)#intee0.2
pix1/xx(config-if)#nameifinside
pix1/xx(config-if)#ipadd192.168.2.10255.255.255.0standby192.168.2.254
pix1/xx(config-if)#intee2
pix1/xx(config-if)#nameifoutside
pix1/xx(config-if)#ipadd192.168.4.10255.255.255.0standby192.168.4.20
在FW1/FW2上配置failover
pix1(config)#failoverlanenable
pix1(config)#failoverlaninterfacefae3
pix1(config)#failoverinterfaceipfa192.168.100.100255.255.255.0standby192.168.100.200
pix1(config)#failoverlinkfae3
pix1(config)#failoverlanunitprimary必须配置?
?
pix1(config)#failover
pix2(config)#failoverlanenable
pix2(config)#failoverlaninterfacefae3
pix2(config)#failoverinterfaceipfa192.168.100.100255.255.255.0standby192.168.100.200
pix2(config)#failoverlinkfae3
pix2(config)#failoverlanunitsecondary
pix2(config)#failover
数据从active复制到standby后,查看failover信息
pix1(config)#
Beginningconfigurationreplication:
Sendingtomate.
EndConfigurationReplicationtomate
pix2(config)#
StatecheckdetectedanActivemate
Beginningconfigurationreplicationfrommate.
Endconfigurationreplicationfrommate.
pix1(config)#
IP地址查看
FW1上
pix1/admin(config)#showinterfaceipbriefFW1上的admin上端口为active下的IP
InterfaceIP-AddressOK?
MethodStatusProtocol
Ethernet0.1192.168.1.10YESmanualupup
Ethernet1192.168.3.10YESmanualupup
pix1/xx(config)#showinterfaceipbriefFW1上的xx上端口为standby下的IP端口
Ethernet2192.168.4.20YESmanualupup
Ethernet0.2192.168.2.254YESmanualupup
FW2上
pix1/admin(config)#showinterfaceipbriefFW2上的admin上端口为standby下的IP
Ethernet0.1192.168.1.254YESCONFIGupup
Ethernet1192.168.3.20YESmanualupup
pix1/xx(config)#showinterfaceipbriefFW2上的xx上端口为active下的IP
Ethernet0.2192.168.2.10YESCONFIGupup
Ethernet2192.168.4.10YESCONFIGupup
FW1上的failover信息
pix1(config)#showfailover
FailoverOn
Cablestatus:
N/A-LAN-basedfailoverenabled
FailoverunitPrimary
FailoverLANInterface:
faEthernet3(up)
UnitPollfrequency15seconds,holdtime45seconds
InterfacePollfrequency5seconds,holdtime25seconds
InterfacePolicy1
MonitoredInterfaces2of250maximum
Version:
Ours8.0(3)19,Mate8.0(3)19
Group1lastfailoverat:
05:
35:
27UTCMar282010
Group2lastfailoverat:
06:
50:
38UTCMar282010
Thishost:
Primary
Group1State:
Active
Activetime:
4755(sec)
Group2State:
StandbyReady
1320(sec)
adminInterfaceinside(192.168.1.10):
Normal(Not-Monitored)
adminInterfaceoutside(192.168.3.10):
Normal
xxInterfaceinside(192.168.2.254):
xxInterfaceoutside(192.168.4.20):
Otherhost:
Secondary
0(sec)
3435(sec)
adminInterfaceinside(192.168.1.254):
adminInterfaceoutside(192.168.3.20):
xxInterfaceinside(192.168.2.10):
xxInterfaceoutside(192.168.4.10):
FW2上的failover信息
FailoverunitSecondary
49:
55UTCMar282010
40UTCMar282010
Group2State:
3465(sec)
Group1State:
4785(sec)
Ping测试
RT1(config)#iproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.1.10
RT2(config)#iproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.2.10
RT3(config)#iproute192.168.1.0255.255.255.0192.168.3.10
RT3(config)#iproute192.168.2.0255.255.255.0192.168.4.10
pix1/admin(config)#access-listpgpermiticmp192.168.3.0255.255.255.0host192.168.1.1
pix1/admin(config)#access-grouppgininterfaceoutside
RT1#ping192.168.3.1
Typeescapesequencetoabort.
Sending5,100-byteICMPEchosto192.168.3.1,timeoutis2seconds:
!
Successrateis100percent(5/5),round-tripmin/avg/max=28/45/64ms
pix1(config)#debugicmptraceRT1pingRT3走的是FW1上的admin
ICMPechorequestfrominside:
192.168.1.1tooutside:
192.168.3.1ID=12seq=0len=72
ICMPechoreplyfromoutside:
192.168.3.1toinside:
192.168.1.1ID=12seq=0len=72
数据流分析:
RT1发ARP广播得到下一跳192.168.1.10的MAC地址,封装数据包,从e1/0发出到达SW11的f1/1
数据包进入SW11的f1/1,打上vlan10的ID
SW11查找MAC地址表,先前转发ARP时已经学到192.168.1.10的MAC地址,到f1/8
f1/8为trunk,打上vlanid=10的trunk标识,从f1/8发出到达FW15的e0
FW15通过唯一的MAC区分数据包,交给admin的FW处理,e0.1封装已封装成dot1q,划到了vlan10,vlanid一致,在e0.1口拆掉trunk标识
在admin上从inside到outside,默认放行,查找路表,下一跳为直连网段
从FW15上的e1发出到达SW11的f1/9,进入f1/9时打上vlan100的ID
SW11通过MAC地址表(FW15请求192.168.3.1的MAC地址时学到)从f1/3发出
F1/3为trunk,打上vlanid=100的trunk标识,发到R3上e1/0.1
E1/0.1封装已封装成dot1q,划到了vlan100,vlanid一致,在e1/0.1口拆掉trunk标识,发现目标IP地址是自己,回复ICMP包
ICMP数据返回过程与上类似
E1/0.1打上trunk标识,vlanid=100
F1/3上拆除trunk标识,查MAC表,发送到属于vlan100的f1/9(出access口时没有vlan标记)
FW15上已在outside有ACL放行,查路由,发到e0.1,打上trunk标识,vlanid=10
在SW11的trunk口F1/8拆除trunk标识,并发到属于vlan10的f1/1
pix1/xx(config)#access-listpgpermiticmp192.168.4.0255.255.255.0host192.168.2.1
pix1/xx(config)#access-grouppgininterfaceoutside
RT2#ping192.168.4.1
Sending5,100-byteICMPEchosto192.168.4.1,timeoutis2seconds:
Successrateis100percent(5/5),round-tripmin/avg/max=28/88/164ms
pix1/xx(config)#debugicmptrace
pix1/xx(config)#RT2pingRT3走的是FW2上的xx
192.168.2.1tooutside:
192.168.4.1ID=6seq=0len=72
192.168.4.1toinside:
192.168.2.1ID=6seq=0len=72
切换测试
SW12(config)#intef1/10
SW12(config-if)#shutdown关闭与FW16上xx相连的交换机端口
FW1上查看xx
pix1(config)#chancontextxx
pix1/xx(config)#showfailover
LastFailoverat:
58:
51UTCMar282010
Thiscontext:
Active由原来的standby切换到active
1395(sec)
Interfaceinside(192.168.2.10):
Interfaceoutside(192.168.4.10):
Normal(Waiting)
Peercontext:
Failed
3690(sec)
Interfaceinside(192.168.2.254):
Interfaceoutside(192.168.4.20):
Failed(Waiting)
在FW2上看
53UTCMar282010
Failed由原来的active变为failed
1425(sec)