届高考英语大一轮复习单元知识汇总Book7Unit21HumanBiology北师大版Word下载.docx

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届高考英语大一轮复习单元知识汇总Book7Unit21HumanBiology北师大版Word下载.docx

18.routinen.常规;

惯例

19.foreseevt.预见

20.underlinevt.表明重要性;

强调

21.faithn.信心

22.stopsth.initstracks终止;

消灭

23.temporaryadj.临时的;

短暂的

24.robvt.使丧失;

抢劫

25.declinevi.下降

26.atanyrate无论如何;

至少

27.deadlinen.截止日期,最后日期

28.concernn.担心;

担忧

29.absurdadj.荒谬的;

可笑的

30.toleratevt.容忍→tolerantadj.宽容的;

容忍的→tolerancen.容忍

31.opposevt.反对→oppositeadj.相反的→oppositionn.相反

32.contradictvt.与(其他事物)相矛盾→contradictionn.矛盾的说法;

反驳

33.trialn.实验→tryv.试验;

试做;

n.尝试

34.prohibitvt.禁止→prohibitionn.禁止;

禁令

35.equipvt.使有准备→equipmentn.装备;

设备

36.fortunen.大笔钱财,巨款→fortunateadj.幸运的→misfortunen.不幸

必背经典句式

1.Unfortunately,itisnoteasytocatchathletesusingillegaldrugs.

不幸的是,要当场查出运动员使用违禁药物并不是很容易。

2.Whenhewenttothedoctorthatday,hecouldnothaveknownwhatwasabouttohappentohim.

那天当他去看医生时,他不可能知道他要发生什么事。

3.Oureyesandearssendsignalsallthetime,anditisourbrainthatinterpretsthesesignalsandbuildsupapictureoftheoutsideworld.

我们的眼睛和耳朵不停地发射信号,大脑翻译这些信号并构建出外部世界的图画。

4.ItseemsarealpitythatthousandsofpeoplewhocouldhavebenefitedfromTraditionalChineseMedicinemissedoutbecauseofignorance.

很遗憾,由于无知,成千上万的人们错过了用传统中医治疗的机会。

构词记忆

 architecture/′ɑːkItektʃə/n.[U]建筑学;

建筑式样;

建筑风格

creature/′kriːtʃə/n.[C]1.创造物;

产物 2.生物;

动物

departure/dI′pɑːtʃə/n.[C]&

[U]启程;

离开;

出发

literature/′lItərətʃə/n.[C]&

[U]1.文学 2.文献;

图书资料

signature/′sIɡnətʃə/n.[C]&

[U]署名;

签名

Ⅰ.词汇与派生

A.语境填词

1.Popmusicisnowindecline(下降),whilecountrymusiccatcheson.

2.Heforesaw(预见)thatthejobwouldtakealongtime.

3.Tocareforwisdom,truthandimprovementofthesoulisfarbetterthantoseek(寻求)money,honorandreputation.

4.Theflightwaspostponed(推迟)becauseofthethicksnow.

5.I’mafraidyou’vemissedthedeadline(截止日期),whichforapplicationswasMay30th.

6.Itwasabsurd(荒唐的)ofyoutosuggestsuchathing.

7.Hewasarrestedonachargeofcorruption(腐败)andabuse(滥用)ofpower.

8.Educationiscompulsory(义务的)forchildreninmostcountries.

9.Theentry(入学)ofthestudentsintotheuniversitymakestheirparentshappy.

10.Shetreated(款待)himtolunch.

B.用所给词的适当形式填空

11.Isthereanyonewhoopposes(oppose)theideaputforwardbythecommittee?

12.Iwon’ttolerate(tolerance)yourbehavinginthisway.

13.Thegovernmenthasaninterestinimportingscientificequipment(equip).

14.Ijustdon’tseewhyweshouldn’tgiveitatry(trial).

15.Thegirlwasfortunate(fortune)enoughtohavehermotherasabosom(知心的)friend.

Ⅱ.短语运用

A.用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空

belostto,getdownto,workout,giveup,compareto,comeup,getthrough,makeup,consistof,bringup

16.Hadtheboyworkedharder,hewouldhavegotthroughtheexams.

17.Shelikestobringupherchildinhealthysurroundings.

18.Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.It’stimeforustogetdowntoourstudies.

19.InEurope,onehalfofthepopulationwaslosttotheBlackDeath.

20.Thedoctoradvisedmybrothertogiveupsmokingassoonaspossible.

21.Ican’tworkoutthemeaningofthispoem.

22.I’llletyouknowifanythingcomesup.

23.Thissoupconsistsoftomatoes,meatandpeas.

24.TheworldwascomparedtoastagebyShakespeare.

25.Nineplayersmakeupateam.

B.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空

atrandom,forgood,invain,atanyrate,atallcosts,asearlyas,asawhole,indespair

26.Thesummersportsmeetingmustbeheldontimeatanyrate.

27.Wetriedinvaintomakehimchangehismind.

28.We’vebeenseparatedfromeachotherbefore,butIthinkit’sforgoodthistime.

29.Themarketresearchersinterviewedpeopleatrandominthestreet.

30.Epidemicsaredescribedinhistopicalaccountsasearlyas430BC.

31.ChineseMedicinetreatsthebodyasawhole.

32.Afterthefailureoftheoperation,shecriedindespair.

33.Hedecidedtofinishtheprojectatallcosts.

Ⅲ.经典句式

34.ItseemedarealpitythatIdidn’tseethesuperstarwhoIhaveadmiredyesterday.

很遗憾,昨天我没有见到这位我很仰慕的巨星。

35.Inourschoolwhoeveriscaughtcheatingintheexamswillbepunishedseverely.

在我们学校,无论是谁,在考试中被当场抓住作弊者将会受到严罚。

36.Itwasmyauntwho/thatmetTominthestreetyesterday.

昨天是我的阿姨在街上碰到的汤姆。

37.Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.

本来他能够通过考试,但是他太粗心了。

1

[多词一义] tolerate,bear,stand,putupwith

toleratesb.doingsth.容忍/忍受某人做某事

havetolerancefor忍受……

beyondtolerance无法忍受

betolerantof容忍……

Hewon’ttolerateanyonequestioninghisdecisions.

他不能容忍别人对他的决定提出质疑。

Perhapsyouneedtobetolerantofyourneighbors.

或许你应该对你的邻居宽容些。

[夯实基础]

语法填空

(1)Perhapsyoushouldbemoretolerantofyourlittlesister.

(2)Ihaveahightoleranceforthatstuff.

(3)Hewasbeyondtoleranceatlast,andleftangrily.

2

[应试指导] seekfor作为高级词汇替换lookfor

seekafter/for企图获得;

追求;

寻找

seektodosth.试图设法做某事

seekout找到

Theysoughtinvainforsomewheretoshelter.

他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。

(1)Theyareurgentlyseekingforthepostwheretheyarewellpaid.

(2)Thecouplehavesoughthelpfromtheirmarriagegobetweens.

(3)Corbettresolvedtoseekoutthetruth.

(4)Havingsought(seek)forasolutiontotheproblemforseveraldays,theyfinallyfoundone.

3

[多词一义] cause,caterto/for,meet,satisfy,fulfill

caterto迎合

caterfor为……提供服务;

满足……需要

caterforsth.提供饮食;

承办酒席

Ournewspaperstrytocaterfor/toallopinions.

我们的报纸试图满足各种观点的要求。

(1)It’sthekindofmoviethatcaterstotheworstsideofhumannature.

(2)It’saholidaycompanythatcatersfortheelderly.

(3)Whoiscateringforyourdaughter’swedding?

4

[多词一义] prohibitsb.fromdoing,stopsb.(from)doing,preventsb.(from)doing,keepsb.fromdoing

prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事

prohibitone’sdoingsth.禁止某人做某事

prohibitionagainst...……的禁令

Thepriceprohibitedusfrombuyingit.

这东西价钱太高,我们买不起。

Visitorsareprohibitedfromfeedingtheanimals.

禁止游客投喂动物。

(1)Theenvironmentalgroupisdemandingacompleteprohibitionagainstthehuntingofwhales.

(2)Meanwhile,theDutchwillprohibittouristsfrombuyingmarijuana(大麻)intheirfamouscoffeeshops.

(3)Afewschoolshaveadoptedpoliciesthatprohibitsharing(share)studentcontactinformation.

5

robsb./sp.ofsth.抢某人某地的某物

stealsth.fromsb./sp.从……那里偷某物

robberyn.抢劫,robbern.盗贼;

强盗

Ican’tforgiveLewisforrobbingmeofanOlympicgold.

我不能原谅刘易斯夺走了我一块奥运会金牌。

Mrs.Yacoubwasrobbedofher£3,000designerwatchatherWestLondonhome.

雅各布夫人那块价值3000英镑的名牌手表在西伦敦的家中被人抢走了。

(1)用rob的适当形式填空

①Armedrobbersbrokeintoajeweller’sthroughaholeinthewall.

②Themanwasservingasentenceforrobberywithviolence.

(2)Thebankwasrobbedandshutdown,butreopenedlastweek.

Robbedandshutdown,thebankreopenedlastweek.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)

6

[多词一义] decline,refuse,deny

declinetodo...拒绝做……

adeclinein在……方面下降

indecline/onthedecline在衰退中,走下坡路

Inmanycaseslivingstandardsaredeclining.

在许多方面生活水平正在下降。

Theministerdeclinedtocommentontherumors.

部长拒绝对那些传言发表评论。

(1)Therehasbeenasteadydeclineinpublicservicesoverrecentyears.

(2)Thankfully,thisisadiseasethatisnowonthedecline.

(3)Hedeclinedtoanswer(answer)myquestions.

7

submitto服从于;

屈从于

submitoneselfto甘受……;

服从……

submit...to...向……提交……

Indesperation,Mrs.Jonessubmittedtoanoperationonherrightkneetorelievethepain.

绝望之际,琼斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手术以减轻疼痛。

(1)IfIsubmittedto(服从)theirdemands,theywouldgivewhateverIwant.

(2)Theysubmittedtheirreportsto(向……提交了报告)theheadmasteryesterday.

8concernv.影响affect;

涉及involve,与……有关beconnectedwith;

让某人担忧beworriedabout;

n.担心,忧虑;

关心

[应试指导] 过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义的区别

concernedadj.担心的;

忧虑的;

感兴趣的

asfarassb.beconcerned就某人而言

beconcernedabout/forconcernoneselfabout/for对……担心/关心

beconcernedwithsb./sth.concernoneselfwithsb./sth.与……有关

concerningprep.关于

AsfarasI’mconcerned,ridingbicyclesisagoodsolution.

就我而言,骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。

(江西·

书面表达)

Hedoesn’tconcernhimselfwithpolitics.

他不关心政治。

用concern的适当形式填空

(1)Concerningthetollfreepolicyontheexpressway,whatconcernsusmostisthetrafficjamswhilesomeareconcernedabout/forthesafety.

(2)Concernedaboutthestudent,theteachercalledhisparentstofindoutwhyhewassooftenabsentfromclass.

9

[应试指导] 

(1)undernocircumstances置于句首时倒装 

(2)circumstance作为先行词时定语从句引导词的考查

in/undernocircumstances决不=never

in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下;

既然这样

underanycircumstances在任何情况下

ifcircumstancesallow/permit如果情况允许

Thestrategywastoodangerousintheexplosivecircumstancesofthetimes.

在当时那种一触即发的形势下,采取那样的策略太危险了。

Iwishwecouldhavemetunderhappiercircumstances.

我真希望我们是在更愉快的情况下相识的。

[特别提醒] 抽象地点名词,如:

point,stage,case,situation,condition,position,activity,race,competition,system,job,scene,life,occasion,environment,circumstance等作先行词时,用where引导。

如:

Hegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.

Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.

[思考题]

表达“决不”的短语还有:

atnotime,bynomeans,onnoaccount,innoway,onnocondition,innocase等。

(1)语法填空

①Hewrotealetterwhereheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.

②Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentwheretheylive.

③Hemaywinthecompetition,whereheislikelytogetintothenationalteam.

④Salesdirectorisapositionwherecommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.

⑤It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferent

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