北师大高二英语Unit 17重点词汇Word文档下载推荐.docx
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respond可以引出直接引语。
②respond作不及物动词,表示“回答,响应”,后一般接to。
如:
Thelecturerkindlyrespondedtomyquestion.
③respond主要用于“良好的”反应,如用于“不好的”反应,则句中须加表示否定意义的词。
配套练习:
①Noresponsewas___rapidly___ourdemandsfortheequipmentwhichwasmostneeded.
A.gave;
toB.made;
toC.offered;
forD.given;
for
②Althoughalargeamountofgoodmedicine___usedonthepatient,hestillhadnorapidresponse___thetreatment.
A.had;
toB.hadbeen;
forC.was;
toD.hasbeen;
③Iofferedtohelphim,buthedidn’t___.Whichiswrong?
A.answerB.replyC.respondD.say
④Hehasdecidedtoretireandhandovertheheavyloadof___toyou.
A.respondB.respectC.responsibilityD.responsible
⑤HowdidJack___toyoursuggestion?
A.lookB.respondC.actD.reduce
2、delay推迟、耽搁。
nodelay刻不容缓;
delay(in)doingsomething迟迟末做某事(也可接不定式);
afterseveraldelays
几经耽搁;
owingtopostaldelays
由于邮递的耽搁;
withoutdelay
不延迟地,立即;
withouttheleastdelay
毫不延迟地;
delayindelivery
延期交货;
delayinpayment
延期支付;
delayoftwohours
两小时的拖延;
delayforsometime
推迟一段时间;
delayuntil
在…前交货;
①delay可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。
用作及物动词时,接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不接动词不定式作宾语。
接表人的名词或代词作宾语时,一般译为“使某人误事”或“使某人慢下来”;
接表事〔事物〕的名词或代词作宾语时,通常译为“推迟〔耽搁〕做某事”。
②delay的意思为“推迟”,“延期”,相当于putoff,其后通常接名词,动名词作宾语,一般很少接不定式。
Ihavetodelayansweringhisquestion.
③delay
in解释为“把某事耽搁”,其后一般接动名词,不接不定式或者of加动名词。
Excusemeformydelayinansweringyourquestion.请原谅我耽搁了回答你的问题。
④delay指“耽搁,延迟”这一行为或情况本身时,是不可数名词;
表示具体的“被耽搁〔推迟〕的事件或时间”时,是可数名词。
⑤delay在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。
常与“in+v-ing”连用。
比较:
delay常表示由于外界原因而推延,也表示有意推延。
Thetrainwasdelayedthreehoursbecauseoftheheavysnow.
putoff指有安排的推延,常说明推延到什么时候。
Themeetingwasputoff.
①Thegovernmentisaccusedofusing___tactics(战术).
A.delayB.delayingC.delayedD.beingdelayed
②Excusemeformy___yourletter.
A.delayansweringB.delayingtoanswerC.delayinanswering
D.delayinginanswering
③Wehadaterribleholiday;
allthefivedayswerecompletely___bytheweather.
A.delayedB.revivedC.ruinedD.reversed
④Johnwaslateforthebusinessmeetingbecausehisflighthadbeen___byaheavystorm.
A.keptB.stoppedC.slowedD.delayed
⑤Astherewasanaccidentontheroad,thebus___foranhour.
A.delayedB.isdelayedC.wasdelayedD.willdelay
3、acknowledge(vt)承认、答谢、告知收到(信件、礼物等);
Itisuniversally(generally)acknowledgedthat………是大家所公认的;
acknowledge(receiptof/thereceiptof)sb’sletter向某人表示来信已收到;
acknowledgedoingsth承认做了某事;
inacknowledgement/acknowledgeofsth对某事表示感谢;
acknowledgesth.承认某事;
acknowledgethat...承认……;
acknowledgesth./sb.tobe/as承认某事/某人是……;
acknowledgehelp对帮助表示感谢;
acknowledgeas
承认…是…;
acknowledgesthtosb
向某人承认;
acknowledgesbwithasmile
笑一笑向某人打招呼;
①acknowledge通常以人或国家、政府等作主语。
②acknowledge是及物动词,既可接名词、动名词、that从句作宾语,也可接以“(tobe)+n./adj./v-ed”
③acknowledge后接复合宾语时,宾语补足语为as引出的短语或不定式短语。
Iacknowledgemyself(as)beaten./Hegladlyacknowledgehimselftobeinthewrong.
①Iwouldbegratefulifyouwould___receiptofthisletter.
A.admitB.acknowledgeC.acceptD.inform
②Hewasgivenagoldwatch___hisworkforthecompany.
A.inacknowledgementofB.inacknowledgeofC.acknowledgeofD.AandB
③Hislongservicewiththecompanywas___withapresent.
A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.attributedD.accepted
④Theyrefusedtoacknowledge___.
A.defeatB.thattheyweredefeatedC.defeatedD.AandB
4、face脸、面孔、面对。
facetoface面对面地(作状语);
face-to-face面对面的(作定语);
facetofacewith遇上;
makeaface(atsomebody)做鬼脸;
withasmileonone’sface面带笑容地;
loseone’sface失掉面子;
hitsomebodyintheface打某人的脸;
looksomebodyintheface=lookinsomebody’sface瞅着某人的脸;
inone’sface当面;
in(the)faceof面对着、纵然、即使;
onthefaceof从……的外表判断起来;
havethefacetodosomething居然有脸做某事;
toone’sface当着……面;
Sheisagoodjudgeoffaces她善于根据面部表情来判断人的性格;
facesomebody/something面对某人(物);
faceon/onto/to/toward/upto朝着某处、面临某种形势;
face(tothe)south朝南;
befacedwithdifficulty/byamostimpressivescene面临着困难、展现出一幅非常令人难忘的景色;
faceupto面对、承担;
facethemusic接受(不愉快的后果或情况)、应受惩罚;
①face作“面子”“过分自信”解时,为抽象名词,不可数。
②face既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词,用作及物动词时,后面可接人或表示困难、形势、问题等的抽象名词或动名词作宾语;
用作不及物动词时,多用来指房屋的朝向。
face面孔,表示“在脸上”多用on。
Shehasaverybeautifulface.
look脸色、神气、外表,复数指面容。
Neverjudgeamanbyhislooks.
appearance外表、外貌,用单数时着重指人,往往包括衣着。
Hiswifeisordinaryinappearance.
①Theboywascaughtcheatingintheexamandhehadto___.
A.facemusicB.playthemusicC.facethemusicD.listentomusic
②___suchadifficultproblem,hedidn’tknowwhattodo.
A.FacedB.FacingC.FacedtoD.Facingwith
③MrSmithlivesina___flat.
A.facedsouthB.southfacedC.south-facingD.facingsouth
④Thehouseiscleanandbright,withalargewindow___.
A.facingsouthB.facingthesouthC.facingtosouthD.facessouth
⑤Thereporterwantedtofix___.
A.afacetofaceinterviewB.aface-to-faceinterviewC.anfacetofaceinterview
D.anface-to-faceinterview
5、astonish使惊讶、使惊骇;
astonished感到惊讶的;
astonishing惊人的;
lookastonishedatwhathesaid对他所说的话似乎感到惊讶;
beastonishedtoseesomething见到什么感到惊讶;
beastonishedat/bysomething对某事感到惊讶;
somethingastonishsomebody某事使某人感到惊讶;
Itastonishedustohearthat…听说……使我们十分惊讶;
tosomebody’sastonishment=totheastonishmentofsomebody使某人惊奇的是;
Itastonishedustohearthatyouhadnotreceivedourletter.
①astonish作“使某人惊讶”解时,用陈述式,主语可为表示人、行为、特性、事件的名词。
当以人作主语时,astonish须搭用by或with引起的短语表示导致惊讶的原因;
astonish作“某人对某事物感到惊讶”解时,用被动式或系表结构,这时astonish多搭用由at〔by〕引起的短语或不定式短语,也可搭用that引起的从句。
②astonish的过去分词astonished在句中常用作形容词,意思是“感到惊讶的”,表示对突然发生或遇到的事情做出异乎寻常的反应,在句中可用作定语或表语;
而astonish的现在分词astonishing在句中用作形容词时多用作定语,偶尔也可用作表语。
③astonish通常用现在分词或过去分词作表语时,其后跟at短语,不定式及that从句,说明原因。
It’sastonishingtomethatsheshouldfailtheexam./Iwasastonishedthatshedidn’tcome.
①Thegirlstaredatthefiercetigereatingamonkey___.
A.astonishingB.inastonishmentC.astonishedD.astonish
②Thenews___everyone.
A.astonishB.astonishingC.astonishedD.toastonish
③Iwas___thenewsofhisescape.
A.astonishingatB.astonishedforC.astonishedatD.astonishingfor
④Lookingather___looks,wewere___.
A.astonished;
confusedB.astonishing;
confusingC.astonishment;
confused
D.astonished;
confusing
6、convince(vt)说服、使相信、使认识错误;
Thisconvincedmeofhishonesty/convincedmethatheishonest这使我相信他确实是诚实的;
Hewasconvincedofhiserror他认识了错误;
convince/persuadesbtosth/arguesbintodoingsth/convincesbtodosth说服某人去做某事;
beconvinced/sure/certainof/that…确信;
convincesb.ofsth./that使某人相信……;
beconvincedofsth./that相信……;
convincebeyonddoubt
确信无疑;
convinceby
为…所折服;
①convince的基本意思是通过摆事实、讲道理或者出示证据等方法使人确信某一事实,侧重人的理性因素。
②convince是及物动词,其宾语多为人,而“信服”的内容则可由介词of引出或由that从句充当。
convince也可接以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语,其意思是“劝说,说服”,是美式英语用法。
③convince后面可以直接接人,如果表达“说服某人某事”可用“convince…of…”或“convince…that…”的结构。
Wehopetoconvincehimofoursincerity./Wehopetoconvincehimthatwearesincere.
说服某人做某事:
argue/talk/persuadesbintodoingsth;
persuade侧重情感上的劝告;
convince着重指理智方面的辩论、劝说,convincesbofsth;
①Hecouldn’t___hisfatherthatJohnwastellingthetruth.
A.convinceB.believeC.ensureD.conceive
②HowcanI___herhonesty?
A.convinceyouB.convinceyouforC.convinceyouofD.beconvincedof
③Withoutagoodbody,wecouldn’tachieveanything.SoItriedto___mydadto___smoking,butIfailed.
A.persuade;
giveinB.persuade;
giveupC.convince;
giveupD.advise;
giveup
④It’suselesstryingto___herthatshedoesn’tneedtoloseanyweight.
A.believeB.convinceC.warnD.ensure
7、guarantee保证、确保;
standguaranteeforsb替某人作保;
guaranteetocarryouttheParty’stasks保证完成党的各项任务;
Iguaranteethathe’llgo我保证他会去;
guaranteesbagainst/fromloss保证某人不受损失;
guaranteetodosth.保证做某事;
guaranteethat/sth....保证……;
guaranteesb.sth.保证某人某物;
givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人保证……;
①guarantee用作及物动词,后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或由that或疑问词引导的从句作宾语;
也可接双宾语;
还接以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。
可用于被动结构。
②guarantee作名词后接on或with,表示某种产品的保单;
后接to,表示“对……的保证”。
Asix-monthguaranteeontheTVsetforallrepairsmightbenecessary./amoney-backguaranteetothoseunsatisfiedwiththeproducts;
③guarantee作动词,宾语后接against,表示“保证不受”;
后接to,表示“为某人提供……的保证”。
Thiscontractguaranteesyouagainstdamagebyfireorflood./Perfectsatisfactionisguaranteedtoourcustomers.有时后接双宾语,表示保证某人享有某种权利等。
Thisguaranteesyoutherighttousethetypewriter.后接that从句,从句中不含情态动词时,表示“确信”,反之,表示“担保”。
Icanguaranteethatyouwillenjoyyourself./IguaranteethatheshallpayonAugust20.
①Thewatchisstill___guarantee.
A.atB.underC.onD.at
②Thiskindofbehaviourisguaranteed___himangry.
A.tomakeB.makingC.madeD.havemade
③Thisironisguaranteedforayear___faultyworkmanship.
A.underB.againstC.overD.on
④I___thatyou’llenjoyyourself.
A.sureB.guaranteeC.suredD.guaranteed
⑤Inthestorm,wemust___everyfamily___loss.
A.promise;
byB.promise;
againstC.keep;
forD.guarantee;
from
8、adjust调节、调整、适应;
adjusttheerror校正误差;
adjust(sth./oneself)(tosth.)使适应;
适应;
adjust...to
(使)适应于…;
adjusttoarmylife
适应军队生活;
adjusttoexternalchanges
适应外界的变化;
adjusttothenewclimate
适应新的气候条件;
adjusttonewconditions
适应新的环境;
adjusttoastandard
校准;
①adjust可用作不及物动词,指“调节自身以适应…”时,“以适应”的客体由介词短语to引出。
Isoonadjustedtomynewwork.作“被调整”“被调节”解时可接with短语,表示“用…来调整”。
②adjust用作及物动词时,以反身代词、物或事物作宾语,而以to引起的短语作宾语补足语,表示“调整…以适应”。
用作宾语的反身代词有时可以省略。
Animalsadjustthemselvest