交通大学远程教育大学英语课后练习题及答案Word文档格式.docx
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sforestsarebeingremoved,andplantlifeisbeingdamagedbyacidrain.
4.Canpollutantsbecreatedbyindooractivities?
Yes.Somepollutantscanbecreatedbyindooractivitiessuchassmokingandcooking.
5.Whatisthefirststeptosolveairpollution?
Thefirststeptosolveairpollutionisassessment.
III.Putinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.
Thereareseveralmaintypesofpollutionandwell-knowneffectsofpollution.Onetypeofairpollutionisthereleaseofparticlesintotheairfromburningfuelforenergy.Anothertypeofpollutionisthereleaseofharmfulgasesintheatmosphere,formingsmogandacidrain.Thegreenhouseeffectisalsoreferredtoasglobalwarming.Inmanycountriesintheworld,stepsarebeingtakentostopthedamagetoourenvironmentfromairpollution.Theyhavesetcontrolsonpollutionemissionsfortransportationvehiclesandindustryandwemustmeetthechallengeinordertoassurethatahealthyenvironmentwillexistforourselvesandourchildren.
ReadandComplete
IV.Spellthefollowingwordswiththehelpoftheirmeaningsandfirstletters.
1.essentiala.absolutelynecessary.Vitallynecessary
2.substancen.thatwhichhasmassandoccupiesspace
3.significanta.important;
ofconsequence;
havingorexpressingameaning
4.well-beingn.acontentedstateorbeinghappyhealthyandprosperous
5.exhaustn.gasesejectedfromanengineaswasteproducts
6.convertv.tochangethenature,purpose,orfunctionofsomething
7.reactionn.aprocessinwhichoneormoresubstancesarechangedintoothers
8.derivev.toobtain;
tocomefrom
9.consequencen.theoutcomeofaneventespeciallyasrelativetoanindividual
10.exposuren.thestateofbeingputintoasituationinwhichsomethingharmfulordangerousmightaffectyou
V.Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswiththewordsyouhavelearnedinthetext.
1.Heexplainedthathisdelaywasduetoanaccident.
2.Foreveryactionthereisanequalandoppositereaction.
3.Thisisoneofthemostsignificantstudiesofthesubject.
4.Thisgardenhasthebestcollectionofnativeplants.Inaddition,itcontainsnumeroustreesandflowersfromoverseas.
5.Thepaintcameoffastheresultofexposuretotherain.
VI.Fillintheblankswiththeproperwordsandexpressionsgivenbelow,changingtheformifnecessary.
1.Werefertocopperandsilverasgoodconductors.
2.Herepatienceisessential.
3.Thecompanysupply,thechildreninthemountainareawithalotofbooks.
4.Thesephenomenaareverycommonnow.
5.TheseEnglishwordsderivefromGreek.
6.Thestormcauseduntolddamagetothefarmer’sproduction.
7.Theregioncontinuestosufferfromseriouspollution.
8.Howdoyouconvertironintosteel?
9.ClimatechangecouldhaveseriousconsequencesforAfrica.
10.Theharmfulsubstancesreleasedintotheenvironment.
VII.Wordbuilding.
Nowadd-entoeachofthewordsbelowandthencompleteeachofthefollowingsentenceswithoneofthefinishedwords.
Sharp-sharpen;
deep-deepen;
high-heighten;
bright-brighten;
short-shorten;
broad-broaden;
wide-widen;
quick-quicken;
dark-darken;
long-lengthen.
1.Johnglancedathiswatchandquickenedhispace.
2.Theroadbroadenedintoanimposingavenuelastyear.
3.HisexpressionbrightenedwhenImentionedthemoney.
4.Thegapbetweenincomeandexpenditurehaswidenedto10%.
5.Theyaretalkingaboutshorteningtheworkingweek.
6.Thebadnewsdarkenedtheirviewofthesituation.
7.It’sanopportunityforyoungpeopletodeepentheirunderstandingoftheworld.
8.Theteacheradvisespupilstosharpenalltheirpencilsbeforethetest.
9.Thedirectorusesmusictoheightentensioninthescene.
10.Thedayslengthenedassummerapproached.
VIII.PayattentiontotheitalicizedpartsintheEnglishsentencesandtranslatetheChinesesentences.
1.示例：
Airsuppliesuswithoxygenwhichisessentialforourbodiestolive.Treesandflowerscansupplyuswithfreshairandbeautifulview.
这家公司的任务是向周围的住户供应煤气。
译：
Thetaskofthiscompanyistosupplythehomesaroundwithgas.
他们向受洪灾地区（theflood-strickenarea）的人们提供了食品援助（aids）。
Theysuppliedthepeopleintheflood-strickenareawithfoodaids.
2.示例：
Thistypeofpollutionissometimesreferredtoas“blackcarbon”pollution.HeisreferredtoasalivingShakespeare.
他们称他是一位政治家。
Theyreferredtohimasapolitician.
那些在办公室工作的人被称为“白领（whitecollar）工人”。
Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyrefertoas“whitecollarworkers”.
3.示例：
Thesecantakepartinfurtherchemicalreactionsoncetheyareintheatmosphere,formingsmogandacidrain.Onceyoustart,youwillnevergiveup.
钱一旦花光了，我们就回不了家了。
Oncethemoneyhasgone,wecannotgobackhome.
一旦出版，这本词典将会非常畅销！
Onceprinted,thisdictionarywillbeverypopular!
4.示例：
Onlythroughtheeffortsofscientists,businessleaders,legislators,andindividualscanwereducetheamountofairpollutionontheplanet.
Onlyinabigcitywasitpossibletobuyanewwheelchair.
孩子们只有在长大了之后，才能明白父母的辛苦。
Onlyafterthechildrengrewupcouldtheyunderstandtheirparents'
hardworking.
我们只有在山顶上才能看到整座城市的美景。
Onlyatthetopofthemountaincanweseethebeautifulscenesofthewholecity.
5.示例：
Thischallengemustbemetbyallofusinordertoassurethatahealthyenvironmentwillexistforourselvesandourchildren.Nothingcanassurepermanenthappiness.
他向我保证他已经完成了。
Heassuredmethathehadfinished.
我可以向你保证这消息是可靠的。
Icanassureyouofthereliabilityofthenews.
IX.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.
1．我们为顾客提供各种优质商品。
Wesupplyourcustomerswithavarietyofgoodswithhighquality.
2．应该采取适当的措施保护当地的环境和历史。
Properstepsshouldbetakentoprotectlocalenvironmentandhistory.
3．只有用这种方式，你才能从你的错误中吸取教训。
Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnformyourmistakes.
4．在大城市，空气污染是个大问题，尤其是在发展中国家。
Airpollutionisabigprobleminlargecities,especiallyindevelopingcountries.
5．此外，为了解决污染问题，我们应该限制私人轿车的数量而增加公共汽车的数量。
Inaddition,inordertosolvethepollutionproblem,weshouldlimitthenumberofprivatecarswhileincreasethenumberofpublicbuses.
X.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.
1.Eachoftheseproblemshasseriouseffectsonourhealthandwell-beingaswellasonthewholeenvironment.
这些问题已严重影响到我们的健康和幸福，也影响到整个环境。
2．Itiscausedbychemicalreactionsbetweenpollutantsderivedfromdifferentsources,primarilyautomobileexhaustandindustrialemissions.
它是由来源不同的污染物之间的化学反应所导致，这些污染物主要是汽车尾气和工业废气。
3．Inmanycountriesintheworld,stepsarebeingtakentostopthedamagetoourenvironmentfromairpollution.
全世界许多国家正采取措施以制止空气污染对环境的破坏。
4．Citiesareoftencentersofthesetypesofactivities,andmanysufferfromtheeffectsofsmog,especiallyduringthewarmmonthsoftheyear.
城市往往是这类活动的中心。
许多人深受烟雾之害，尤其是在一年中温暖的几个月中。
5．Researchershaveinvestigatedoutdoorairpollutionandhavedevelopedstandardsformeasuringthetypeandamountofsomeseriousairpollutants.
研究人员已经调查了室外的空气污染，并制定了标准以计量一些导致严重后果的空气污染物的种类和数量。
XI.Readingcomprehension.
*Inthisexercise,thereisapassagefollowedbysomemultiple-choicequestions.Readthequestionsfirst,andthenthepassage.Don'
tworryaboutanynewwordsaslongasyouunderstandthemeaningwellenoughtoanswerthequestions.Thenanswerthequestionsbymakingthebestchoiceforeachone.
Oursurroundingsarebeingpollutedfasterthanthenatureandman'
spresenteffortscannotpreventit.Timeisbringingusmorepeople,andmorepeoplewillbringusmoreindustry,morecars,largercities,andgrowinguseofman-madematerials.
Whatcanexplainandsolvethisproblem?
Thefactisthatthepollutioniscausedbyman—byhisdesireforamodernwayoflife.Wemake"
increasingindustrialization"
ourchiefaim.Soweareoftenreadytooffereverything:
cleanair,purewater,goodfood,ourhealthandthefutureofourchildren.Thereisaconstantflowofpeoplefromthecountrysideintothecities,eagerforthebenefitsofourmodernsociety.Butasourtechnologicalachievementshavegrowninthelasttwentyyears,pollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.
Isittimewestoppedtoaskourselveswherewearegoingandwhy?
Itmakesonethinkofthestoryabouttheairlinepilotwhotoldhispassengersovertheloud-speaker:
"
I'
vesomegoodnewsandsomebadnews.Thegoodnewsisthatwe'
remakingrapidprogressat530milesperhour.Thebadnewsisthatwe'
relostanddon'
tknowwherewe'
regoing."
Thesadfactisthatthisbecomesatruestorywhenwespeakofourmodernsociety.
1.Mancannotpreventtheworldfrombeingpollutedbecause____________.
C.wehavemoreindustry
2.Peoplecrowdintothecitiesfor____________.
B.theyareanxioustoenjoytheachievementsofoursociety
3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesmanvalue（看重）mostamongthefollowing?
A.Industry.
4.Thestoryabouttheairlinepilottellsusthat____________.
D.thewriterisworriedaboutthefutureofoursociety
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?
B.Lowerthespeedofdevelo
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