英语人文知识竞赛参考资料Word格式文档下载.docx
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,thearrowcanbereadas__________.
A.isequalto
B.consistsof
C.has
D.generates
5."
Iboughtsomeroses"
__________"
Iboughtsomeflowers"
.
A.entails
B.presupposes
C.isinconsistentwith
D.issynonymouswith
6.Y'
sutteranceinthefollowingconversationexchangeviolatesthemaximof__________.
X:
Whowasthatyouwerewithlastnight?
Y:
Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks?
A.quality
B.quantity
C.relation
D.manner
7.Changesinalanguagearechangesinthegrammarofthespeakersofthelanguage.Thismeansthatphonemes,__________,wordsandgrammaticalrulesmaybeborrowed,added,lostor
altered.
A.phrases
B.sentences
C.morphemes
D.utterances
8.Inaspeechcommunitypeoplehavesomethingincommon__________alanguageoraparticularvarietyoflanguageandrulesforusingit.
A.socially
B.linguistically
C.culturally
D.pragmatically
9.Whichofthemajormentalfunctionslistedbelowisnotunderthecontrolofthelefthemisphereinmostpeople?
A.languageandspeech
B.visualandspatialskills
C.readingandwriting
D.analyticreasoning
10.Ingeneral,the__________stagebeginsroughlyinthesecondhalfofthechild'
ssecondyear.
A.babbling
B.one-word
C.two-word
D.multiword
第二部分
1.ThefamousquotationfromShakespeare'
splay"
RomeoandJuliet"
'
Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet'
wellillustrates_______.（）
A.theconventionalnatureoflanguage
B.thecreativenatureoflanguage
C.theuniversalityoflanguage
D.thebigdifferencebetweenhumanlanguageandanimalcommunication
2.Ofthefollowingsoundcombinations,only_______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.（）
A.kibl
B.bkil
C.ilkb
D.ilbk
3.ThesentencethathasaNPandaVPcanbeshownina_______formula"
.（）
A.hierarchical
B.linear
C.treediagram
D.vertical
4.Itisthe_______onCaseassignmentthatstatesthataCaseassignorandaCaserecipientshouldstayadjacenttoeachother.（）
A.CaseCondition
B.parameter
C.AdjacentCondition
D.AdjacentParameter
5.Predicationanalysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.
A.phoneme
B.word
C.phrase
D.sentence
6.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_______.（）
A.commisives
B.directives
C.expressives
D.declaratives
7.Theterm_______linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.
A.synchronic
B.diachronic
C.comparative
D.historicalcomparative
8.Thewayinwhichpeopleaddresseachotherdependsontheirage,sex,socialgroup,andpersonalrelationship.TheEnglishsystemofaddressformsfrequentlyusedincludesfirstname,lastname,title+lastname,_______,andkinterm.
A.title+firstname
B.title+title
C.titlealone
D.firstname+lastname+title
9.Languageandthoughtmaybeviewedastwoindependentcirclesoverlappinginsomeparts.Whenlanguageandthoughtareidenticalorcloselyparalleltoeachother,wemayregardthoughtas"
subvocalspeech,"
andspeechas"
_______"
A.vocalthought
B.subvocalthought
C.covertthought
D.overtthought
10.Whcihofthefollowingbeststatesthebehavioristviewofchildlanguage
acquisition?
_______.（）
A.Languageacquisitionisaprocessofhabitformation
B.Languageacquisitionisthespecies-specificpropertyofhumanbeings
C.Childrenarebornwithaninnateabilitytoacquirelanguage
D.Humansareequippedwiththeneuralprerequisitesforlanguageandlanguageuse
第三部分
1.Asmodernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,andnottolaydownrulesfor"
correct"
linguisticbehavior,itissaidtobe___.
A.prescriptive
B.sociolinguistic
C.descriptive
D.psycholinguistic
2.Ofallthespeechorgans,the___is/arethemostflexible.
A.mouth
B.lips
C.tongue
D.vocalcords
3.Themorpheme"
vision"
inthecommonword"
television"
isa（n）___.
A.boundmorpheme
B.boundform
D.freemorpheme
4.A___intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthat
introducestheembeddedclause.
A.coordinator
B.particle
C.preposition
D.subordinator
5."
CanIborrowyourbike?
"
___"
Youhaveabike."
A.issynonymouswith
B.isinconsistentwith
C.entails
D.presupposes
6.Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowcontextinfluencestheway
speakersinterpretsentencesiscalled___.
A.semantics
B.pragmatics
C.sociolinguistics
D.psycholinguistics
7.Grammaticalchangesmaybeexplained,inpart,asanalogicchanges,
whichare___orgeneralization.
A.elaboration
B.simplification
C.externalborrowing
D.internalborrowing
8.___referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsandstraightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.
A.Linguafranca
B.Creole
C.Pidgin
D.Standardlanguage
9.Psychologists,neurologistsandlinguistshaveconcludedthat,inadditiontothemotorareawhichisresponsibleforphysicalarticulationofutterances,threeareasoftheleftbrainarevitaltolanguage,namely,___.
A.Broca'
sarea,Wernicke'
sareaandtheangulargyrus
B.Broca'
sareaandcerebralcortex
C.Broca'
sareaandneurons
D.Broca'
sareaandExner'
sarea
10.AccordingtoKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconciousdevelopmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunicativesituations.
A.learning
B.competence
C.performance
D.acquisition
第四部分
1.Thepairofwords"
lend"
and"
borrow"
are___.（）
A.gradableopposites
B.relationalopposites
C.co-hyponyms
D.synonyms
2.ThediscoveryofIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilybeganwiththeworkoftheBritishscholar.（）
A.JacobGrimm
B.RasmusRask
C.FranzBopp
D.SirWilliamJones
3.Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas__.（）
A.unusual
B.somethingtobefeared
C.abnormal
D.natural
4.__producefastandfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciationbutthecontentoftheirspeechrangesfrommildlyinappropriatetocompletenonsense,oftenasunintelligible.（）
A.Broca'
saphasic
B.Thelinguisticdeprivation
C.Thedamageontheangulargyrus
D.Wernicke'
5.SomeSouthernlearnersofEnglishinChinatendtosay"
night"
as"
light"
.Thisshows:
A.Theycannotpronounce/n/
B.Interlangueinterferencebecausethereisnotthesound/n/intheirmothertongue
C.Theteachersdonothaveagoodteachingmethod
D.Theydonotliketopronouncenasalsounds
6.Awordwithseveralmeaningsiscalled__word.（）
A.apolysemous
B.asynonymous
C.anabnormal
D.amultiple
7.Thefunctionofthesentence"
Aniceday,isn'
tit?
is__.
A.informative
B.phatic
C.directive
D.performative
8.ThemostrecognizabledifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharein__andvocabulary.（）
A.usage
B.grammar
C.pronunciation
D.structure
9.__dealswiththewayinwhichalanguagevariesthroughgeographicalspace.（）
A.Linguisticgeography
B.Lexicology
C.Lexicography
D.Sociolinguistics
10.Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword"
gentleman"
canbeexpressedas__.（）
A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult
B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult
C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult
D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult
第五部分
1Oneofthepropertiesoflanguageisthatalanguageusercanunderstandandproducesentenceshe/shehasneverheardbefore.Thispropertyoflanguageiscalled________.
A.duality
B.productivity
C.displacement
D.arbitrary
Key:
B
2The______functionreferstothefactthatlanguagecanbeusedforestablishingafavorableatmosphereormaintainingsocialcontactratherthanforexchanginginformationorideas.
A.phatic
B.directive
C.evocative
D.performative
A
3Fromafunctionalapproach,the_______meaningofalanguageuseconsistsofwhatiscommunicatedofthefeelingsandattitudesofthespeaker/writer.
A.affective
B.associative
C.stylistic
D.collocative
4When-ingin'
gangling'
isremovedtogetaverb'
gangle'
wecallthiswayofcreatingwords
________.
A.suffixation
B.back-formation
C.blending
D.acronymy
5______referstotheprocessbywhichwordsrisefromhumblebeginningstopositionsofimportance.
A.Degradation
B.Specialization
C.Elevation
D.Extension
C
6Asweknow,everyspeakerhashisownpetwordsandexpressionsandspecialwayofexpressinghisideasinlanguage.Thislanguagevarietyofindividualusersiscalled______.
A.idiolect
B.regionaldialect
C.temporaldialect
D.socialdialect
7Whenpitch,stressandlengthvariationsaretiedtothesentenceratherthantotheword,theyarecollectivelyknownas________.
A.in
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